Chapter 3901 | Superintendent Of Insurance

Section 3901.01 | Department of insurance.

• Effective: January 9, 1961
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 1 - 104th General Assembly

There is hereby created a department of insurance which shall have all powers and perform all duties formerly vested in and imposed upon the department of commerce and the superintendent of insurance.

In enacting sections 121.02, 121.03, 121.04, 121.05, 121.08, 121.081, 121.082, 3901.01, 3901.011, 3901.02, 3901.03, 3901.04, 3901.05, and 3901.051 of the Revised Code, it is the intent of the general assembly not to change the law as expressed by Title 39 of the Revised Code prior to September 9, 1957, except insofar as necessary to create a separate department of state government, known as the department of insurance, and to vest in it all the powers and impose upon it all the duties formerly vested in and imposed upon the department of commerce respecting the superintendent of insurance and any officers, deputies, or employees of the division of insurance, and except as otherwise expressly provided by such amendments to former law as are specifically adopted in such sections. All rules, regulations, and orders promulgated or issued by the superintendent of insurance prior to September 9, 1957 are continued and retained in full force and effect until amended, repealed, or revoked by the superintendent of insurance.

Section 3901.011 | Superintendent of insurance - powers and duties.

• Effective: September 9, 1957
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 312 - 102nd General Assembly

The superintendent of insurance shall be the chief executive officer and director of the department of insurance and shall have all the powers and perform all the duties vested in and imposed upon the department of insurance. The superintendent of insurance shall see that the laws relating to insurance are executed and enforced. When a violation of a law relating to insurance is reported to him, he shall take the testimony under oath of all persons supposed to have knowledge of such violations, and cause such testimony to be reduced to writing. If the superintendent decides that there is sufficient evidence, he shall cause the person suspected of such violation to be arrested and charged with such offense, and he shall furnish the proper prosecuting attorney with all the information obtained by such superintendent, the names of witnesses, and a copy of all material testimony taken in the case.

Section 3901.02 | Appointment or hiring of employees.

• Effective: September 29, 1999
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 283 - 123rd General Assembly

The superintendent of insurance may appoint such employees as the prompt dispatch of business requires, including skilled and competent persons to examine and report on the business and affairs of insurance companies.

The superintendent may hire an administrator of financial regulation services as an employee in the unclassified civil service. The superintendent shall fix the compensation of the administrator of financial regulation services.

The superintendent may hire actuaries as employees in the unclassified civil service. The superintendent shall fix the compensation of these actuaries, who shall be fellows of either the casualty actuarial society or the society of actuaries.

All persons now employed in the division of insurance in the classified civil service are transferred to the department of insurance in their respective classifications subject to reassignment as the superintendent of insurance may determine to be in the interest of efficient administration.

Section 3901.021 | Department of insurance operating fund.

• Effective: October 3, 2023
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 33 - 135th General Assembly

(A) Three-fourths of all appointment and other fees collected under division (B) of section 3905.20 of the Revised Code shall be paid into the state treasury to the credit of the department of insurance operating fund, which is hereby created. The remaining one-fourth shall be credited to the general revenue fund. Other revenues collected by the superintendent of insurance, such as registration fees for sponsored seminars or conferences and grants from private entities, shall be paid into the state treasury to the credit of the department of insurance operating fund.

(B) Seven-tenths of all fees collected under divisions (A)(2), (A)(3), and (A)(6) of section 3905.40 of the Revised Code shall be paid into the state treasury to the credit of the department of insurance operating fund. The remaining three-tenths shall be credited to the general revenue fund.

(C) All operating expenses of the department of insurance, including those expenses defined under section 3901.07 of the Revised Code, shall be paid from the department of insurance operating fund.

Last updated July 31, 2023 at 5:02 PM

Section 3901.03 | Warden - duties - office of warden.

• Effective: March 17, 1998
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 248 - 122nd General Assembly

The superintendent of insurance shall appoint a warden who shall investigate all reported violations of law relating to insurance, and perform such other duties in the administration of laws relating to insurance as the superintendent may direct.

The office of the warden is hereby designated a criminal justice agency in investigating reported violations of law relating to insurance, and as such is authorized by this state to apply for access to the computerized databases administered by the national crime information center or the law enforcement automated data system in Ohio, and to other computerized databases administered for the purpose of making criminal justice information accessible to state criminal justice agencies.

Section 3901.04 | Superintendent - specific powers.

• Effective: October 24, 2024
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 175 - 135th General Assembly

(A) As used in this section:

(1) "Laws of this state relating to insurance" include but are not limited to Chapter 1751. notwithstanding section 1751.08, Chapter 1753., Title XXXIX, sections 5725.18 to 5725.25, and Chapter 5729. of the Revised Code. Sections 4717.31, 4717.33, 4717.34, 4717.35, and 4717.37 of the Revised Code are "laws of this state relating to insurance" to the extent those sections apply to insurance companies or insurance agents.

(2) "Person" has the meaning defined in division (A) of section 3901.19 of the Revised Code.

(B) Whenever it appears to the superintendent of insurance, from the superintendent's files, upon complaint or otherwise, that any person has engaged in, is engaged in, or is about to engage in any act or practice declared to be illegal or prohibited by the laws of this state relating to insurance, or defined as unfair or deceptive by such laws, or when the superintendent believes it to be in the best interest of the public and necessary for the protection of the people in this state, the superintendent or anyone designated by the superintendent under the superintendent's official seal may do any one or more of the following:

(1) Require any person to file with the superintendent, on a form that is appropriate for review by the superintendent, an original or additional statement or report in writing, under oath or otherwise, as to any facts or circumstances concerning the person's conduct of the business of insurance within this state and as to any other information that the superintendent considers to be material or relevant to such business;

(2) Administer oaths, summon and compel by order or subpoena the attendance of witnesses to testify in relation to any matter which, by the laws of this state relating to insurance, is the subject of inquiry and investigation, and require the production of any book, paper, or document pertaining to such matter. A subpoena, notice, or order under this section may be served in accordance with section 119.05 of the Revised Code or any other manner authorized under the Rules of Civil Procedure. Such service also may be made by an employee of the department designated by the superintendent, a sheriff, a deputy sheriff, an attorney, or any person authorized by the Rules of Civil Procedure to serve process.

In the case of disobedience of any notice, order, or subpoena served on a person or the refusal of a witness to testify to a matter regarding which the person may lawfully be interrogated, the court of common pleas of the county where venue is appropriate, on application by the superintendent, may compel obedience by attachment proceedings for contempt, as in the case of disobedience of the requirements of a subpoena issued from such court, or a refusal to testify therein. Witnesses shall receive the fees and mileage allowed by section 119.094 of the Revised Code. All such fees, upon the presentation of proper vouchers approved by the superintendent, shall be paid out of the appropriation for the contingent fund of the department of insurance. The fees and mileage of witnesses not summoned by the superintendent or the superintendent's designee shall not be paid by the state.

(3) In a case in which there is no administrative procedure available to the superintendent to resolve a matter at issue, request the attorney general to commence an action for a declaratory judgment under Chapter 2721. of the Revised Code with respect to the matter.

(4) Initiate criminal proceedings by presenting evidence of the commission of any criminal offense established under the laws of this state relating to insurance to the prosecuting attorney of any county in which the offense may be prosecuted. At the request of the prosecuting attorney, the attorney general may assist in the prosecution of the violation with all the rights, privileges, and powers conferred by law on prosecuting attorneys including, but not limited to, the power to appear before grand juries and to interrogate witnesses before grand juries.

Last updated August 16, 2024 at 8:22 AM

Section 3901.041 | Rule-making and adjudicating powers of superintendent.

• Effective: October 1, 1998
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 361 - 122nd General Assembly

The superintendent of insurance shall adopt, amend, and rescind rules and make adjudications, necessary to discharge the superintendent's duties and exercise the superintendent's powers, including, but not limited to, the superintendent's duties and powers under Chapters 1751. and 1753. and Title XXXIX of the Revised Code, subject to Chapter 119. of the Revised Code.

Section 3901.042 | Service and transaction fees.

• Effective: January 14, 1993
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 478 - 119th General Assembly

The superintendent of insurance may adopt rules in accordance with Chapter 119. of the Revised Code for the purpose of implementing amended substitute House Bill 478 of the 119th General Assembly, including rules that establish fees for any service or transaction that is required by that act. The rules shall specify each such service or transaction and the amount of the fee that is so charged. Any fee collected pursuant to those rules shall be paid into the state treasury to the credit of the department of insurance operating fund.

Section 3901.043 | Fees for services or transactions performed by department of insurance.

• Effective: September 4, 2014
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 140 - 130th General Assembly

The superintendent of insurance may adopt rules in accordance with Chapter 119. of the Revised Code to establish reasonable fees for any service or transaction performed by the department of insurance pursuant to section 1751.03, 3901.321, 3901.341, 3907.12, 3911.011, 3913.40, 3915.14, 3917.06, 3918.07, 3923.02, 3935.04, 3937.03, or 3953.28 of the Revised Code or any provision in sections 3913.01 to 3913.23 or in Chapter 3905. of the Revised Code, if no fee is otherwise provided under Title XVII or XXXIX of the Revised Code for such service or transaction. Any fee collected pursuant to those rules shall be paid into the state treasury to the credit of the department of insurance operating fund.

Section 3901.044 | Rules for implementing health insurance portability and accountability act.

• Effective: June 30, 1997
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 374 - 122nd General Assembly

The superintendent of insurance may adopt rules in accordance with Chapter 119. of the Revised Code that the superintendent considers necessary and advisable for the purpose of implementing the "Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996," Pub. L. No. 104-191, 110 Stat. 1955, 42 U.S.C.A. 300gg, as amended, and any regulation adopted thereunder.

Section 3901.045 | Receiving confidential or privileged documents and information.

• Effective: January 1, 2021
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 339 - 133rd General Assembly

(A) The superintendent of insurance may receive documents and information, including otherwise confidential or privileged documents and information, from local, state, federal, and international regulatory and law enforcement agencies, from local, state, and federal prosecutors, and from the national association of insurance commissioners and its affiliates and subsidiaries, provided that the superintendent maintains as confidential or privileged any document or information received with notice or the understanding that the document or information is confidential or privileged under the laws of the jurisdiction that is the source of the document or information.

(B) The superintendent may also receive documents and information, including otherwise confidential or privileged documents and information, from the chief deputy rehabilitator, the chief deputy liquidator, other deputy rehabilitators and liquidators, and from any other person employed by, or acting on behalf of, the superintendent pursuant to Chapter 3901. or 3903. of the Revised Code, provided that the superintendent maintains as confidential or privileged any document or information received with the notice or understanding that the document or information is confidential or privileged, except that the superintendent may share and disclose such a document or information when authorized by other sections of the Revised Code.

(C) The superintendent has the authority to maintain as confidential or privileged the documents and information received pursuant to this section.

(D) The superintendent's authority to receive documents and information under this section, from the persons and subject to the conditions listed in this section, is not limited in any way by section 1751.19, 3901.36, 3901.44, 3901.48, 3901.70, 3903.11, 3903.722, 3903.7211, 3903.88, 3905.50, 3922.21, or 3999.36 of the Revised Code.

Section 3901.046 | Electronic signatures.

• Effective: July 21, 2022
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 256 - 134th General Assembly

(A) As used in this section:

(1) "Electronic signature" has the same meaning as in section 1306.01 of the Revised Code.

(2) "Insurer" has the same meaning as in section 3901.32 of the Revised Code.

(B) An insurer may use an electronic signature to comply with any signature requirement placed upon insurers by this title, including any requirement that a document submitted by an insurer to the department of insurance be signed.

Last updated June 8, 2022 at 1:04 PM

Section 3901.05 | Deputy superintendent - duties.

• Effective: September 9, 1957
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 312 - 102nd General Assembly

In the event of a vacancy in the office of the superintendent of insurance, or in the absence or disability of that officer, or when so directed by the superintendent, the deputy superintendent of insurance shall perform all the duties of the superintendent. In the absence of the superintendent and the deputy superintendent, and when so directed by the superintendent, either assistant superintendent shall perform all the duties of the superintendent. The deputy superintendent, or either assistant superintendent, may serve upon any board or commission of which the superintendent is a member.

Section 3901.051 | Assistant superintendent - duties.

• Effective: September 9, 1957
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 312 - 102nd General Assembly

The assistant superintendents shall perform such duties of the superintendent and such other duties as the superintendent shall direct.

Section 3901.052 | Application for innovative waiver.

• Effective: September 29, 2015
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 64 - 131st General Assembly

The superintendent of insurance shall apply to the United States secretary of health and human services and the United States secretary of the treasury for an innovative waiver regarding health insurance coverage in this state as authorized by section 1332 of the "Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act," 42 U.S.C. 18052. The superintendent shall include in the application a request for waivers of the employer and individual mandates in sections 4980H and 5000A of the "Internal Revenue Code of 1986," 26 U.S.C. 4980H and 5000A. The application shall provide for the establishment of a system that provides access to affordable health insurance coverage for the residents of this state.

Section 3901.06 | Instruments under seal of the superintendent.

• Effective: October 1, 1953
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 1 - 100th General Assembly

A certificate, assignment, or conveyance executed in pursuance of law by the superintendent of insurance with the seal of his office affixed thereto shall be received as evidence and may be recorded in the same manner and with like effect as a deed duly acknowledged by an officer authorized by law. In all cases copies of papers in the office of the superintendent, certified by him under the seal of his office, are equal to the original as evidence.

Section 3901.07 | Examination of financial affairs of insurer.

• Effective: October 3, 2023
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 33 - 135th General Assembly

(A) As used in this section, "insurer" means any person doing or authorized to do any insurance business in this state.

(B)(1) Before issuing any license to do the business of insurance in this state, the superintendent of insurance, or a person appointed by the superintendent, may examine the financial affairs of any insurer.

(2) The superintendent, or any person appointed by the superintendent, may examine, as often as the superintendent or appointee considers it desirable, the affairs of any insurer and of any person as to any matter relevant to the financial affairs of the insurer or to the examination.

(3) The superintendent, or any person appointed by the superintendent, shall examine each domestic insurer at least once every three years as to its condition, fulfillment of its contractual obligations, and compliance with applicable laws, provided that the superintendent or appointee may defer making the examination for a longer period not to exceed five years.

(C) In scheduling and determining the nature, scope, and frequency of any examination authorized or required by division (B) of this section, the superintendent shall consider such matters as the results of financial statement analyses and ratios, changes in management or ownership, actuarial opinions, reports of independent certified public accountants, and any other criteria the superintendent considers appropriate.

(D) The superintendent, in lieu of making any examination authorized or required by division (B) of this section, may accept the report of an examination of a foreign or alien insurer made and certified by the superintendent of insurance or other insurance supervisory official of the state or government of domicile or state of entry. The examination of an alien insurer shall be limited to its United States business except as otherwise required by the superintendent.

(E) Whenever the superintendent determines to examine the affairs of any insurer pursuant to any examination authorized or required by division (B) of this section, the superintendent shall appoint as examiners one or more competent persons not employed by or interested in any insurer except as a policyholder. The superintendent shall instruct the examiners as to the scope of the examination.

Each examiner appointed under this division shall have convenient access at all reasonable hours to the books, records, files, securities, and other documents of the insurer, its managers, agents, or other persons that are relevant to the examination. The examiner may administer oaths and examine any person under oath as to any matter relevant to the affairs of the insurer or the examination.

(F) If the superintendent finds the accounts of an insurer being examined pursuant to any examination authorized or required by division (B) of this section to be inadequate or improperly kept or posted and if the insurer has been afforded a reasonable opportunity to correct the accounts, the superintendent may employ or require the insurer to employ experts to rewrite, post, or balance the accounts. The employment of experts under this division shall be at the expense of the insurer.

(G) In connection with any examination authorized or required by division (B) of this section, the superintendent may appoint one or more competent persons to appraise the real property of the insurer or any real property on which the insurer holds security.

(H) The examiner in charge of any examination authorized or required by division (B) of this section shall make a true report of the examination, verified under oath, that shall comprise only facts appearing upon the books, records, or other documents of the insurer or its agents or other persons examined, or as ascertained from the sworn testimony of its officers or agents or other persons examined concerning its affairs, and such conclusions and recommendations as may be reasonably warranted from those facts. The reports so verified shall be prima-facie evidence in any action or proceeding for the rehabilitation or liquidation of the insurer brought in the name of the state against the insurer or its officers or agents.

(I) The examined insurer, within thirty days after the postmark on the envelope in which the report was mailed, may file with the superintendent written objections to the report. The objections shall be attached to and made a part of the report, which then shall be placed in the files of the department of insurance as a public record.

(J)(1) The officers, directors, managers, employees, and agents of an insurer shall facilitate in every way any examination authorized or required by division (B) of this section and, to the extent of their authority, aid the examiners and persons appointed or employed pursuant to divisions (E), (F), and (G) of this section in conducting the examination.

(2) No officer, director, manager, employee, or agent of an insurer shall do any of the following:

(a) Fail to comply with division (J)(1) of this section;

(b) Refuse, without just cause, to be examined under oath;

(c) Knowingly obstruct or interfere with an examiner or any person appointed or employed pursuant to division (E), (F), or (G) of this section in the exercise of the examiner's, appointee's, or employee's authority under this section.

(3) No insurer shall refuse to submit to an examination authorized or required by division (B) of this section. The superintendent, in accordance with Chapter 119. of the Revised Code, may suspend or revoke or refuse to issue or renew the license of any insurer that violates division (J)(3) of this section.

(K) Personnel conducting an examination shall be compensated for each day or portion thereof worked at the rates provided in the examiners' handbook published by the national association of insurance commissioners or the rates applicable to such personnel under section 124.15 or 124.152 of the Revised Code, whichever are higher. Such personnel shall also be reimbursed for their travel and living expenses at rates not to exceed the rates provided in the examiners' handbook published by the association. Personnel who are appointed by the superintendent, but are not employees of the department of insurance, shall be compensated for their work and travel and living expenses at reasonable and customary rates.

(L) If an examination is made of any insurer, the expenses thereof shall be paid by the insurer.

The superintendent shall provide each insurer with an itemized statement of the expenses incurred in the performance of the examination functions authorized or required by this section. Upon receipt of the superintendent's statement, the insurer shall remit the amount thereof to the superintendent who shall remit to the treasurer of state pursuant to section 3901.021 of the Revised Code for deposit in the department of insurance operating fund.

(M) As used in this section, "expenses" means:

(1) The entire compensation for each day or portion thereof worked by all personnel, including those who are not employees of the department of insurance, in:

(a) The conduct of such examination calculated at the rates provided in the examiners' handbook published by the national association of insurance commissioners;

(b) The review and analysis of the annual and any interim financial statements of insurers licensed in this state;

(c) The ongoing evaluation and monitoring of the financial affairs of licensed insurers;

(d) The preparation of the premium or franchise tax liability of licensed insurers;

(e) The review and evaluation of foreign and alien insurers seeking a license in this state;

(f) A portion of the training and continuing education costs of examiners.

(2) Travel and living expenses of all personnel, including those who are not employees of the department, directly engaged in the conduct of such examination calculated at rates not to exceed the rates provided in the examiners' handbook published by the association;

(3) All other incidental expenses incurred by or on behalf of such personnel in the conduct of such examination;

(4) An allocated share of all expenses not paid as described in division (M)(1), (2), or (3) of this section that are necessarily incurred in carrying out the duties of the superintendent under this section, including the expenses of direct overhead and support staff for the examiners and persons appointed or employed pursuant to divisions (E), (F), and (G) of this section.

Last updated July 31, 2023 at 5:03 PM

Section 3901.071 | Superintendent's examination fund.

• Effective: October 3, 2023
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 33 - 135th General Assembly

All moneys collected by the superintendent of insurance for expenses incurred by the superintendent in conducting examinations pursuant to the Revised Code of the financial affairs of any insurance company doing business in this state, for which the insurance company examined is required to pay the costs, shall be paid to the superintendent. The superintendent shall deposit the money in the state treasury to the credit of the department of insurance operating fund. For purposes of this section, "insurance company" means any domestic or foreign stock company, risk retention group, mutual company, mutual protective association, fraternal benefit society, reciprocal or inter-insurance exchange, and health insuring corporation, regardless of the type of coverage written, benefits provided, or guarantees made by each.

Last updated July 31, 2023 at 5:04 PM

Section 3901.072 | Corporate governance annual disclosure act.

• Effective: April 6, 2017
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 273 - 131st General Assembly

(A)(1) Sections 3901.072 to 3901.078 of the Revised Code shall be known as the corporate governance annual disclosure act.

(2) Sections 3901.072 to 3901.078 of the Revised Code shall apply to all insurers domiciled in this state.

(3) Nothing in sections 3901.072 to 3901.078 of the Revised Code shall be construed to prescribe or impose corporate governance standards and internal procedures beyond those required under the corporate laws of this state. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing in those sections shall be construed to limit the superintendent's authority, or the rights or obligations of third parties, under section 3901.07 of the Revised Code.

(B) As used in this section and sections 3901.073 to 3901.078 of the Revised Code:

(1) "Corporate governance annual disclosure" or "CGAD" means a confidential report filed by an insurer or insurance group in accordance with the requirements of sections 3901.072 to 3901.078 of the Revised Code.

(2) "Insurance group" means those insurers and affiliates included within an insurance holding company system as defined in section 3901.32 of the Revised Code.

(3) "Insurer" has the same meaning as in section 3901.32 of the Revised Code.

(4) "NAIC" means the national association of insurance commissioners.

(5) "Superintendent" means the superintendent of insurance.

Section 3901.073 | Corporate governance annual disclosure.

• Effective: April 6, 2017
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 273 - 131st General Assembly

(A)(1)(a) Not later than June 1, 2017, an insurer domiciled in this state, or the insurance group of which the insurer is a member, that, as of December 31, 2015, has an annual, direct written and unaffiliated assumed premium totaling more than five billion dollars, shall submit to the superintendent a corporate governance annual disclosure that contains the information described in section 3901.074 of the Revised Code.

(b) Not later than June 1, 2018, and on or before the first day of June each year thereafter, an insurer domiciled in this state, or the insurance group to which the insurer is a member, shall submit to the superintendent a corporate governance annual disclosure that contains the information described in section 3901.074 of the Revised Code.

(2) Notwithstanding any request from the superintendent, if the insurer is a member of an insurance group, the insurer shall submit the report required by division (A)(1) of this section if the superintendent is the lead state commissioner of the insurance group as determined by the procedures outlined within the most recent financial analysis handbook adopted by the NAIC. The review of the CGAD and any additional requests for information shall be made by the lead state as determined by the procedures within the most recent financial analysis handbook adopted by the NAIC.

(B) An insurer not required to submit a CGAD under division (A) of this section shall do so upon request of the superintendent.

(C) The CGAD shall include a signature of the insurer or insurance group's chief executive officer or corporate secretary attesting to the best of that individual's belief and knowledge that the insurer has implemented the corporate governance practices and that a copy of the disclosure has been provided to the insurer's board of directors or the appropriate committee thereof.

(D)(1) For purposes of completing the CGAD, the insurer or insurance group may provide information regarding corporate governance at one or all of the following levels depending on how the insurer or insurance group has structured its system of corporate governance:

(a) The ultimate controlling parent level;

(b) An intermediate holding company level;

(c) The individual legal entity level.

(2) The insurer or insurance group is encouraged to make the CGAD disclosures at one of the following levels:

(a) At the level at which the insurer's or insurance group's risk appetite is determined ;

(b) At the level at which the insurer's earnings, capital, liquidity, operations, and reputation are overseen collectively and at which the supervision of those factors is coordinated and exercised ;

(c) At the level at which legal liability for failure of general corporate governance duties would be placed.

(3) If the insurer or insurance group determines the level of reporting based on the criteria listed in division (D)(2) of this section, it shall indicate which of the three criteria was used to determine the level of reporting and explain any subsequent changes in the level of reporting.

(E) If an insurer provides information substantially similar to the information required under sections 3901.072 to 3901.078 of the Revised Code in other documents provided to the superintendent, including proxy statements filed in conjunction with insurance holding company registration or other state or federal filings provided to the department, the insurer shall not be required to duplicate the information and may comply with division (A) of this section by referencing within the CGAD the relevant document.

Section 3901.074 | Format of disclosure.

• Effective: April 6, 2017
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 273 - 131st General Assembly

(A)(1) An insurer or insurance group shall have discretion regarding the format of its corporate governance annual disclosure.

(2) The CGAD shall be prepared consistent with the rules adopted by the superintendent pursuant to section 3901.077 of the Revised Code regarding the required content of the CGAD and shall contain the material information necessary for the superintendent to gain an understanding of the insurer's or group's corporate governance structure, policies, and practices.

(3) All documentation and supporting information shall be maintained and made available for examination upon request of the superintendent.

(B) The superintendent may request additional information the superintendent considers material and necessary to provide a clear understanding of the insurer's or insurance group's corporate governance policies and the reporting or information system or controls implementing those policies.

Section 3901.075 | Documents deemed proprietary.

• Effective: April 6, 2017
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 273 - 131st General Assembly

(A) Documents, materials, or other information, including the corporate governance annual disclosure, in the possession or control of the department of insurance that are obtained by, created by, or disclosed to the superintendent or any other person under sections 3901.072 to 3901.078 of the Revised Code are recognized by this state as being proprietary and to contain trade secrets.

(B) The documents, materials, or other information described in division (A) of this section shall be confidential by law and privileged and shall not be admissible into evidence in any private civil action or subject to section 149.43 of the Revised Code, subpoena, or discovery.

(C)(1) Notwithstanding division (B) of this section, the superintendent may use the documents, materials, or other information described in division (A) of this section in furtherance of any regulatory or legal action brought as part of the superintendent's official duties.

(2) The superintendent shall not otherwise make the documents, materials, or other information public without the prior written consent of the insurer.

(3) Nothing in division (B) or (C) of this section shall be construed to require the written consent of the insurer before the superintendent shares or receives confidential documents, materials, or other CGAD-related information pursuant to division (E) of this section to assist in the performance of the superintendent's regulatory duties.

(D) Neither the superintendent nor any person who receives documents, materials, or other CGAD -related information, through examination or otherwise, while acting under the authority of the superintendent or with whom such documents, materials, or other information are shared pursuant to sections 3901. 072 to 3901.078 of the Revised Code shall be permitted or required to testify in any private civil action concerning any confidential documents, materials, or information described in division (A) of this section.

(E)(1) In order to assist in the performance of the superintendent's regulatory duties, the superintendent may do either of the following:

(a) Upon request, share documents, materials, or other CGAD -related information, including confidential and privileged documents, materials, or information subject to division (A) of this section, and proprietary and trade secret documents, with other state, federal, and international financial regulatory agencies, members of any supervisory college as described in section 3901.351 of the Revised Code, the NAIC, or any third- party consultant pursuant to section 3901.076 of the Revised Code;

(b) Receive documents, materials, or other CGAD -related information, including confidential and privileged documents, materials, or information subject to division (A) of this section, and proprietary and trade secret documents, from regulatory officials or other foreign or domestic jurisdictions, including members of any supervisory college as described in section 3901.351 of the Revised Code, and from the NAIC.

(2) The recipient of any information pursuant to division (E)(1)(a) of this section shall agree in writing to maintain the confidentiality and privileged status of the documents, materials, or other information and verify in writing their legal authority to maintain confidentiality. If the superintendent receives any information pursuant to division (E) (1)(b) of this section, the superintendent shall maintain as confidential or privileged any documents, materials, or information received with notice or the understanding that it is confidential or privileged under the laws of the jurisdiction that is the source of the document, material, or information.

(F) The sharing of information, materials, and documents by the superintendent pursuant to sections 3901.072 to 3901.078 of the Revised Code shall not constitute a delegation of regulatory or rule-making authority, and the superintendent is solely responsible for the administration, execution, and enforcement of sections 3901.072 to 3901.078 of the Revised Code.

(G) No waiver of any applicable privilege or claim of confidentiality in the document, proprietary and trade-secret materials, or other CGAD -related information shall occur as a result of disclosure of such CGAD -related information, materials, or documents to the superintendent as a result of sharing authorized in sections 3901.072 to 3901.078 of the Revised Code.

Section 3901.076 | Retention of third-party consultant.

• Effective: April 6, 2017
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 273 - 131st General Assembly

(A) The superintendent may retain a third- party consultant, including attorneys, actuaries, accountants, and other experts not otherwise part of the superintendent's staff, as is reasonably necessary to assist the superintendent in reviewing a corporate governance annual disclosure and related information or an insurer's compliance with sections 3901.072 to 3901.078 of the Revised Code. The superintendent shall retain a third-party consultant under this division at the expense of the applicable insurer.

(B) Each third-party consultant retained under division (A) of this section shall do all of the following :

(1) Serve under the direction and control of the superintendent in a purely advisory capacity;

(2) Comply with the confidentiality requirements applicable to the superintendent under sections 3901.072 to 3901.078 of the Revised Code;

(3) Verify to the superintendent, with notice to the insurer, that the consultant is free of a conflict of interest and has internal procedures in place to monitor compliance with a conflict and to comply with the confidentiality requirements of sections 3901.072 to 3901.078 of the Revised Code.

(C) If the superintendent enters into a written agreement with the NAIC, a third-party consultant, or both, regarding the sharing and use of information provided pursuant to sections 3901.072 to 3901.078 of the Revised Code, the written agreement shall do all of the following:

(1) Specify procedures and protocols for maintaining the confidentiality and security of CGAD -related information shared with the NAIC or a third-party consultant pursuant to sections 3901.072 to 3901.078 of the Revised Code, including procedures and protocols for sharing by the NAIC only with other state regulators from states in which the insurance group has domiciled insurers;

(2) Provide that the recipient of information agrees in writing to maintain the confidentiality and privileged status of the CGAD -related documents, materials, or other information obtained pursuant to sections 3901.072 to 3901.078 of the Revised Code and has verified in writing the legal authority to maintain confidentiality;

(3) Specify that ownership of information shared with the NAIC or a third -party consultant pursuant to sections 3901.072 to 3901.078 of the Revised Code remains with the department of insurance and the NAIC's or third-party consultant's use of the information is subject to the direction of the superintendent;

(4) Prohibit the NAIC or a third-party consultant from storing the information obtained pursuant to sections 3901.072 to 3901.078 of the Revised Code in a permanent database after the underlying analysis is completed;

(5) Require the NAIC or a third-party consultant to provide prompt notice to the superintendent and to the insurer or insurance group regarding any request or subpoena for disclosure or production of the insurer's CGAD -related information;

(6) Require the NAIC or a third-party consultant to consent to intervention by an insurer in any judicial or administrative action in which the NAIC or third-party consultant may be required to disclose confidential information about the insurer that was obtained pursuant to sections 3901.072 to 3901.078 of the Revised Code ;

(7) Require the insurer's written consent prior to making public information that was obtained pursuant to sections 3901.072 to 3901.078 of the Revised Code.

Section 3901.077 | Rules.

• Effective: April 6, 2017
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 273 - 131st General Assembly

The superintendent shall adopt rules in accordance with Chapter 119. of the Revised Code as are reasonably necessary to implement sections 3901.072 to 3901.078 of the Revised Code.

Section 3901.078 | Penalty.

• Effective: April 6, 2017
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 273 - 131st General Assembly

(A) If the superintendent finds, after notice and an opportunity for a hearing conducted in accordance with Chapter 119. of the Revised Code, that an insurer has failed to file a corporate governance annual disclosure as required by division (A) of section 3901.073 of the Revised Code, the superintendent shall assess a civil penalty against the insurer.

(1) The amount of the civil penalty imposed by division (A) of this section shall be one hundred dollars for each day the CGAD is past due, provided that the total penalty shall not exceed the sum of ten thousand dollars.

(2) All sums collected from such penalties shall be deposited in the general revenue fund.

(B) The superintendent may reduce the amount of the civil penalty if the insurer demonstrates to the superintendent that the imposition of the penalty would constitute a financial hardship to the insurer.

Section 3901.08 | Information from banks.

• Effective: September 28, 1990
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 629 - 118th General Assembly

The superintendent of insurance may make written requisitions upon the officers or directors of any national bank, state bank, or state bank and trust company of this state, and upon any clearing corporation, direct participant, or member bank, as defined in section 3901.51 of the Revised Code, domiciled or doing business in this state, for information as he requires relating to the financial transactions of any of these institutions or entities with any insurance company, fraternal beneficiary association, or assessment association, authorized to do business in this state.

Section 3901.09 | Duty of bank officers.

• Effective: September 28, 1990
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 629 - 118th General Assembly

Any officer or director of any national bank, state bank, or state bank and trust company of this state, and any clearing corporation, direct participant, or member bank, as defined in section 3901.51 of the Revised Code, domiciled or doing business in this state, upon the receipt of the requisition authorized by section 3901.08 of the Revised Code, or within five days after the receipt of the requisition, shall furnish to the superintendent of insurance in writing all the information called for in the requisition and in the manner and form as directed in the requisition.

Section 3901.10 | Deficiency of company assets.

• Effective: September 4, 1970
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 1121 - 108th General Assembly

If it appears to the superintendent of insurance upon satisfactory evidence that the assets of an insurance company, organized under the laws of this state, after deducting therefrom all liabilities including reinsurance, reserve, or unearned premium fund, computed according to the laws of this state, are reduced below the capital required by law for a stock company or the surplus required for any other company, he shall require such company to restore such deficiency within a period designated by him of not less than thirty days nor more than ninety days. He may prohibit such company from issuing any new policies or transacting any new business until it has furnished evidence satisfactory to him that such deficiency has been restored, or until so authorized by a court in a proper proceeding therein. If the superintendent prohibits such company from issuing any new policies or transacting any new business, all licensed agents and solicitors of such company shall be notified of such prohibition in such manner as the superintendent shall direct. Thereafter, no such agent or solicitor shall procure applications for insurance or issue policies for such company until authorized by the superintendent or by a court.

Section 3901.11 | Acquisition of stock of other insurers.

• Effective: October 1, 1953
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 1 - 100th General Assembly

Any domestic insurer and any foreign or alien insurer authorized to do business in this state may retain, invest in, or acquire the whole or any part of the capital stock of any other insurer, or have a common management with any other insurer, provided such retention, investment, acquisition, or common management is not inconsistent with any other law relating to the investment of the funds of domestic insurers, and provided further that by reason of such retention, investment, or acquisition of such capital stock, or common management, the business of such insurers with the public shall not be conducted in a manner which substantially lessens competition generally in the business of insurance or creates a monopoly therein.

Section 3901.12 | Interlocking directorate.

• Effective: October 1, 1953
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 1 - 100th General Assembly

Any person otherwise qualified may be a director of two or more insurers which are competitors or which have a common management, but no such interlocking directorate shall be used as a means of substantially lessening competition generally in the business of insurance or of creating a monopoly therein.

Section 3901.13 | Hearing by superintendent.

• Effective: October 1, 1953
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 1 - 100th General Assembly

Whenever the superintendent of insurance has reason to believe that there is a violation of section 3901.11 or 3901.12 of the Revised Code, he shall serve upon the insurers and directors a notice of a hearing before the superintendent to be held not less than thirty days after the service of such notice, and requiring such insurers and directors to show cause why an order should not be made by the superintendent directing such insurers and directors to cease and desist from such violation. All such hearings shall be conducted in accordance with sections 119.01 to 119.13, inclusive, of the Revised Code.

If, upon such hearing, the superintendent finds that there has been a violation of section 3901.11 or 3901.12 of the Revised Code, he shall issue and cause to be served upon such insurers and directors an order reciting the facts found by him, setting forth the respects in which there has been a violation, and directing such insurers and directors to cease and desist from such violation.

Any such order of the superintendent shall be subject to judicial review in accordance with sections 119.01 to 119.13, inclusive, of the Revised Code. A violation of any such order is, subject to said judicial review, deemed a violation as contemplated by section 3901.16 or 3901.17 of the Revised Code.

Section 3901.14 | Record and report of superintendent.

• Effective: September 6, 1965
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 149 - 106th General Assembly

The superintendent of insurance shall preserve a full record of his proceedings, including a concise statement of the condition of each insurance company or association authorized to transact business in this state. Each year the superintendent shall report their general conduct and condition, including the information contained in the statement required of them, arranged in tabular form in two separate reports, one pertaining to life insurance companies and the second to all other insurance companies.

Section 3901.15 | Application of law.

• Effective: October 1, 1953
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 1 - 100th General Assembly

The laws relating to the superintendent of insurance apply to all persons, companies, and associations, whether incorporated or not, engaged in the business of insurance.

Section 3901.16 | Forfeiture.

• Effective: October 1, 1998
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 361 - 122nd General Assembly

Any association, company, or corporation, including a health insuring corporation, which violates any law relating to the superintendent of insurance, any provision of Chapter 1751. or 1753. of the Revised Code, or any insurance law of this state, for the violation of which no forfeiture or penalty is elsewhere provided in the Revised Code, shall forfeit and pay not less than one thousand nor more than ten thousand dollars, to be recovered by an action in the name of the state and on collection to be paid to the superintendent, who shall pay such sum into the state treasury.

Section 3901.17 | Personal jurisdiction over foreign or alien insurer.

• Effective: September 4, 2014
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 140 - 130th General Assembly

(A) As used in this section:

(1) "Captive insurer" has the same meaning as in section 3905.36 of the Revised Code.

(2) "Insurer" includes, but is not limited to, any person that is an affiliate of or affiliated with the insurer, as defined in section 3901.32 of the Revised Code, and any person that is a subsidiary of the insurer as defined in section 3901.32 of the Revised Code.

(3) "Laws of this state relating to insurance" has the same meaning as in section 3901.04 of the Revised Code.

(4) "Person" has the same meaning as in section 3901.19 of the Revised Code.

(5) "Home state" has the same meaning as in section 3905.30 of the Revised Code.

(B) Any of the following acts in this state, effected by mail or otherwise, by any foreign or alien insurer not authorized to transact business within this state, any nonresident person acting on behalf of an insurer, or any nonresident insurance agent subjects the insurer, person, or agent to the exercise of personal jurisdiction over the insurer, person, or agent to the extent permitted by the constitutions of this state and of the United States:

(1) Issuing or delivering contracts of insurance to residents of this state or to corporations authorized to do business therein;

(2) Making or proposing to make any insurance contracts;

(3) Soliciting, taking, or receiving any application for insurance;

(4) Receiving or collecting any premium, commission, membership fee, assessment, dues, or other consideration for any insurance contract or any part thereof;

(5) Disseminating information as to coverage or rates, forwarding applications, inspecting risks, fixing rates, investigating or adjusting claims or losses, or transacting any matters subsequent to effecting a contract of insurance and arising out of it;

(6) Doing any kind of business recognized as constituting the doing of an insurance business under Title XXXIX of the Revised Code or subject to regulation by the superintendent of insurance under the laws of this state relating to insurance.

Any such act shall be considered to be the doing of an insurance business in this state by such insurer, person, or agent and shall be its agreement that service of any lawful subpoena, notice, order, or process is of the same legal force and validity as personal service of the subpoena, notice, order, or process in this state upon the insurer, person, or agent.

(C) Service of process in judicial proceedings shall be as provided by the Rules of Civil Procedure. Service in or out of this state of notice, orders, or subpoenas in administrative proceedings before the superintendent shall be as provided in section 3901.04 of the Revised Code.

(D) Service of any notice, order, subpoena, or process in any such action, suit, or proceeding shall, in addition to the manner provided in division (C) of this section, be valid if served upon any person within this state who, in this state on behalf of such insurer, person, or agent is or has been:

(1) Soliciting, procuring, effecting, or negotiating for insurance;

(2) Making, issuing, or delivering any contract of insurance;

(3) Collecting or receiving any premium, membership fees, assessment, dues, or other consideration for insurance;

(4) Disseminating information as to coverage or rates, forwarding applications, inspecting risks, fixing rates, investigating or adjusting claims or losses, or transacting any matters subsequent to effecting a contract of insurance and arising out of it.

(E) Nothing in this section shall limit or abridge the right to serve any subpoena, order, process, notice, or demand upon any insurer, person, or agent in any other manner permitted by law.

(F) Every person investigating or adjusting any loss or claim under a policy of insurance not excepted under division (I) of this section and issued by any such insurer and covering a subject of insurance that was resident, located, or to be performed in this state at the time of issuance shall immediately report the policy to the superintendent.

(G) If this state is the home state of the insured, each such insurer that does any of the acts set forth in division (B) of this section shall be subject to the requirements of section 3905.36 of the Revised Code.

(H) No contract of insurance effected in this state by mail or otherwise by any such insurer is enforceable by the insurer.

(I) This section does not apply to:

(1) Insurance obtained pursuant to sections 3905.30 to 3905.36 of the Revised Code;

(2) The transaction of reinsurance by insurers;

(3) Transactions in this state involving a policy of group life or group accident and sickness insurance solicited, written, and delivered outside this state;

(4) Transactions involving contracts of insurance independently procured through negotiations occurring entirely outside this state which are reported and the tax is paid in accordance with section 3905.36 of the Revised Code;

(5) An attorney at law acting on behalf of the attorney's clients in the adjustment of claims or losses;

(6) Ocean marine insurance;

(7) Transactions involving policies issued by a captive insurer.

Section 3901.18 | Requirements for unauthorized foreign or alien insurer to enter an appearance.

• Effective: November 21, 1967
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 436 - 107th General Assembly

(A) Before any unauthorized foreign or alien insurer may enter an appearance in any court action, suit, or proceeding or in any administrative proceeding before the superintendent of insurance, such unauthorized insurer shall either:

(1) Deposit with the clerk of the court in which such action, suit, or proceeding is pending or with the superintendent if such proceeding is before him, cash or securities or file with such clerk or the superintendent a bond with good and sufficient sureties, to be approved by the court or the superintendent, in an amount to be fixed by the court sufficient to secure the payment of any final judgment which may be rendered in any such court action, suit, or proceeding or by the superintendent sufficient to satisfy any order issued by the superintendent;

(2) Procure a certificate of authority to transact the business of insurance in this state.

(B) In any action, suit, or proceeding, in which service is made in the manner provided in division (B) or (C) of section 3901.17 of the Revised Code the court or, if the proceeding is before the superintendent of insurance, the superintendent may order such postponement as may be necessary to afford the unauthorized insurer reasonable opportunity to comply with the provisions of division (A) of this section and to defend such action, suit, or proceeding.

(C) Nothing in division (A) of this section shall prevent an unauthorized foreign or alien insurer from filing a motion to set aside service made in the manner provided in division (B) or (C) of section 3901.17 of the Revised Code on the ground either:

(1) That such unauthorized insurer has not done any of the acts enumerated in division (A) of section 3901.17 of the Revised Code;

(2) That the person on whom service was made pursuant to division (C) of section 3901.17 of the Revised Code was not doing or had not done any of the acts enumerated in division (C) of section 3901.17 of the Revised Code.

(D) The provisions of this section do not apply to ocean marine insurance.

Section 3901.19 | Unfair and deceptive practices definitions.

• Effective: September 1, 2002
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 129 - 124th General Assembly

As used in sections 3901.19 to 3901.26 of the Revised Code:

(A) "Person" means any individual, corporation, association, partnership, reciprocal exchange, inter-insurer, fraternal benefit society, title guarantee and trust company, health insuring corporation, and any other legal entity.

(B) "Residents" includes any individual, partnership, or corporation.

(C) "Maternity benefits" means those benefits calculated to indemnify the insured for hospital and medical expenses fairly and reasonably associated with a pregnancy and childbirth.

(D) "Insurance" includes, but is not limited to, any policy or contract offered, issued, sold, or marketed by an insurer, corporation, association, organization, or entity regulated by the superintendent of insurance or doing business in this state. Nothing in any other section of the Revised Code shall be construed to exclude single premium deferred annuities from the regulation of the superintendent under sections 3901.19 to 3901.26 of the Revised Code.

(E) "Affiliate" means any company that controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, another company.

(F) "Customer" means an individual who purchases, applies to purchase, or is solicited to purchase insurance products primarily for personal, family, or household purposes.

(G) "Depository institution" means a bank, savings bank, savings and loan association, or credit union that is subject to regulation or supervision by the United States or any state. "Depository institution" does not include an insurance company.

(H) "Insurance agent" or "agent" has the same meaning as in section 3905.01 of the Revised Code.

(I) "Insurer" has the same meaning as in section 3901.32 of the Revised Code.

(J) "Policy" or "certificate" means a contract of insurance, indemnity, medical, health or hospital service, suretyship, or annuity issued, proposed for issuance, or intended for issuance by any insurer.

Section 3901.20 | Prohibition against unfair or deceptive acts.

• Effective: January 5, 1988
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 1 - 117th General Assembly

No person shall engage in this state in any trade practice which is defined in sections 3901.19 to 3901.23 of the Revised Code as, or determined pursuant to those sections to be, an unfair or deceptive act or practice in the business of insurance.

This section applies to any person, as defined in section 3901.19 of the Revised Code, regardless of whether the person is licensed or required to be licensed by the superintendent of insurance.

Section 3901.21 | Unfair and deceptive acts or practices in business of insurance defined.

• Effective: October 24, 2024
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 40 - 135th General Assembly

The following are hereby defined as unfair and deceptive acts or practices in the business of insurance:

(A) Making, issuing, circulating, or causing or permitting to be made, issued, or circulated, or preparing with intent to so use, any estimate, illustration, circular, or statement misrepresenting the terms of any policy issued or to be issued or the benefits or advantages promised thereby or the dividends or share of the surplus to be received thereon, or making any false or misleading statements as to the dividends or share of surplus previously paid on similar policies, or making any misleading representation or any misrepresentation as to the financial condition of any insurer as shown by the last preceding verified statement made by it to the insurance department of this state, or as to the legal reserve system upon which any life insurer operates, or using any name or title of any policy or class of policies misrepresenting the true nature thereof, or making any misrepresentation or incomplete comparison to any person for the purpose of inducing or tending to induce such person to purchase, amend, lapse, forfeit, change, or surrender insurance.

Any written statement concerning the premiums for a policy which refers to the net cost after credit for an assumed dividend, without an accurate written statement of the gross premiums, cash values, and dividends based on the insurer's current dividend scale, which are used to compute the net cost for such policy, and a prominent warning that the rate of dividend is not guaranteed, is a misrepresentation for the purposes of this division.

(B) Making, publishing, disseminating, circulating, or placing before the public or causing, directly or indirectly, to be made, published, disseminated, circulated, or placed before the public, in a newspaper, magazine, or other publication, or in the form of a notice, circular, pamphlet, letter, or poster, or over any radio station, or in any other way, or preparing with intent to so use, an advertisement, announcement, or statement containing any assertion, representation, or statement, with respect to the business of insurance or with respect to any person in the conduct of the person's insurance business, which is untrue, deceptive, or misleading.

(C) Making, publishing, disseminating, or circulating, directly or indirectly, or aiding, abetting, or encouraging the making, publishing, disseminating, or circulating, or preparing with intent to so use, any statement, pamphlet, circular, article, or literature, which is false as to the financial condition of an insurer and which is calculated to injure any person engaged in the business of insurance.

(D) Filing with any supervisory or other public official, or making, publishing, disseminating, circulating, or delivering to any person, or placing before the public, or causing directly or indirectly to be made, published, disseminated, circulated, delivered to any person, or placed before the public, any false statement of financial condition of an insurer.

Making any false entry in any book, report, or statement of any insurer with intent to deceive any agent or examiner lawfully appointed to examine into its condition or into any of its affairs, or any public official to whom such insurer is required by law to report, or who has authority by law to examine into its condition or into any of its affairs, or, with like intent, willfully omitting to make a true entry of any material fact pertaining to the business of such insurer in any book, report, or statement of such insurer, or mutilating, destroying, suppressing, withholding, or concealing any of its records.

(E) Issuing or delivering or permitting agents, officers, or employees to issue or deliver agency company stock or other capital stock or benefit certificates or shares in any common-law corporation or securities or any special or advisory board contracts or other contracts of any kind promising returns and profits as an inducement to insurance.

(F) Except as provided in section 3901.213 of the Revised Code, making or permitting any unfair discrimination among individuals of the same class and equal expectation of life in the rates charged for any contract of life insurance or of life annuity or in the dividends or other benefits payable thereon, or in any other of the terms and conditions of such contract.

(G)(1) Except as otherwise expressly provided by law, including as provided in section 3901.213 of the Revised Code, knowingly permitting or offering to make or making any contract of life insurance, life annuity or accident and health insurance, or agreement as to such contract other than as plainly expressed in the contract issued thereon, or paying or allowing, or giving or offering to pay, allow, or give, directly or indirectly, as inducement to such insurance, or annuity, any rebate of premiums payable on the contract, or any special favor or advantage in the dividends or other benefits thereon, or any valuable consideration or inducement whatever not specified in the contract; or giving, or selling, or purchasing, or offering to give, sell, or purchase, as inducement to such insurance or annuity or in connection therewith, any stocks, bonds, or other securities, or other obligations of any insurance company or other corporation, association, or partnership, or any dividends or profits accrued thereon, or anything of value whatsoever not specified in the contract.

(2) An insurer, producer, or representative of either shall not offer or provide insurance as an inducement to the purchase of another policy of insurance and shall not use the words "free" or "no cost," or words of similar import, to such effect in an advertisement.

(H) Making, issuing, circulating, or causing or permitting to be made, issued, or circulated, or preparing with intent to so use, any statement to the effect that a policy of life insurance is, is the equivalent of, or represents shares of capital stock or any rights or options to subscribe for or otherwise acquire any such shares in the life insurance company issuing that policy or any other company.

(I) Making, issuing, circulating, or causing or permitting to be made, issued or circulated, or preparing with intent to so issue, any statement to the effect that payments to a policyholder of the principal amounts of a pure endowment are other than payments of a specific benefit for which specific premiums have been paid.

(J) Making, issuing, circulating, or causing or permitting to be made, issued, or circulated, or preparing with intent to so use, any statement to the effect that any insurance company was required to change a policy form or related material to comply with Title XXXIX of the Revised Code or any regulation of the superintendent of insurance, for the purpose of inducing or intending to induce any policyholder or prospective policyholder to purchase, amend, lapse, forfeit, change, or surrender insurance.

(K) Aiding or abetting another to violate this section.

(L) Refusing to issue any policy of insurance, or canceling or declining to renew such policy because of the sex or marital status of the applicant, prospective insured, insured, or policyholder.

(M) Making or permitting any unfair discrimination between individuals of the same class and of essentially the same hazard in the amount of premium, policy fees, or rates charged for any policy or contract of insurance, other than life insurance, or in the benefits payable thereunder, or in underwriting standards and practices or eligibility requirements, or in any of the terms or conditions of such contract, or in any other manner whatever.

(N) Refusing to make available disability income insurance solely because the applicant's principal occupation is that of managing a household.

(O) Refusing, when offering maternity benefits under any individual or group sickness and accident insurance policy, to make maternity benefits available to the policyholder for the individual or individuals to be covered under any comparable policy to be issued for delivery in this state, including family members if the policy otherwise provides coverage for family members. Nothing in this division shall be construed to prohibit an insurer from imposing a reasonable waiting period for such benefits under an individual sickness and accident insurance policy issued to an individual who is not a federally eligible individual or a nonemployer-related group sickness and accident insurance policy, but in no event shall such waiting period exceed two hundred seventy days.

For purposes of division (O) of this section, "federally eligible individual" means an eligible individual as defined in 45 C.F.R. 148.103.

(P) Using, or permitting to be used, a pattern settlement as the basis of any offer of settlement. As used in this division, "pattern settlement" means a method by which liability is routinely imputed to a claimant without an investigation of the particular occurrence upon which the claim is based and by using a predetermined formula for the assignment of liability arising out of occurrences of a similar nature. Nothing in this division shall be construed to prohibit an insurer from determining a claimant's liability by applying formulas or guidelines to the facts and circumstances disclosed by the insurer's investigation of the particular occurrence upon which a claim is based.

(Q) Refusing to insure, or refusing to continue to insure, or limiting the amount, extent, or kind of life or sickness and accident insurance or annuity coverage available to an individual, or charging an individual a different rate for the same coverage solely because of blindness or partial blindness. With respect to all other conditions, including the underlying cause of blindness or partial blindness, persons who are blind or partially blind shall be subject to the same standards of sound actuarial principles or actual or reasonably anticipated actuarial experience as are sighted persons. Refusal to insure includes, but is not limited to, denial by an insurer of disability insurance coverage on the grounds that the policy defines "disability" as being presumed in the event that the eyesight of the insured is lost. However, an insurer may exclude from coverage disabilities consisting solely of blindness or partial blindness when such conditions existed at the time the policy was issued. To the extent that the provisions of this division may appear to conflict with any provision of section 3999.16 of the Revised Code, this division applies.

(R)(1) Directly or indirectly offering to sell, selling, or delivering, issuing for delivery, renewing, or using or otherwise marketing any policy of insurance or insurance product in connection with or in any way related to the grant of a student loan guaranteed in whole or in part by an agency or commission of this state or the United States, except insurance that is required under federal or state law as a condition for obtaining such a loan and the premium for which is included in the fees and charges applicable to the loan; or, in the case of an insurer or insurance agent, knowingly permitting any lender making such loans to engage in such acts or practices in connection with the insurer's or agent's insurance business.

(2) Except in the case of a violation of division (G) of this section, division (R)(1) of this section does not apply to either of the following:

(a) Acts or practices of an insurer, its agents, representatives, or employees in connection with the grant of a guaranteed student loan to its insured or the insured's spouse or dependent children where such acts or practices take place more than ninety days after the effective date of the insurance;

(b) Acts or practices of an insurer, its agents, representatives, or employees in connection with the solicitation, processing, or issuance of an insurance policy or product covering the student loan borrower or the borrower's spouse or dependent children, where such acts or practices take place more than one hundred eighty days after the date on which the borrower is notified that the student loan was approved.

(S) Denying coverage, under any health insurance or health care policy, contract, or plan providing family coverage, to any natural or adopted child of the named insured or subscriber solely on the basis that the child does not reside in the household of the named insured or subscriber.

(T)(1) Using any underwriting standard or engaging in any other act or practice that, directly or indirectly, due solely to any health status-related factor in relation to one or more individuals, does either of the following:

(a) Terminates or fails to renew an existing individual policy, contract, or plan of health benefits, or a health benefit plan issued to an employer, for which an individual would otherwise be eligible;

(b) With respect to a health benefit plan issued to an employer, excludes or causes the exclusion of an individual from coverage under an existing employer-provided policy, contract, or plan of health benefits.

(2) The superintendent of insurance may adopt rules in accordance with Chapter 119. of the Revised Code for purposes of implementing division (T)(1) of this section.

(3) For purposes of division (T)(1) of this section, "health status-related factor" means any of the following:

(a) Health status;

(b) Medical condition, including both physical and mental illnesses;

(c) Claims experience;

(d) Receipt of health care;

(e) Medical history;

(f) Genetic information;

(g) Evidence of insurability, including conditions arising out of acts of domestic violence;

(h) Disability.

(U) With respect to a health benefit plan issued to a small employer, as those terms are defined in section 3924.01 of the Revised Code, negligently or willfully placing coverage for adverse risks with a certain carrier, as defined in section 3924.01 of the Revised Code.

(V) Using any program, scheme, device, or other unfair act or practice that, directly or indirectly, causes or results in the placing of coverage for adverse risks with another carrier, as defined in section 3924.01 of the Revised Code.

(W) Failing to comply with section 3923.23, 3923.231, 3923.232, 3923.233, or 3923.234 of the Revised Code by engaging in any unfair, discriminatory reimbursement practice.

(X) Intentionally establishing an unfair premium for, or misrepresenting the cost of, any insurance policy financed under a premium finance agreement of an insurance premium finance company.

(Y)(1)(a) Limiting coverage under, refusing to issue, canceling, or refusing to renew, any individual policy or contract of life insurance, or limiting coverage under or refusing to issue any individual policy or contract of health insurance, for the reason that the insured or applicant for insurance is or has been a victim of domestic violence;

(b) Adding a surcharge or rating factor to a premium of any individual policy or contract of life or health insurance for the reason that the insured or applicant for insurance is or has been a victim of domestic violence;

(c) Denying coverage under, or limiting coverage under, any policy or contract of life or health insurance, for the reason that a claim under the policy or contract arises from an incident of domestic violence;

(d) Inquiring, directly or indirectly, of an insured under, or of an applicant for, a policy or contract of life or health insurance, as to whether the insured or applicant is or has been a victim of domestic violence, or inquiring as to whether the insured or applicant has sought shelter or protection from domestic violence or has sought medical or psychological treatment as a victim of domestic violence.

(2) Nothing in division (Y)(1) of this section shall be construed to prohibit an insurer from inquiring as to, or from underwriting or rating a risk on the basis of, a person's physical or mental condition, even if the condition has been caused by domestic violence, provided that all of the following apply:

(a) The insurer routinely considers the condition in underwriting or in rating risks, and does so in the same manner for a victim of domestic violence as for an insured or applicant who is not a victim of domestic violence;

(b) The insurer does not refuse to issue any policy or contract of life or health insurance or cancel or refuse to renew any policy or contract of life insurance, solely on the basis of the condition, except where such refusal to issue, cancellation, or refusal to renew is based on sound actuarial principles or is related to actual or reasonably anticipated experience;

(c) The insurer does not consider a person's status as being or as having been a victim of domestic violence, in itself, to be a physical or mental condition;

(d) The underwriting or rating of a risk on the basis of the condition is not used to evade the intent of division (Y)(1) of this section, or of any other provision of the Revised Code.

(3)(a) Nothing in division (Y)(1) of this section shall be construed to prohibit an insurer from refusing to issue a policy or contract of life insurance insuring the life of a person who is or has been a victim of domestic violence if the person who committed the act of domestic violence is the applicant for the insurance or would be the owner of the insurance policy or contract.

(b) Nothing in division (Y)(2) of this section shall be construed to permit an insurer to cancel or refuse to renew any policy or contract of health insurance in violation of the "Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996," 110 Stat. 1955, 42 U.S.C.A. 300gg-41(b), as amended, or in a manner that violates or is inconsistent with any provision of the Revised Code that implements the "Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996."

(4) An insurer is immune from any civil or criminal liability that otherwise might be incurred or imposed as a result of any action taken by the insurer to comply with division (Y) of this section.

(5) As used in division (Y) of this section, "domestic violence" means any of the following acts:

(a) Knowingly causing or attempting to cause physical harm to a family or household member;

(b) Recklessly causing serious physical harm to a family or household member;

(c) Knowingly causing, by threat of force, a family or household member to believe that the person will cause imminent physical harm to the family or household member.

For the purpose of division (Y)(5) of this section, "family or household member" has the same meaning as in section 2919.25 of the Revised Code.

Nothing in division (Y)(5) of this section shall be construed to require, as a condition to the application of division (Y) of this section, that the act described in division (Y)(5) of this section be the basis of a criminal prosecution.

(Z) Disclosing a coroner's records by an insurer in violation of section 313.10 of the Revised Code.

(AA) Making, issuing, circulating, or causing or permitting to be made, issued, or circulated any statement or representation that a life insurance policy or annuity is a contract for the purchase of funeral goods or services.

(BB) With respect to a health care contract as defined in section 3963.01 of the Revised Code that covers vision or dental services, as defined in that section, including any of the contract terms prohibited under or failing to make the disclosures required under division (E) or (F) of section 3963.02 of the Revised Code.

(CC) With respect to private passenger automobile insurance, charging premium rates that are excessive, inadequate, or unfairly discriminatory, pursuant to division (D) of section 3937.02 of the Revised Code, based solely on the location of the residence of the insured.

The enumeration in sections 3901.19 to 3901.26 of the Revised Code of specific unfair or deceptive acts or practices in the business of insurance is not exclusive or restrictive or intended to limit the powers of the superintendent of insurance to adopt rules to implement this section, or to take action under other sections of the Revised Code.

This section does not prohibit the sale of shares of any investment company registered under the "Investment Company Act of 1940," 54 Stat. 789, 15 U.S.C.A. 80a-1, as amended, or any policies, annuities, or other contracts described in section 3907.15 of the Revised Code.

As used in this section, "estimate," "statement," "representation," "misrepresentation," "advertisement," or "announcement" includes oral or written occurrences.

Last updated August 22, 2024 at 4:18 PM

Section 3901.211 | Lending of money, extension of credit - prohibited acts.

• Effective: April 27, 2005
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 425 - 125th General Assembly

(A)(1) No person may require as a condition precedent to the lending of money or the extension of credit, or any renewal thereof, that the person to whom such money or credit is extended or whose obligation a creditor is to acquire or finance, negotiate any policy or renewal thereof through a particular insurer or group of insurers or agent or group of agents.

(2) No person may reject an insurance policy solely because the policy has been issued or underwritten by a person that is not associated with the person, or an affiliate of the person, rejecting the policy.

(B) No person that lends money or extends credit may do any of the following:

(1) As a condition for extending credit or offering any product or service that is equivalent to an extension of credit, require that a customer obtain insurance from a depository institution or an affiliate of a depository institution, or from a particular insurer, agent, or other person. However, this provision does not prohibit a person from informing a customer or prospective customer that insurance is required in order to obtain a loan or credit, that loan or credit approval is contingent upon the procurement by the customer of acceptable insurance, or that insurance is available from the person or an affiliate of that person.

(2) Unreasonably reject a policy furnished by the customer or borrower for the protection of the property securing the credit or lien. A rejection shall not be deemed unreasonable if it is based on reasonable standards, uniformly applied. Such standards may include, but are not limited to, standards relating to the extent of coverage required and the financial soundness and services of an insurer. Such standards shall not discriminate against any particular type of insurer, nor shall such standards call for the rejection of a policy because it contains coverage in addition to that required in the credit transaction.

(3) Require that any customer, borrower, mortgagor, purchaser, insurer, broker, or agent pay a separate charge in connection with the handling of any policy required as security for a loan on real estate or pay a separate charge to substitute the policy of one insurer for that of another. Division (B)(3) of this section does not apply to the interest that may be charged on premium loans or premium advancements in accordance with the terms of the loan or credit document. Division (B)(3) of this section does not apply to required charges when the person or an affiliate of that person is the licensed agent providing the insurance.

(4) Require any procedures or conditions of duly licensed agents or insurers not customarily required of the agents or insurers affiliated, or in any way connected, with the person that lends money or extends credit;

(5) Use an advertisement or other insurance promotional material that would cause a reasonable person to mistakenly believe that the federal government or the state is responsible for the insurance sales activity of, or stands behind the credit of, the person, depository institution, or an affiliate of the person or depository institution;

(6) Use an advertisement or other insurance promotional material that would cause a reasonable person to mistakenly believe that the federal government or the state guarantees any return on insurance products or is a source of payment on any insurance obligation of or sold by the person or an affiliate of the person;

(7) Pay or receive any commission, brokerage fee, or other compensation as an agent, unless the person holds a valid agent's license for the applicable class of insurance. However, an unlicensed person may make a referral to a licensed agent, provided that the person does not discuss specific insurance policy terms and conditions. The unlicensed person may be compensated for the referral; however, in the case of a referral of a customer, the unlicensed person may be compensated only if the compensation is a fixed dollar amount for each referral that does not depend on whether the customer purchases the insurance product from the licensed agent. Further, any person that accepts deposits from the public in an area where such transactions are routinely conducted in the depository institution may receive for each customer referral no more than a one-time, nominal fee of a fixed dollar amount that does not depend on whether the referral results in a transaction.

(8) Solicit or sell insurance, other than credit insurance or flood insurance, unless the solicitation or sale is completed through documents separate from any credit transactions;

(9) Include the expense of insurance premiums, other than credit insurance premiums or flood insurance premiums, in the primary credit transaction without the express written consent of the customer;

(10) As a condition of financing a residential mortgage or providing other financing arrangements for residential property, including a mobile or manufactured home, require a mortgagor or borrower to purchase homeowners insurance coverage or other residential property insurance coverage in an amount that exceeds the replacement value of the dwelling and its contents, regardless of the amount of mortgage or other financing arrangement entered into by the mortgagor or borrower. The fair market value of the land on which the dwelling is located shall not be included in the replacement value of the dwelling and its contents.

(C)(1) If an application for a loan or extension of credit is pending before a person that lends money or extends credit and that also solicits insurance primarily for personal, family, or household purposes in connection with that loan or extension of credit, that person shall disclose to the customer, in writing, that the insurance related to the credit extension may be purchased from an insurer or agent of the customer's choice, subject only to the lender's right to reject a given insurer or agent as provided in division (B)(2) of this section. Further, the disclosure shall inform the customer that the customer's choice of an insurer or agent will not affect the credit decision or credit terms in any way, except that the person lending money or extending credit may impose reasonable requirements as provided in division (B)(2) of this section.

(2) If an application for a loan or extension of credit is pending before a person that lends money or extends credit and that also solicits insurance primarily for personal, family, or household purposes in connection with that loan or extension of credit, that person shall obtain a written acknowledgement of the receipt of the disclosure at the time the customer receives the disclosure or at the time of the initial purchase of the insurance policy. If the solicitation is conducted by telephone, the person shall obtain an oral acknowledgement of receipt of the disclosure, maintain sufficient documentation to show that the acknowledgement was given by the customer, and make reasonable efforts to obtain a written acknowledgement from the customer. If a customer affirmatively consents to receiving the disclosures electronically and the disclosures are provided in a format that the customer may retain or obtain later, the person may provide the disclosure and obtain acknowledgement of the receipt of the disclosure from the customer using electronic media.

(3) This division does not apply to the offering or sale of limited line credit insurance as defined in section 3905.01 of the Revised Code.

(D)(1) A depository institution that solicits, sells, advertises, or offers insurance, and any person that solicits, sells, advertises, or offers insurance on behalf of a depository institution or on the premises of a depository institution, shall disclose to the customer in writing, where practicable and in a clear and conspicuous manner, prior to a sale, that the insurance:

(a) Is not a deposit;

(b) Is not insured by the federal deposit insurance corporation or any other federal government agency;

(c) Is not guaranteed by the depository institution, and, when applicable, that the insurance is not guaranteed by an affiliate of the depository institution or by any person that is soliciting, selling, advertising, or offering insurance;

(d) Involves investment risk including the possible loss of value, where this disclosure is appropriate.

(2) A depository institution that solicits, sells, advertises, or offers insurance, and any person that solicits, sells, advertises, or offers insurance on behalf of a depository institution or on the premises of a depository institution, shall obtain written acknowledgement of the receipt of the disclosure from the customer at the time the customer receives the disclosure or at the time of the initial purchase of the insurance policy. If the solicitation is conducted by telephone, the person or depository institution shall obtain an oral acknowledgement of receipt of the disclosure, maintain sufficient documentation to show that the acknowledgement was given by the customer, and make reasonable efforts to obtain a written acknowledgement from the customer. If a customer affirmatively consents to receiving the disclosures electronically and the disclosures are provided in a format that the customer may retain or obtain later, the person or depository institution may provide the disclosure and obtain acknowledgement of the receipt of the disclosure from the customer using electronic media.

(3) For purposes of divisions (D)(1) and (2) of this section, an affiliate of a depository institution is subject to these requirements only to the extent that it sells, solicits, advertises, or offers insurance products or annuities at an office of a depository institution or on behalf of a depository institution. These requirements apply only when an individual purchases, applies to purchase, or is solicited to purchase insurance products or annuities primarily for personal, family, or household purposes and only to the extent that a disclosure would be accurate.

(4) For purposes of division (D)(1) of this section, a person is selling, soliciting, advertising, or offering insurance on behalf of a depository institution, whether at an office of the depository institution or another location, if at least one of the following applies:

(a) The person represents to the customer that the sale, solicitation, advertisement, or offer of insurance is by or on behalf of the depository institution;

(b) The depository institution refers a customer to the person that sells insurance and the depository institution has a contractual arrangement to receive commissions or fees derived from the sale of insurance resulting from the referral;

(c) Documents evidencing the sale, solicitation, advertisement, or offer of insurance identify or refer to the depository institution.

(E) Nothing in this section shall prevent a person that lends money or extends credit from placing insurance on real or personal property in the event the mortgagor, borrower, or purchaser has failed to provide required insurance in accordance with the terms of the loan or credit document.

(F)(1) A violation of this section is an unfair and deceptive act or practice in the business of insurance under sections 3901.19 to 3901.26 of the Revised Code.

(2) Any person subject to this section shall, upon reasonable notice, make available to the superintendent of insurance all books and records relating to insurance transactions.

Section 3901.212 | Consumer protection rules.

• Effective: July 21, 2022
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 256 - 134th General Assembly

(A) As used in sections 3901.212 to 3901.213 of the Revised Code, "consumer" means a policyholder, potential policyholder, certificate holder, potential certificate holder, insured, potential insured, or applicant.

(B) The superintendent may adopt rules pursuant to Chapter 119. of the Revised Code to implement the practices set forth in section 3901.213 of the Revised Code to ensure consumer protection. Such regulations, consistent with applicable law, may address all of the following:

(1) Consumer data protections and privacy;

(2) Consumer disclosure;

(3) Unfair discrimination;

(4) Any other matter the superintendent considers pertinent.

Last updated June 8, 2022 at 1:06 PM

Section 3901.213 | Unfair and deceptive practices - exceptions.

• Effective: July 21, 2022
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 256 - 134th General Assembly

Nothing in division (F) or (G) of section 3901.21 or in section 3933.01 of the Revised Code shall be construed as prohibiting any of the following practices:

(A) In the case of any contract of life insurance or life annuity, paying bonuses to policyholders or otherwise abating their premiums in whole or in part out of surplus accumulated from nonparticipating insurance, provided that any such bonuses or abatement of premiums shall be fair and equitable to policyholders and in the best interests of the company and its policyholders;

(B) In the case of life insurance policies issued on the industrial debit plan, making allowance to policyholders who have continuously for a specified period made premium payments directly to an office of the insurer in an amount which fairly represents the saving in collection expenses;

(C) Readjustment of the rate of premium for a group insurance policy based on the loss or expense experience thereunder, at the end of the first or any subsequent policy year of insurance thereunder, which may be made retroactive only for such policy year;

(D)(1) Subject to divisions (D)(2) and (3) of this section, the offer or provision by insurers or producers, by or through employees, affiliates, or third party representatives, of value-added products or services at no or reduced cost when such products or services are not specified in the policy of insurance, if the product or service meets all of the following:

(a) The cost to the insurer or producer offering the product or service to any given consumer is reasonable in comparison to that consumer's premiums or insurance coverage for the policy class.

(b) It relates to the insurance coverage.

(c) It is primarily designed to do one or more of the following:

(i) Provide loss mitigation or loss control;

(ii) Reduce claim costs or claim settlement costs;

(iii) Provide education about liability risks or risk of loss to persons or property;

(iv) Monitor or assess risk, identify risks, or identify risk of loss to persons or property;

(v) Enhance health;

(vi) Enhance financial wellness through items such as education or financial planning services;

(vii) Provide post-loss services;

(viii) Incentivize behavioral changes to improve the health or reduce the risk of death or disability of a consumer;

(ix) Assist in the administration of the employee or retiree benefit insurance coverage.

(d) The product or service is provided along with contact information for the purpose of ensuring the consumer is assisted with questions regarding the product or service, if the insurer or producer is providing the product or service offered.

(2)(a) Value-added products shall not be offered in a manner that is unfairly discriminatory. The availability of value-added products or services shall be based on documented, objective criteria.

(b) The documented criteria shall be maintained by the insurer or producer and shall be provided to the superintendent of insurance upon request.

(3)(a) If an insurer or producer does not have sufficient evidence, but has a good-faith belief that a product or service it wishes to offer meets the criteria prescribed in division (D)(1) of this section, the insurer or producer may provide the product or service in a manner that is not unfairly discriminatory as part of a pilot or testing program for no more than one year.

(b) An insurer or producer shall notify the superintendent of insurance of such a pilot or testing program offered to consumers in this state prior to launching the pilot or testing program and may proceed with the pilot or testing program unless the superintendent objects in writing within twenty-one days of receiving notice.

(E)(1) Subject to divisions (E)(2) and (3) of this section, the offer or gifting of noncash gifts, items, or services, including providing meals to or making charitable donations on behalf of a consumer, in connection with the marketing, sale, purchase, or retention of contracts of insurance, as long as the cost does not exceed an amount determined by the superintendent per policy year per term or calendar year.

(2) The offer shall be made in a manner that is not unfairly discriminatory.

(3) The consumer shall not be required to purchase, continue to purchase, or renew a policy in exchange for the gift, item, or service.

(F)(1) Subject to divisions (F)(2) and (3) of this section, the offer or gifting of non-cash gifts, items, or services, including providing meals to or making charitable donations on behalf of, commercial or institutional consumers in connection with the marketing, sale, purchase, or retention of contracts of insurance, as long as the cost is reasonable in comparison to the premium or proposed premium and the cost of the gift or services is not included in any amounts charged to another person or entity.

(2) The offer shall be made in a manner that is not unfairly discriminatory.

(3) The consumer shall not be required to purchase, continue to purchase, or renew a policy in exchange for the gift, item, or service.

(G) The conducting of raffles or drawings to the extent permitted by state law, so long as the raffle or drawing meets all of the following:

(1) There is no financial cost to entrants to participate.

(2) The drawing or raffle does not obligate participants to purchase insurance.

(3) The drawing or raffle is open to the public.

(4) The raffle or drawing is offered in a manner that is not unfairly discriminatory.

Last updated June 8, 2022 at 1:06 PM

Section 3901.214 | Applicability of prohibition on inducements.

• Effective: July 21, 2022
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 256 - 134th General Assembly

The provisions of sections 3901.213 and 3933.01 of the Revised Code that prohibit a producer or insurer from giving rebates, discounts, gifts, or other valuable consideration as an inducement to insurance do not apply to commercial property and casualty insurance, but do apply to producer commission reductions not included in insurance company rate filings.

Last updated June 8, 2022 at 1:07 PM

Section 3901.215 | Intent to promote innovation and maintain strong consumer protection.

• Effective: July 21, 2022
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 256 - 134th General Assembly

The intent of the general assembly in amending section 3901.21 of the Revised Code and enacting sections 3901.212 and 3901.213 of the Revised Code is to promote innovation in connection with the offering of value-added services while maintaining strong consumer protections.

Last updated June 8, 2022 at 1:07 PM

Section 3901.22 | Hearings on violation - orders - administrative remedies.

• Effective: September 1, 2002
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 129 - 124th General Assembly

(A) The superintendent of insurance may conduct hearings to determine whether violations of section 3901.20 of the Revised Code have occurred. Any person aggrieved with respect to any act that the person believes to be an unfair or deceptive act or practice in the business of insurance, as defined in section 3901.21 or 3901.211 of the Revised Code or in any rule of the superintendent, may make written application to the superintendent for a hearing to determine if there has been a violation of section 3901.20 of the Revised Code. The application shall specify the grounds to be relied upon by the applicant. If the superintendent finds that the application is made in good faith, that the applicant would be so aggrieved if the applicant's grounds are established, and that such grounds otherwise justify holding such a hearing, the superintendent shall hold a hearing to determine whether the act specified in the application is a violation of section 3901.20 of the Revised Code. Notice of any hearing held under the authority of this section, the conduct of the hearing, the orders issued pursuant to it, the review of the orders and all other matters relating to the holding of the hearing shall be governed by Chapter 119. of the Revised Code.

(B) Upon good cause shown, the superintendent shall permit any person to intervene, appear, and be heard at the hearing, either in person or by counsel.

(C) The superintendent shall send a copy of the order to those persons intervening in the hearing.

(D) If the superintendent, by written order, finds that any person has violated section 3901.20 of the Revised Code, the superintendent shall issue an order requiring that person to cease and desist from engaging in the violation. In addition, the superintendent may impose any or all of the following administrative remedies upon the person:

(1) The superintendent may suspend or revoke the person's license to engage in the business of insurance;

(2) The superintendent may order that an insurance company or insurance agency not employ the person or permit the person to serve as a director, consultant, or in any other capacity for such time as the superintendent determines would serve the public interest. No application for termination of such an order for an indefinite time shall be filed within two years of its effective date.

(3) The superintendent may order the person to return any payments received by the person as a result of the violation;

(4) If the superintendent issues an order pursuant to division (D)(3) of this section, the superintendent shall order the person to pay statutory interest on such payments.

If the superintendent does not issue orders pursuant to divisions (D)(3) and (4) of this section, the superintendent shall expressly state in the cease-and-desist order the reasons for not issuing such orders.

(5) The superintendent may order the person to pay to the state treasury for credit to the department's operating fund an amount, not in excess of one hundred thousand dollars, equal to one-half of the expenses reasonably incurred by the superintendent to retain attorneys, actuaries, accountants, and other experts not otherwise a part of the superintendent's staff to assist directly in the conduct of any investigations and hearings conducted with respect to violations committed by the person.

(E) If the superintendent has reasonable cause to believe that an order issued pursuant to division (D) of this section has been violated in whole or in part, the superintendent may, unless such order is stayed by a court of competent jurisdiction, request the attorney general to commence and prosecute any appropriate action or proceeding in the name of the state against the person.

Such action may include, but need not be limited to, the commencement of a class action under Civil Rule 23 on behalf of policyholders, subscribers, applicants for policies or contracts, or other insurance consumers for damages caused by or unjust enrichment received as a result of the violation.

(F) In addition to any penalties imposed pursuant to this chapter, the court may, in an action brought pursuant to division (E) of this section, impose any of the following:

(1) For each act or practice found to be in violation of section 3901.20 of the Revised Code, a civil penalty of not more than three thousand five hundred dollars for each violation but not to exceed an aggregate penalty of thirty-five thousand dollars in any six-month period, provided that a series of similar acts or practices prohibited by section 3901.20 of the Revised Code and committed by the same person but not in separate insurance sales transactions shall be considered a single violation;

(2) For each violation of a cease and desist order issued by the superintendent pursuant to this section, a civil penalty of not more than ten thousand dollars;

(3) In addition to any other appropriate relief, the court may order any or all of the remedies specified in division (D) of this section.

(G) The superintendent, under a settlement agreement to which a person has consented in writing for the purpose of assuring the person's correction of a series of offenses and future compliance with the laws of this state relating to the business of insurance, may impose a single penalty in whatever amount the parties determine to be justified under the circumstances.

(H) A court of common pleas, in a civil action commenced by the attorney general on behalf of the superintendent under Civil Rule 65, may grant a temporary restraining order, preliminary injunction, or permanent injunction to restrain or prevent a violation or threatened violation of any provision of section 3901.20 of the Revised Code, if the court finds that the defendant has violated, is violating, or is threatening to violate such provision, that immediate and irreparable injury, loss, or damage will result if such relief is not granted, and that no adequate remedy at law exists to prevent such irreparable injury, loss, or damage.

(I) If the superintendent's position in initiating a matter in controversy pursuant to this section and section 3901.221 of the Revised Code was not substantially justified, upon motion of the person who prevailed in the hearing or in the appropriate court, if an adjudication order was appealed or a civil action was commenced, the superintendent or the court shall order the department of insurance to pay such person an amount, not in excess of one hundred thousand dollars, equal to one-half of the expenses reasonably incurred by the person in connection with the related proceedings. An award pursuant to this division may be reduced or denied if special circumstances make an award unjust or if the person engaged in conduct that unduly and unreasonably protracted the final resolution of the matter in controversy. If the department does not pay such award or no such funds are available, the award shall be treated as if it were a judgment under Chapter 2743. of the Revised Code and be payable in accordance with the procedures specified in section 2743.19 of the Revised Code, except that interest shall not be paid in relation to the award.

Section 3901.221 | Cease-and-desist orders.

• Effective: October 24, 2024
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 175 - 135th General Assembly

If a violation of section 3901.20 of the Revised Code has caused, is causing, or is about to cause substantial and material harm, the superintendent of insurance may issue an order that the person cease and desist from any activity violating such section. Notice of the order shall be served in accordance with section 119.05 of the Revised Code, immediately after its issuance by the superintendent to the person subject to the order and to all persons known to be involved in the violation. The superintendent may thereafter publicize or otherwise make known to all interested persons that the order has been issued.

The notice shall specify the particular act, omission, practice, or transaction that is subject to the cease and desist order and shall set a date, not more than fifteen days after the date of the cease-and-desist order, for a hearing on the continuation or revocation of the order. The person shall comply with the order immediately upon receipt of notice of the order. The superintendent may, upon the application of a party and for good cause shown, continue the hearing. Chapter 119. of the Revised Code applies to such hearings to the extent that that chapter does not conflict with the procedures set forth in this section. The superintendent shall, within fifteen days after objections are submitted to the hearing officer's report and recommendation, issue a final order either confirming or revoking the cease-and-desist order. The final order may be appealed as provided under section 119.12 of the Revised Code. The remedy under this section is cumulative and concurrent with the remedies available under section 3901.22 of the Revised Code and may be enforced by the attorney general at the request of the superintendent as provided in division (E) of that section.

Last updated August 16, 2024 at 8:23 AM

Section 3901.23 | Self-incrimination.

• Effective: January 9, 1961
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 1 - 104th General Assembly

If any person asks to be excused from attending and testifying or from producing any books, papers, records, correspondence, or other documents at any hearing on the ground that the testimony or evidence required of him may tend to incriminate him or subject him to a penalty or forfeiture and notwithstanding is directed to give such testimony or produce such evidence, he must none the less comply with such direction, but he shall not thereafter be prosecuted or subjected to any penalty or forfeiture for or on account of any transaction, matter, or thing concerning which he may testify or produce evidence pursuant thereto. No testimony so given or evidence produced shall be received against him upon any criminal action, investigation, or proceeding, provided that no such individual so testifying shall be exempt from prosecution or punishment for any perjury committed by him while so testifying. The testimony or evidence so given or produced shall be admissible against him upon any criminal action, investigation, or proceeding concerning such perjury. No such individual so testifying shall be exempt from the refusal, revocation, or suspension of any license, permission, or authority conferred, or to be conferred, pursuant to the insurance law of this state. Any such individual may execute, acknowledge, and file in the office of the superintendent of insurance a statement expressly waiving such immunity or privilege in respect to any transaction, matter, or thing specified in such statement; and thereupon the testimony of such person or such evidence in relation to such transaction, matter, or thing may be received or produced before any judge or justice, court, tribunal, grand jury, or otherwise, and if so received or produced, such individual shall not be entitled to any immunity or privilege on account of any testimony he may so give or evidence so produced.

Section 3901.24 | Unlawful advertising.

• Effective: October 24, 2024
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 175 - 135th General Assembly

No unauthorized foreign or alien insurer shall make, issue, circulate, or cause to be made, issued, or circulated, to residents of this state any estimate, illustration, circular, pamphlet, or letter, or cause to be made in any newspaper, magazine, or other publication or over any radio or television station, any announcement or statement to such residents misrepresenting its financial condition or the terms of any contracts issued or to be issued or the benefits or advantages promised thereby, or the dividends or share of the surplus to be received thereon in violation of sections 3901.19 to 3901.26, inclusive, of the Revised Code. If the superintendent of insurance has reason to believe that an insurer is engaging in such unlawful advertising, the superintendent shall give notice of such fact to the insurer and to the insurance supervisory official of the domiciliary state of the insurer in accordance with section 119.05 of the Revised Code. For the purpose of this section, the domiciliary state of an alien insurer shall be deemed to be the state of entry or the state of the principal office in the United States.

Last updated August 16, 2024 at 8:24 AM

Section 3901.241 | List of top twenty per cent of services and expected contributions.

• Effective: September 29, 2015
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 64 - 131st General Assembly

(A) As used in this section:

(1) "Exchange" has the same meaning as in section 3905.01 of the Revised Code.

(2) "Enrollee's expected contribution" means any portion of the cost of a health service covered by a health benefit plan offered through an exchange that a person enrolled under such a plan would be expected to pay, including any copayments or cost sharing.

(B)(1) An insurer offering a health benefit plan through an exchange shall make available to individuals seeking information on the plan a list of the top twenty per cent of services, according to utilization of health services by individuals insured by the insurer, and an enrollee's expected contribution for each service.

(2) The enrollee's expected contribution for each service shall be provided both for situations in which the enrollee has and has not met any associated deductibles.

(C) A violation of division (B) of this section shall be considered an unfair and deceptive practice in the business of insurance under section 3901.21 of the Revised Code.

Section 3901.25 | Action by superintendent against insurer.

• Effective: February 21, 1967
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 1 - 107th General Assembly

If after thirty days following the giving of the notice mentioned in section 3901.24 of the Revised Code such insurer has failed to cease making, issuing, or circulating such false misrepresentations or causing the same to be made, issued, or circulated in this state, and if the superintendent of insurance has reason to believe that a proceeding by him in respect to such matters would be to the interest of the public, and that such insurer is issuing or delivering contracts of insurance to residents of this state or collecting premiums on such contracts or doing any of the acts enumerated in section 3901.26 of the Revised Code, he shall take action against such insurer under sections 3901.19 to 3901.26, inclusive, of the Revised Code.

Section 3901.26 | Acts by insurer which constitute appointment of superintendent as attorney - service of statement.

• Effective: September 15, 1965
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 126 - 106th General Assembly

(A) Any of the following acts in this state, effected by mail or otherwise, by any such unauthorized foreign or alien insurer; (1) the issuance or delivery of contracts or insurance to residents of this state, (2) the solicitation of applications for such contracts, (3) the collection of premiums, membership fees, assessments, or other considerations for such contracts, or (4) any other transaction of insurance business, is equivalent to and constitutes an appointment by such insurer of the superintendent of insurance and his successor or successors in office, to be its true and lawful attorney, upon whom may be served all statements of charges, notices, and lawful process in any proceeding instituted in respect to the misrepresentations set forth in section 3901.24 of the Revised Code under sections 3901.19 to 3901.26, inclusive, of the Revised Code, or in any action, suit, or proceeding for the recovery of any penalty therein provided, and any such act shall be signification of its agreement that such service of statement of charges, notices, or process is of the same legal force and validity as personal service of such statement of charges, notices, or process in this state, upon such insurer.

(B) Service of a statement of charges and notices under sections 3901.19 to 3901.26, inclusive, of the Revised Code, shall be made by any deputy or employee of the department of insurance delivering to and leaving with the superintendent or some person in apparent charge of his office, two copies thereof. Service of process issued by any court in any action, suit, or proceeding to collect any penalty under said sections, shall be made by delivering and leaving with the superintendent, or some person in apparent charge of his office, two copies thereof. The superintendent shall forthwith cause to be mailed by registered mail one of the copies of such statement of charges, notices, or process to the defendant at its last known principal place of business, and shall keep a record of all statements, charges, notices, and processes so served. Such service of statement of charges, notices, or process shall be sufficient provided they shall have been so mailed and the defendant's receipt or receipt issued by the post office with which the letter is registered, showing the name of the sender of the letter and the name and address of the person to whom the letter is addressed, and the affidavit of the person mailing such letter showing a compliance herewith are filed with the superintendent in the case of any statement of charges or notices, or with the clerk of the court in which such action is pending in the case of any process, on or before the date the defendant is required to appear or within such further time as may be allowed.

(C) Service of statement of charges, notices, and process in any such proceeding, action, or suit shall in addition to the manner provided in division (B) of this section be valid if served upon any person within this state who on behalf of such insurer is (1) soliciting insurance, or (2) making, issuing, or delivering any contract of insurance, or (3) collecting or receiving in this state any premium for insurance; and a copy of such statement of charges, notices, or process is sent within ten days thereafter by registered mail by or on behalf of the superintendent to the defendant at the last known principal place of business of the defendant, and the defendant's receipt, or the receipt issued by the post office with which the letter is registered, showing the name of the sender of the letter, the name and address of the person to whom the letter is addressed, and the affidavit of the person mailing the same showing a compliance herewith, are filed with the superintendent in the case of any statement of charges or notices, or with the clerk of the court in which such action is pending in the case of any process, on or before the date the defendant is required to appear or within such further time as the court may allow.

(D) No cease or desist order or judgment under this section shall be entered until the expiration of thirty days from the date of the filing of the affidavit of compliance.

(E) Service of process and notice under sections 3901.19 to 3901.26, inclusive, of the Revised Code, shall be in addition to all other methods of service provided by law, and nothing in these sections shall limit or prohibit the right to serve any statement of charges, notices, or process upon any insurer in any other manner permitted by law.

Section 3901.27 | Adoption of emergency bylaws.

• Effective: November 11, 1965
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 561 - 106th General Assembly

The board of directors of any domestic insurance company may at any time adopt emergency bylaws, subject to repeal or change by action of those having power to adopt regular bylaws for the company, which shall be operative during an emergency, and which may, notwithstanding any different provisions of the regular bylaws, or of the applicable statutes, or of the company's charter, make any provision reasonably necessary for the operation of the company during the period of such emergency. An emergency shall exist when the president of the United States or the congress of the United States proclaims a national emergency because of an attack on the United States by nuclear or atomic weapons, or similar disaster, or when the governor of this state proclaims an emergency for corporations as described in division (U) of section 1701.01 of the Revised Code.

Section 3901.28 | Provisions effective if no emergency bylaws.

• Effective: November 11, 1965
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 561 - 106th General Assembly

In the event that the board of directors of a domestic insurance company has not adopted emergency bylaws, the following provisions shall become effective upon the occurrence of an emergency as described in section 3901.27 of the Revised Code.

(A) Three directors shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at all meetings of the board.

(B) Any vacancy in the board may be filled by a majority of the remaining directors, though less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director.

(C) If there are no surviving directors, but at least three vice-presidents of the company survive, the three vice-presidents with the longest term of service shall be the directors and shall possess all of the powers of the previous board of directors and such powers as are granted herein or by subsequently enacted legislation. By majority vote, said emergency board of directors may elect other directors. If there are not at least three surviving vice-presidents, the superintendent of insurance or duly designated person exercising the powers of the superintendent shall appoint three persons as directors who shall possess all of the powers of the previous board of directors and such powers as are granted herein or by subsequently enacted legislation, and these directors may, by majority vote, elect other directors.

Section 3901.29 | Succession list.

• Effective: November 11, 1965
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 561 - 106th General Assembly

At any time the board of directors of a domestic insurance company may, by resolution, provide that in the event of an emergency, as described in section 3901.27 of the Revised Code, and in the event of the death or incapacity of the president, the secretary, or the treasurer of the company, such officers or any of them shall be succeeded in the office by the person named or described in a succession list adopted by the board of directors. Such list may be on the basis of named persons or position titles, and shall establish the order of priority and prescribe the conditions under which the powers of the office shall be exercised.

Section 3901.30 | Emergency business location.

• Effective: November 11, 1965
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 561 - 106th General Assembly

At any time, the board of directors of a domestic insurance company may, by resolution, provide that in the event of an emergency, as described in section 3901.27 of the Revised Code, the home office or principal place of business of the company shall be at such location as is named or described in the resolution. Such resolution may provide for alternate locations and establish an order of preference.

Section 3901.31 | Filing statements indicating ownership.

• Effective: June 4, 1997
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 67 - 122nd General Assembly

(A) Every person who is directly or indirectly the beneficial owner of more than ten per cent of any class of any equity security of a domestic stock insurance company which is not a wholly owned subsidiary of an insurance holding company system or who is a director or officer of such company, shall file with the superintendent of insurance within ten days after the person becomes such beneficial owner, director, or officer, a statement in such form as the superintendent of insurance may prescribe, of the amount of all equity securities of such company of which the person is the beneficial owner, and within ten days after the close of each calendar month thereafter, if there has been a change in such ownership during such month, shall file with the superintendent of insurance a statement, in such form as the superintendent of insurance may prescribe, indicating the person's ownership at the close of the calendar month and such changes in the person's ownership as have occurred during such calendar month.

(B) For the purpose of preventing the unfair use of information which may have been obtained by such beneficial owner, director, or officer by reason of the beneficial owner's, director's, or officer's relationship to such company, any profit realized by the beneficial owner, director, or officer from any purchase and sale, or any sale and purchase, of any equity security of such company within any period of less than six months, unless such security was acquired in good faith in connection with a debt previously contracted, shall inure to and be recoverable by the company, irrespective of any intention on the part of such beneficial owner, director, or officer in entering into such transaction of holding the security purchased or of not repurchasing the security sold for a period exceeding six months. Suit to recover such profit may be instituted at law or in equity in any court of competent jurisdiction by the company, or by the owner of any security of the company in the name and in behalf of the company if the company fails or refuses to bring such suit within sixty days after request or fails diligently to prosecute the same thereafter; but no such suit shall be brought more than two years after the date such profit was realized. Division (B) of this section shall not be construed to cover any transaction where such beneficial owner was not such both at the time of purchase and sale, or the sale and purchase, of the security involved, or any transaction or transactions which the superintendent of insurance by rules may exempt as not comprehended within the purpose of division (B) of this section.

(C) No such beneficial owner, director, or officer, directly or indirectly, shall sell any equity security of such company if the person selling the security or the person's principal does not own the security sold, or if owning the security, does not deliver it against such sale within twenty days thereafter, or does not within five days after such sale deposit it in the mails or other usual channels of transportation; but no person shall be deemed to have violated division (C) of this section if the person proves that notwithstanding the exercise of good faith the person was unable to make such delivery or deposit within such time, or that to do so would cause undue inconvenience or expense.

(D) A domestic insurance company having at least fifty shareholders or any other person soliciting proxies with respect to such domestic insurance company shall not solicit voting proxies from any shareholder or other person except upon a proxy statement and pursuant to a notice of meeting, which statement and notice have been submitted to the superintendent of insurance at least ten days prior to being mailed to the intended recipients. Such proxy statement and notice of meeting shall make such disclosures pertinent to the business to be carried on at the meeting or meetings with respect to which such proxies are solicited and such notices are given as the superintendent by rule requires. The superintendent shall retain such proxy material for examination by any interested party for at least one year.

(E) Division (B) of this section does not apply to any purchase and sale, or sale and purchase, and division (C) of this section does not apply to any sale, of an equity security of a domestic stock insurance company not then or theretofore held in an investment account, by a dealer in the ordinary course of the dealer's business and incident to the establishment or maintenance by the dealer of a primary or secondary market for such security. The superintendent of insurance may, by such rules as the superintendent considers necessary or appropriate in the public interest, describe and define the terms and conditions with respect to securities held in an investment account and transactions made in the ordinary course of business and incident to the establishment or maintenance of a primary or secondary market.

(F) Divisions (A), (B), and (C) of this section do not apply to foreign or domestic arbitrage transactions unless made in contravention of such rules as the superintendent of insurance may adopt in order to carry out the purposes of this section.

(G) "Equity security" when used in this section means any stock or similar security; or any security convertible, with or without consideration, into such a security, or carrying any warrant or right to subscribe to or purchase such a security; or any such warrant or right; or any other security which the superintendent of insurance determines to be of similar nature and considers necessary or appropriate, by such rules as the superintendent may prescribe in the public interest or for the protection of investors, to treat as an equity security.

(H) The superintendent of insurance may adopt, amend, and rescind rules, pursuant to Chapter 119. of the Revised Code, which will enable the superintendent to carry out the duties imposed by this section.

(I) This section applies to health insuring corporations in the same manner in which this section applies to domestic stock insurance companies.

Section 3901.32 | Insurance holding company system definitions.

• Effective: July 21, 2022
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 256 - 134th General Assembly

As used in sections 3901.32 to 3901.37 of the Revised Code:

(A) "Affiliate of" or "affiliated with" a specific person means a person that, directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, the person specified.

(B) "Control," including "controlling," "controlled by," and "under common control with," means the possession, direct or indirect, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract other than a commercial contract for goods or nonmanagement services, or otherwise, unless the power is the result of an official position with or corporate office held by the person. Control shall be presumed to exist if any person, directly or indirectly, owns, controls, holds with the power to vote, or holds proxies representing, ten per cent or more of the voting securities of any other person. This presumption may be rebutted by a showing made in the manner provided in division (J) of section 3901.33 of the Revised Code that control does not exist in fact. The superintendent of insurance may determine, after furnishing all persons in interest notice and opportunity to be heard and making specific findings of fact to support such determination, that control exists in fact, notwithstanding the absence of a presumption to that effect.

(C) "Enterprise risk" means any activity, circumstance, event, or series of events involving one or more affiliates of an insurer that, if not remedied promptly, is likely to have a materially adverse effect on the financial condition or liquidity of the insurer or its insurance holding company system as a whole. "Enterprise risk" includes anything that would cause the insurer's risk-based capital to fall into company action level as set forth in section 3903.83 of the Revised Code or would cause the insurer to be in a hazardous financial condition.

(D) "Group capital calculation instructions" means the group capital calculation instructions, as adopted by the national association of insurance commissioners and as amended by the national association of insurance commissioners from time to time in accordance with the procedures adopted by the national association of insurance commissioners.

(E) "Group-wide supervisor" means the regulatory official who is authorized by the superintendent to conduct and coordinate group-wide supervision of an internationally active insurance group and who is determined by the superintendent pursuant to division (A) of section 3901.352 of the Revised Code to have sufficient contacts with the internationally active insurance group.

(F) "Insurance holding company system" means two or more affiliated persons, one or more of which is an insurer.

(G) "Insurer" means any person engaged in the business of insurance, guaranty, or membership, an inter-insurance exchange, a mutual or fraternal benefit society, or a health insuring corporation. "Insurer" does not include any agency, authority, or instrumentality of the United States, its possessions and territories, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the District of Columbia, or a state or political subdivision of a state.

(H) "Internationally active insurance group" means an insurance holding company system that includes an insurer registered under section 3901.33 of the Revised Code and that meets all of the following criteria:

(1) Insurers that are part of the insurance holding company system write premiums in at least three countries.

(2) The percentage of gross premiums written outside the United States by the insurance holding company system is at least ten per cent of the system's total gross written premiums.

(3) Based on a three-year rolling average, either the total assets of the insurance holding company system are at least fifty billion dollars, or the total gross written premiums of the insurance holding company system are at least ten billion dollars.

(I)(1) "Liquidity stress test framework" means a separate national association of insurance commissioners publication which includes all of the following:

(a) A history of the national association of insurance commissioners' development of regulatory liquidity stress testing;

(b) The scope criteria applicable for a specific data year;

(c) The liquidity stress test instructions and reporting templates for a specific data year.

(2) Such scope criteria, instructions, and reporting templates shall be those adopted by the national association of insurance commissioners and as amended by the national association of insurance commissioners from time to time in accordance with the procedures adopted by the national association of insurance commissioners.

(J) "Person" means an individual, a corporation, a partnership, an association, a joint stock company, a trust, an unincorporated organization, any similar entity, or any combination of the foregoing acting in concert.

(K) "Scope criteria" means the designated exposure bases, along with minimum magnitudes thereof for the specified data year, used to establish a preliminary list of insurers considered scoped into the national association of insurance commissioners liquidity stress test framework for that data year.

(L) "Subsidiary" of a specified person is an affiliate controlled by such person, directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries.

(M) "Voting security" includes any security convertible into or evidencing a right to acquire a voting security.

Last updated May 3, 2022 at 1:05 PM

Section 3901.321 | Mergers and acquisitions of domestic insurers.

• Effective: October 24, 2024
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 175 - 135th General Assembly

(A) For the purposes of this section:

(1) "Acquiring party" means any person by whom or on whose behalf a merger or other acquisition of control is to be effected.

(2) "Domestic insurer" includes any person controlling a domestic insurer unless the person, as determined by the superintendent of insurance, is either directly or through its affiliates primarily engaged in business other than the business of insurance.

(3) "Person" does not include any securities broker holding, in the usual and customary broker's function, less than twenty per cent of the voting securities of an insurance company or of any person that controls an insurance company.

(B)(1) Subject to compliance with division (B)(2) of this section, no person other than the issuer shall do any of the following if, as a result, the person would, directly or indirectly, including by means of conversion or the exercise of any right to acquire, be in control of a domestic insurer:

(a) Make a tender offer for any voting security of a domestic insurer;

(b) Make a request or invitation for tenders of any voting security of a domestic insurer;

(c) Enter into any agreement to exchange securities of a domestic insurer;

(d) Seek to acquire or acquire, in the open market or otherwise, any voting security of a domestic insurer;

(e) Enter into an agreement to merge with, or otherwise to acquire control of, a domestic insurer.

(2)(a) No person shall engage in any transaction described in division (B)(1) of this section, unless all of the following conditions are met:

(i) The person has filed with the superintendent of insurance a statement containing the information required by division (C) of this section;

(ii) The person has sent the statement to the domestic insurer;

(iii) The offer, request, invitation, agreement, or acquisition has been approved by the superintendent in the manner provided in division (F) of this section.

(b) The requirements of division (B)(2)(a) of this section shall be met at the time any offer, request, or invitation is made, or any agreement is entered into, or prior to the acquisition of the securities if no offer or agreement is involved.

(3) Any controlling person of a domestic insurer seeking to divest its controlling interest in the domestic insurer shall file a confidential notice of its proposed divestiture with the superintendent at least thirty days prior to the cessation of control, and provide a copy of the confidential notice to the insurer. The superintendent may require the person seeking to divest the controlling interest to file for and obtain approval of the transaction. The information shall remain confidential until the conclusion of the transaction unless the superintendent, in the superintendent's discretion, determines that the confidential treatment will interfere with enforcement of this section. If the statement required by division (B)(2) of this section is otherwise filed with the superintendent in relation to all parties that acquire a controlling interest as a result of the divestiture, this division shall not apply.

(C) The statement required by division (B)(2) of this section shall be made under oath or affirmation, and shall contain all of the following information:

(1) The name and address of each acquiring party;

(2) If the acquiring party is an individual, the individual's principal occupation and all offices and positions held during the past five years, and any conviction of crimes other than minor traffic violations during the past ten years;

(3) If the acquiring party is not an individual, a report of the nature of its business operations during the past five years or for such lesser period as the acquiring party and any of its predecessors shall have been in existence; an informative description of the business intended to be done by the acquiring party and the acquiring party's subsidiaries; and a list of all individuals who are or who have been selected to become directors or executive officers of the acquiring party, who perform or will perform functions appropriate to such positions. The list shall include for each individual the information required by division (C)(2) of this section.

(4) The source, nature, and amount of the consideration used or to be used in effecting the merger or other acquisition of control, a description of any transaction in which funds were or are to be obtained for any such purpose, including any pledge of the domestic insurer's stock, or the stock of any of its subsidiaries or controlling affiliates, and the identity of persons furnishing such consideration;

(5) Fully audited financial information as to the earnings and financial condition of each acquiring party for its preceding five fiscal years, or for such lesser period as the acquiring party and any of its predecessors shall have been in existence, and similar unaudited information as of a date not earlier than ninety days prior to the filing of the statement;

(6) Any plans or proposals which each acquiring party may have to liquidate such domestic insurer, to sell its assets or merge or consolidate it with any person, or to make any other material change in its business or corporate structure or management;

(7) The number of shares of any security of such issuer or such controlling person that each acquiring party proposes to acquire, and the terms of the offer, request, invitation, agreement, or acquisition, and a statement as to the method by which the fairness of the proposal was determined;

(8) The amount of each class of any security of such issuer or such controlling person which is beneficially owned or concerning which there is a right to acquire beneficial ownership by each acquiring party;

(9) A full description of any contracts, arrangements, or understandings with respect to any security of such issuer or such controlling person in which any acquiring party is involved, including but not limited to transfer of any of the securities, joint ventures, loan or option arrangements, puts or calls, guarantees of loans, guarantees against loss or guarantees of profits, division of losses or profits, or the giving or withholding of proxies. The description shall identify the persons with whom such contracts, arrangements, or understandings have been made.

(10) A description of the purchase of any security of such issuer or such controlling person during the year preceding the filing of the statement, by any acquiring party, including the dates of purchase, names of the purchasers, and consideration paid or agreed to be paid therefor;

(11) A description of any recommendations to purchase any security of such issuer or such controlling person made during the year preceding the filing of the statement, by any acquiring party, or by anyone based upon interviews or at the suggestion of the acquiring party;

(12) Copies of all tender offers for, requests, or invitations for tenders of, exchange offers for, and agreements to acquire or exchange any securities of such issuer or such controlling person, and, if distributed, of additional solicitation material relating thereto;

(13) The terms of any agreement, contract, or understanding made with or proposed to be made with any broker or dealer as to solicitation of securities of such issuer or such controlling person for tender, and the amount of any fees, commissions, or other compensation to be paid to brokers or dealers with regard thereto;

(14) With respect to proposed affiliations between depository institutions or any affiliate thereof, within the meaning of Title I, section 104(c) of the "Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act," Pub. L. No. 106-102, 113 Stat. 1338 (1999), and a domestic insurer, the proposed effective date of the acquisition or change of control;

(15) An agreement by the person required to file the statement required by division (B) of this section that the person will provide the annual registration required by division (K) of section 3901.33 of the Revised Code for so long as the person has control of the domestic insurer;

(16) An acknowledgment by the person required to file the statement required by division (B) of this section that the person and all subsidiaries within the person's control in the insurance holding company system will provide information to the superintendent upon request as necessary to evaluate enterprise risk to the insurer;

(17) Such additional information as the superintendent may by rule prescribe as necessary or appropriate for the protection of policyholders of the domestic insurer or in the public interest.

(D)(1) If the person required to file the statement required by division (B)(2) of this section is a partnership, limited partnership, syndicate, or other group, the superintendent may require that the information required by division (C) of this section be furnished with respect to each partner of such partnership or limited partnership, each member of such syndicate or group, and each person that controls such partner or member. If any such partner, member, or person is a corporation, or the person required to file the statement is a corporation, the superintendent may require that the information required by division (C) of this section be furnished with respect to the corporation, each officer and director of the corporation, and each person that is directly or indirectly the beneficial owner of more than ten per cent of the outstanding voting securities of the corporation.

(2) If any material change occurs in the facts set forth in the statement required by division (B)(2) of this section, an amendment setting forth such change, together with copies of all documents and other material relevant to the change, shall be filed with the superintendent by the person subject to division (B)(2) of this section and sent to the domestic insurer within two business days after such person learns of the occurrence of the material change.

(E) If any offer, request, invitation, agreement, or acquisition described in division (B)(1) of this section is proposed to be made by means of a registration statement under the "Securities Act of 1933," 48 Stat. 74, 15 U.S.C.A. 78a, or in circumstances requiring the disclosure of similar information under the "Securities Exchange Act of 1934," 48 Stat. 881, 15 U.S.C.A. 78a, or under a state law requiring similar registration or disclosure, the person required to file the statement required by division (B)(2) of this section may use such documents in furnishing the information required by that statement.

(F)(1) The superintendent shall approve any merger or other acquisition of control described in division (B)(1) of this section unless, after a public hearing, the superintendent finds that any of the following apply:

(a) After the change of control, the domestic insurer would not be able to satisfy the requirements for the issuance of a license to write the line or lines of insurance for which it is presently licensed;

(b) The effect of the merger or other acquisition of control would be substantially to lessen competition in insurance in this state or tend to create a monopoly;

(c) The financial condition of any acquiring party is such as might jeopardize the financial stability of the domestic insurer, or prejudice the interests of its policyholders;

(d) The plans or proposals that the acquiring party has to liquidate the domestic insurer, sell its assets, or consolidate or merge it with any person, or to make any other material change in its business or corporate structure or management, are unfair and unreasonable to policyholders of the domestic insurer and not in the public interest;

(e) The competence, experience, and integrity of those persons that would control the operation of the domestic insurer are such that it would not be in the interest of policyholders of the domestic insurer and of the public to permit the merger or other acquisition of control;

(f) The acquisition is likely to be hazardous or prejudicial to the insurance-buying public.

(2)(a) Chapter 119. of the Revised Code, except for section 119.09 of the Revised Code, applies to any hearing held under division (F)(1) of this section, including the notice of the hearing, the conduct of the hearing, the orders issued pursuant to it, the review of the orders, and all other matters relating to the holding of the hearing, but only to the extent that Chapter 119. of the Revised Code is not inconsistent or in conflict with this section.

(b) The notice of a hearing required under this division shall be transmitted in accordance with sections 119.05 and 119.07 of the Revised Code to the persons and addresses designated to receive notices and correspondence in the information statement filed under division (B)(2) of this section.

(c) The hearing shall be held at the offices of the superintendent within ten calendar days, but not earlier than seven calendar days, of the date of transmission of the notice of hearing by any means, unless it is postponed or continued; but in no event shall the hearing be held unless notice is received at least three days prior to the hearing. The superintendent may postpone or continue the hearing upon receipt of a written request by an acquiring party, or upon the superintendent's motion, provided, however, a hearing in connection with a proposed change of control involving a depository institution or any affiliate thereof, within the meaning of Title I, section 104(c) of the "Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act," Pub. L. No. 106-102, 113 Stat. 1338 (1999), and a domestic insurer, may be postponed or continued only upon the request of an acquiring party, or upon the superintendent's motion when the acquiring party agrees in writing to extend the sixty-day period provided for in section 104(c) of the "Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act," by a number of days equal to the number of days of such postponement or continuance.

(d) For the purpose of conducting any hearing held under this section, the superintendent may require the attendance of such witnesses and the production of such books, records, and papers as the superintendent desires, and may take the depositions of witnesses residing within or without the state in the same manner as is prescribed by law for the taking of depositions in civil actions in the court of common pleas, and for that purpose the superintendent may, and upon the request of an acquiring party shall, issue a subpoena for any witnesses or a subpoena duces tecum to compel the production of any books, records, or papers, directed to the sheriff of the county where such witness resides or is found, which shall be served and returned in the same manner as a subpoena in a criminal case is served and returned. The fees of the sheriff shall be the same as that allowed in the court of common pleas in criminal cases. Witnesses shall be paid the fees and mileage provided for under section 119.094 of the Revised Code. Fees and mileage shall be paid from the fund in the state treasury for the use of the superintendent in the same manner as other expenses of the superintendent are paid. In any case of disobedience or neglect of any subpoena served on any person or the refusal of any witness to testify in any matter regarding which the witness may lawfully be interrogated, the court of common pleas of any county where such disobedience, neglect, or refusal occurs or any judge thereof, on application by the superintendent, shall compel obedience by attachment proceedings for contempt, as in the case of disobedience of the requirements of a subpoena issued from the court or a refusal to testify therein.

In any hearing held under this section, a record of the testimony, as provided by stenographic means or by use of audio electronic recording devices, as determined by the superintendent, and other evidence submitted shall be taken at the expense of the superintendent. The record shall include all of the testimony and other evidence, and rulings on the admissibility thereof, presented at the hearing.

The superintendent shall pass upon the admissibility of evidence, but a party to the proceedings may at that time object to the rulings of the superintendent, and if the superintendent refuses to admit evidence, the party offering the evidence shall proffer the evidence. The proffer shall be made a part of the record of the hearing.

In any hearing held under this section, the superintendent may call any person to testify under oath as upon cross-examination. The superintendent, or any one delegated by the superintendent to conduct a hearing, may administer oaths or affirmations.

In any hearing under this section, the superintendent may appoint a hearing officer to conduct the hearing; the hearing officer has the same powers and authority in conducting the hearing as is granted to the superintendent. The hearing officer shall have been admitted to the practice of law in the state and be possessed of any additional qualifications as the superintendent requires. The hearing officer shall submit to the superintendent a written report setting forth the hearing officer's finding of fact and conclusions of law and a recommendation of the action to be taken by the superintendent. A copy of the written report and recommendation shall, within seven days of the date of filing thereof, be served upon the acquiring party or the acquiring party's attorney or other representative of record in accordance with section 119.05 of the Revised Code. The acquiring party may, within three days of receipt of the copy of the written report and recommendation, file with the superintendent written objections to the report and recommendation, which objections the superintendent shall consider before approving, modifying, or disapproving the recommendation. The superintendent may grant extensions of time to the acquiring party within which to file such objections. No recommendation of the hearing officer shall be approved, modified, or disapproved by the superintendent until after three days following the service of the report and recommendation as provided in this section. The superintendent may order additional testimony to be taken or permit the introduction of further documentary evidence. The superintendent may approve, modify, or disapprove the recommendation of the hearing officer, and the order of the superintendent based on the report, recommendation, transcript of testimony, and evidence, or the objections of the acquiring party, and additional testimony and evidence shall have the same effect as if the hearing had been conducted by the superintendent. No such recommendation is final until confirmed and approved by the superintendent as indicated by the order entered in the record of proceedings, and if the superintendent modifies or disapproves the recommendations of the hearing officer, the reasons for the modification or disapproval shall be included in the record of proceedings.

After the order is entered, the superintendent shall transmit in the manner and by any of the methods set forth in division (F)(2)(b) of this section a certified copy of the order and a statement of the time and method by which an appeal may be perfected. A copy of the order shall be mailed to the attorneys or other representatives of record representing the acquiring party.

(e) An order of disapproval issued by the superintendent may be appealed to the court of common pleas in accordance with section 119.12 of the Revised Code by filing a notice of appeal with the superintendent and a copy of the notice of appeal with the court, within fifteen calendar days after the transmittal of the copy of the order of disapproval. The notice of appeal shall set forth the order appealed from and the grounds for appeal, in accordance with section 119.12 of the Revised Code.

(3) The superintendent may retain at the acquiring party's expense any attorneys, actuaries, accountants, and other experts not otherwise a part of the superintendent's staff as may be reasonably necessary to assist the superintendent in reviewing the proposed acquisition of control.

(G) This section does not apply to either of the following:

(1) Any transaction that is subject to section 3921.14, or sections 3925.27 to 3925.31, 3941.35 to 3941.46, or section 3953.19 of the Revised Code;

(2) Any offer, request, invitation, agreement, or acquisition that the superintendent by order exempts from this section on either of the following bases:

(a) It has not been made or entered into for the purpose and does not have the effect of changing or influencing the control of a domestic insurer;

(b) It is not otherwise comprehended within the purposes of this section.

(H) Nothing in this section or in any other section of Title XXXIX of the Revised Code shall be construed to impair the authority of the attorney general to investigate or prosecute actions under any state or federal antitrust law with respect to any merger or other acquisition involving domestic insurers.

(I) In connection with a proposed change of control involving a depository institution or any affiliate thereof, within the meaning of Title I, section 104(c) of the "Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act," Pub. L. No. 106-102, 113 Stat. 1338 (1999), and a domestic insurer, not later than sixty days after the date of the notification of the proposed change in control submitted pursuant to division (B)(2) of this section, the superintendent shall make any determination that the person acquiring control of the insurer shall maintain or restore the capital of the insurer to the level required by the laws and regulations of this state.

Last updated August 16, 2024 at 8:26 AM

Section 3901.322 | Procedure for violations.

• Effective: March 17, 1989
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 875 - 117th General Assembly

(A) Whenever it appears to the superintendent of insurance that any person has committed or is about to commit a violation of section 3901.321 of the Revised Code or of any rule or order issued by the superintendent under that section, the superintendent may apply to the court of common pleas of the county in which the principal office of the domestic insurer is located, or the court of common pleas of Franklin county if the domestic insurer has no such office in this state, for either or both of the following:

(1) An order enjoining the person from violating or continuing to violate section 3901.321 of the Revised Code or any such rule or order;

(2) Other equitable relief as the nature of the case and the interests of the public or the domestic insurer's policyholders, creditors, and shareholders may require.

(B)(1) No security that is the subject of any agreement or arrangement regarding acquisition, or which is acquired or to be acquired, in contravention of section 3901.321 of the Revised Code or of any rule or order issued by the superintendent under that section may be voted at any shareholder's meeting, or counted for quorum purposes. Any action of shareholders requiring the affirmative vote of a percentage of shares may be taken as though such securities were not issued and outstanding. No action taken at any such meeting shall be invalidated by the voting of such securities, unless the action would materially affect control of the domestic insurer, or unless the courts of this state have so ordered.

(2) If a domestic insurer or the superintendent has reason to believe that any security of the domestic insurer has been or is about to be acquired in contravention of section 3901.321 of the Revised Code or of any rule or order issued by the superintendent under that section, the domestic insurer or the superintendent may apply to the court of common pleas of the county in which the domestic insurer has its principal place of business, or the court of common pleas of Franklin county if the domestic insurer's principal place of business is not in this state, for any or all of the following:

(a) An order enjoining any offer, request, invitation, agreement, or acquisition made in contravention of section 3901.321 of the Revised Code or any rule or order issued by the superintendent under that section;

(b) An order enjoining the voting of any security so acquired;

(c) An order voiding any vote of such security already cast at any meeting of shareholders;

(d) Such other equitable relief as the nature of the case and the interests of the public or the domestic insurer's policyholders, creditors, and shareholders may require.

(C) In any case where a person has acquired or is proposing to acquire any voting securities in violation of section 3901.321 of the Revised Code or any rule or order issued by the superintendent under that section, the court of common pleas of Franklin county or the court of common pleas of the county in which the domestic insurer has its principal place of business may, upon the application of the domestic insurer or the superintendent and such notice as the court finds appropriate, seize or sequester any voting securities of the domestic insurer owned directly or indirectly by such person, and issue an order with respect thereto as may be appropriate to effectuate the purposes of section 3901.321 of the Revised Code.

(D) Notwithstanding any other provisions of law, for the purposes of sections 3901.321 to 3901.323 of the Revised Code, the situs of the ownership of the securities of domestic insurers is deemed to be in this state.

Section 3901.323 | Jurisdiction.

• Effective: March 17, 1989
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 875 - 117th General Assembly

(A) The courts of this state have personal jurisdiction over both of the following:

(1) Every person that is not a resident or domiciliary of, nor authorized to do business in, this state, and that files a statement with the superintendent of insurance under section 3901.321 of the Revised Code;

(2) All actions involving such person arising out of violations of section 3901.321 of the Revised Code.

(B) Each person described in division (A) of this section is deemed to have performed acts equivalent to and constituting an appointment of the superintendent to be his attorney upon whom may be served all process in any action, suit, or proceeding arising out of violations of section 3901.321 of the Revised Code. Copies of all such process shall be served on the superintendent and transmitted by certified mail by the superintendent to such person at his last known address.

Section 3901.33 | Registration; enterprise risk report; group capital calculation; liquidity stress test.

• Effective: July 21, 2022
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 256 - 134th General Assembly

(A) Every insurer that is authorized to do business in this state and that is a member of an insurance holding company system shall register with the superintendent of insurance, except a foreign insurer subject to disclosure requirements and standards adopted by statute or regulation in the jurisdiction of its domicile that are substantially similar to those contained in this section and section 3901.341 of the Revised Code. Every insurer that is subject to registration under this section shall register initially not later than thirty days after it becomes subject to registration, unless the superintendent for good cause shown extends the time for registration, and then within the extended time, and every such insurer shall register annually after its initial registration. The superintendent may require any authorized insurer that is a member of a holding company system that is not subject to registration under this section to furnish a copy of the registration statement or other information filed by the insurance company with the insurance regulatory authority of domiciliary jurisdiction.

(B) Every insurer subject to registration shall file a registration statement with the superintendent on a form and in a format provided by the superintendent, which shall contain current information about all of the following:

(1) The capital structure, general financial condition, ownership, and management of the insurer and any person controlling the insurer;

(2) The identity of every member of the insurance holding company system;

(3) The following agreements in force, relationships subsisting, and transactions currently outstanding between the insurer and its affiliates:

(a) Loans, other investments, or purchases, sales or exchanges of securities of the affiliates by the insurer or of the insurer by its affiliates;

(b) Purchases, sales, or exchanges of assets;

(c) Transactions not in the ordinary course of business;

(d) Guarantees or undertakings for the benefit of an affiliate that result in an actual contingent exposure of the insurer's assets to liability, other than insurance contracts entered into in the ordinary course of the insurer's business;

(e) All management and service contracts and all cost-sharing arrangements;

(f) Reinsurance agreements;

(g) Dividends and other distributions to shareholders;

(h) Consolidated tax allocation agreements.

(4) Any pledge of the insurer's stock, including stock of any subsidiary or controlling affiliate, for a loan made to any member of the insurance holding company system;

(5) If requested by the superintendent, financial statements of an insurance holding company system, including all affiliates. Financial statements may include annual audited financial statements filed with the United States securities and exchange commission pursuant to the "Securities Act of 1933," 48 Stat. 74, 15 U.S.C. 77a, or the "Securities Exchange Act of 1934," 48 Stat. 881, 15 U.S.C. 78a. The insurer may satisfy the request by providing the superintendent with the most recently filed parent corporation financial statements that have been filed with the securities and exchange commission.

(6) Other matters concerning transactions between registered insurers and any affiliates as may be included from time to time in any registration forms adopted or approved by the superintendent;

(7) Statements that the insurer's or its ultimate controlling person's board of directors oversees corporate governance and internal controls and that the insurer's or its ultimate controlling person's officers or senior management have approved, implemented, and continue to maintain and monitor corporate governance and internal control procedures;

(8) Any other information required by the superintendent by rule or regulation.

(C) Each registration statement filed pursuant to division (B) of this section shall summarize the information that has changed from the prior registration statement filed pursuant to that division.

(D) No information need be disclosed on the registration statement filed pursuant to division (B) of this section if the information is not material for the purposes of this section. Unless the superintendent by rule, regulation, or order provides otherwise, sales, purchases, exchanges, loans or extensions of credit, or investments involving one-half of one per cent or less of an insurer's admitted assets as of the thirty-first day of December next preceding shall not be deemed material for the purposes of this section. The definition of materiality provided in this division shall not apply for purposes of the group capital calculation or the liquidity stress test framework.

(E) Each registered insurer shall keep current the information required to be disclosed in its registration statement by reporting all material changes or additions on amendment forms provided by the superintendent within fifteen days after the end of the month in which it learns of each change or addition.

(F) The superintendent shall terminate the registration of any insurer that demonstrates that it no longer is a member of an insurance holding company system.

(G) The superintendent may require or allow two or more affiliated insurers subject to registration under this section to file a consolidated registration statement or consolidated reports amending their consolidated registration statement or their individual registration statements.

(H) The superintendent may allow an insurer that is authorized to do business in this state and that is part of an insurance holding company system to register on behalf of any affiliated insurer that is required to register under division (A) of this section and to file all information and material required to be filed under this section.

(I) This section does not apply to any insurer, information, or transaction if and to the extent that the superintendent by rule, regulation, or order exempts it from this section.

(J) Any person may file with the superintendent a disclaimer of affiliation with any authorized insurer or such a disclaimer may be filed by the insurer or any member of an insurance holding company system. The disclaimer shall fully disclose all material relationships and bases for affiliation between the person and the insurer as well as the basis for disclaiming the affiliation. After a disclaimer has been filed, the insurer shall be relieved of any duty to register or report under this section which may arise out of the insurer's relationship with the person unless and until the superintendent disallows the disclaimer. The superintendent shall disallow such a disclaimer only in the manner provided in Chapter 119. of the Revised Code.

(K) The ultimate controlling person of every insurer subject to registration under this section also shall file an annual enterprise risk report. The report shall be appropriate to the nature, scale, and complexity of the operations of the insurance holding company system and shall, to the best of the ultimate controlling person's knowledge and belief, identify the material risks within the insurance holding company system that could pose enterprise risk to the insurer. The ultimate controlling person shall file the report with the lead state commissioner of the insurance holding company system as determined by the procedures within the financial analysis handbook adopted by the national association of insurance commissioners.

(L)(1)(a) Except as provided below, the ultimate controlling person of every insurer subject to registration shall annually file a group capital calculation as directed by the lead state commissioner. This filing is required not later than June 1, 2023, and on or before the first day of June each year thereafter.

(b) The filing requirements prescribed under division (L) of this section shall not be required by the superintendent prior to June 1, 2023. However, the superintendent may permit filing prior to that date.

(2) The report shall be completed in accordance with the national association of insurance commissioners group capital calculation instructions, which may permit the lead state commissioner to allow a controlling person that is not the ultimate controlling person to file the group capital calculation.

(3) The report shall be filed with the lead state commissioner of the insurance holding company system as determined by the superintendent of insurance in accordance with the procedures within the financial analysis handbook adopted by the national association of insurance commissioners.

(4) Insurance holding company systems described below are exempt from filing the group capital calculation:

(a) An insurance holding company system that has only one insurer within its holding company structure, that only writes business, and is only licensed, in its domestic state, and assumes no business from any other insurer;

(b)(i) An insurance holding company system that is required to perform a group capital calculation specified by the United States federal reserve board.

(ii) The lead state commissioner shall request the calculation from the federal reserve board under the terms of information sharing agreements in effect.

(iii) If the federal reserve board cannot share the calculation with the lead state commissioner, the insurance holding company system is not exempt from the group capital calculation filing.

(c) An insurance holding company system whose non-U.S., group-wide supervisor is located within a reciprocal jurisdiction, as described in section 3901.62 of the Revised Code, that recognizes the United States state regulatory approach to group supervision and group capital;

(d) An insurance holding company system that meets both of the following:

(i) The insurance holding company provides information to the lead state that meets the requirements for accreditation under the national association of insurance commissioners financial standards and accreditation program, either directly or indirectly through the group-wide supervisor, who has determined such information is satisfactory to allow the lead state to comply with the national association of insurance commissioners group supervision approach, as detailed in the national association of insurance commissioners financial analysis handbook.

(ii) The insurance holding company has a non-United States group-wide supervisor that is not in a reciprocal jurisdiction that recognizes and accepts, as specified by the superintendent in rule, the group capital calculation as the world-wide group capital assessment for United States insurance groups who operate in that jurisdiction.

(5) Notwithstanding the provisions of divisions (L)(4)(c) and (d) of this section, a lead state commissioner shall require the group capital calculation for United States operations of any non-United States based insurance holding company system where, after any necessary consultation with other supervisors or officials, it is deemed appropriate by the lead state commissioner for prudential oversight and solvency monitoring purposes or for ensuring the competitiveness of the insurance marketplace.

(6) Notwithstanding the exemptions from filing the group capital calculation stated in divisions (L)(4)(a) to (d) of this section, the lead state commissioner has the discretion to exempt the ultimate controlling person from filing the annual group capital calculation or to accept a limited group capital filing or report in accordance with criteria as specified by the superintendent in rule.

(7) If the lead state commissioner determines that an insurance holding company system no longer meets one or more of the requirements for an exemption from filing the group capital calculation under this section, the insurance holding company system shall file the group capital calculation at the next annual filing date unless given an extension by the lead state commissioner based on reasonable grounds shown.

(8) Until June 1, 2025, an insurance holding company system that does not write business outside the United States is not required to file a group capital calculation.

(M)(1) The ultimate controlling person of every insurer subject to registration and also scoped into the national association of insurance commissioners liquidity stress test framework shall file the results of a specific year's liquidity stress test.

(2) The filing shall be made to the lead state insurance commissioner of the insurance holding company system as determined by the procedures within the financial analysis handbook adopted by the national association of insurance commissioners.

(3)(a) The national association of insurance commissioners liquidity stress test framework includes scope criteria applicable to a specific data year. These scope criteria are reviewed at least annually by the financial stability task force or its successor.

(b) Any change to the national association of insurance commissioners liquidity stress test framework or to the data year for which the scope criteria are to be measured shall be effective on January 1 of the year following the calendar year when such changes are adopted.

(c) Insurers meeting at least one threshold of the scope criteria are considered scoped into the national association of insurance commissioners liquidity stress test framework for the specified data year unless the lead state insurance commissioner, in consultation with the national association of insurance commissioners financial stability task force or its successor, determines the insurer should not be scoped into the framework for that data year.

(d) Insurers that do not trigger at least one threshold of the scope criteria are considered scoped out of the national association of insurance commissioners liquidity stress test framework for the specified data year, unless the lead state insurance commissioner, in consultation with the national association of insurance commissioners financial stability task force or its successor, determines the insurer should be scoped into the framework for that data year.

(e) Regulators wish to avoid having insurers scoped in and out of the national association of insurance commissioners liquidity stress test framework on a frequent basis. The lead state insurance commissioner, in consultation with the financial stability task force or its successor, will assess this concern as part of the determination for an insurer.

(f) The performance of, and filing of the results from, a specific year's liquidity stress test shall comply with the national association of insurance commissioners liquidity stress test framework's instructions and reporting templates for that year and any lead state insurance commissioner determinations, in consultation with the financial stability task force or its successor, provided within the framework.

(N) The failure to file any registration statement or any amendment thereto or enterprise risk report required by this section within the time specified for the filing is a violation of this section.

Last updated June 8, 2022 at 1:08 PM

Section 3901.34 | Transactions to which insurer is a party; dividends and distributions to shareholders.

• Effective: July 21, 2022
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 256 - 134th General Assembly

(A) Transactions within an insurance holding company system to which an insurer subject to registration is a party shall be subject to the following standards:

(1) The terms shall be fair and reasonable.

(2) Charges or fees for services performed shall be reasonable.

(3) Expenses incurred and payment received shall be allocated to the insurer in conformity with customary insurance accounting practices that are consistently applied.

(4) The books, accounts, and records of each party shall be so maintained as to clearly and accurately disclose the precise nature and details of the transactions including such accounting information as is necessary to support the reasonableness of the charges or fees to the respective parties.

(5) The insurer's surplus as regards policyholders following any dividends or distributions to shareholder affiliates shall be reasonable in relation to the insurer's outstanding liabilities and adequate to its financial needs.

(6) Agreements for cost-sharing services and management services shall include such provisions as required by the superintendent of insurance in rule or regulation;

(7) If an insurer subject to sections 3901.32 to 3901.37 of the Revised Code is deemed by the superintendent to be in a hazardous financial condition or a condition that would be grounds for supervision, conservation, or a delinquency proceeding, then the superintendent may require the insurer to secure and maintain either a deposit, held by the superintendent, or a bond, as determined by the insurer at the insurer's discretion, for the protection of the insurer for the duration of the contract or agreement, or the existence of the condition for which the superintendent required the deposit or the bond.

(8) In determining whether a deposit or a bond is required, the superintendent may consider whether concerns exist with respect to the affiliated person's ability to fulfill the contract or agreement if the insurer were to be put into liquidation. Once the insurer is deemed to be in a hazardous financial condition or a condition that would be grounds for supervision, conservation or a delinquency proceeding, and a deposit or bond is necessary, the superintendent has discretion to determine the amount of the deposit or bond, not to exceed the value of the contract or agreement in any one year, and whether such deposit or bond shall be required for a single contract, multiple contracts, or a contract only with a specific person or persons;

(9)(a) All records and data of the insurer held by an affiliate are and remain the property of the insurer, are subject to control of the insurer, are identifiable, and are segregated or readily capable of segregation, at no additional cost to the insurer, from all other persons' records and data. This includes all records and data that are otherwise the property of the insurer, in whatever form maintained, including:

(i) Claims and claim files;

(ii) Policyholder lists;

(iii) Application files;

(iv) Litigation files;

(v) Premium records;

(vi) Rate books;

(vii) Underwriting manuals;

(viii) Personnel records;

(ix) Financial records or similar records within the possession, custody, or control of the affiliate.

(b) At the request of the insurer, the affiliate shall provide that the receiver can:

(i) Obtain a complete set of all records of any type that pertain to the insurer's business;

(ii) Obtain access to the operating systems on which the data is maintained;

(iii) Obtain the software that runs those systems either through assumption of licensing agreements or otherwise;

(iv) Restrict the use of the data by the affiliate if it is not operating the insurer's business.

(c) The affiliate shall provide a waiver of any landlord lien or other encumbrance to give the insurer access to all records and data in the event of the affiliate's default under a lease or other agreement.

(10) Premiums or other funds belonging to the insurer that are collected by or held by an affiliate are the exclusive property of the insurer and are subject to the control of the insurer. Any right of offset in the event an insurer is placed into receivership is subject to Chapter 3903. of the Revised Code.

(B) For the purposes of this section, in determining whether an insurer's surplus as regards policyholders is reasonable in relation to the insurer's outstanding liabilities and adequate to its financial needs, the following factors, among others, may be considered:

(1) The size of the insurer as measured by its assets, capital, surplus, reserves, premium writings, insurance in force, and other appropriate criteria;

(2) The extent to which the insurer's business is diversified among the several lines of insurance;

(3) The number and size of risks insured in each line of business;

(4) The extent of the geographical dispersion of the insurer's insured risks;

(5) The nature and extent of the insurer's reinsurance program;

(6) The quality, diversification, and liquidity of the insurer's investment portfolio;

(7) The recent past and projected future trend in the size of the insurer's surplus as regards policyholders;

(8) The adequacy of the insurer's reserves;

(9) The quality and liquidity of investments in subsidiaries. The superintendent may discount any such investment or treat any investment as a nonadmitted asset for purposes of determining the adequacy of surplus as regards policyholders whenever the investment so warrants.

(10) The quality of the insurer's earnings and the extent to which the reported earnings include extraordinary items;

(11) The surplus as regards policyholders maintained by other comparable insurers in respect of the factors enumerated in this division.

(C) No insurer subject to registration under section 3901.33 of the Revised Code shall pay any extraordinary dividend or make any other extraordinary distribution to its shareholders and the declaration of any such dividend or distribution shall be conditional and shall confer no rights upon shareholders until thirty days after the superintendent has received notice of the declaration thereof and has not within the thirty-day period disapproved the dividend or distribution, or the superintendent has approved the dividend or distribution within the thirty-day period.

Prior to paying any dividend or distribution, the insurer shall notify the superintendent on a form provided by the superintendent for informational purposes within five business days following its declaration of any dividend or distribution and at least ten calendar days prior to payment of such dividend or distribution, such ten-calendar-day period to be measured from the date of the superintendent's receipt of the notice.

For the purposes of this section, an extraordinary dividend or distribution includes any dividend or distribution of cash or other property, whose fair market value, together with that of other dividends or distributions made within the preceding twelve months, exceeds the greater of ten per cent of the insurer's surplus as regards policyholders as of the thirty-first day of December next preceding, or the net income of the insurer for the twelve-month period ending the thirty-first day of December next preceding, but shall not include pro rata distributions of any class of the insurer's own securities.

Any dividend or distribution paid from other than earned surplus shall be considered an extraordinary dividend or extraordinary distribution. For the purposes of this section, "earned surplus" means an amount equal to an insurer's unassigned funds as set forth in its most recent statutory financial statement submitted to the superintendent, including net unrealized capital gains and losses or revaluation of assets.

Last updated June 8, 2022 at 1:08 PM

Section 3901.341 | Prior review of proposed transactions.

• Effective: July 21, 2022
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 256 - 134th General Assembly

(A) No insurer subject to registration under section 3901.33 of the Revised Code shall enter into any of the following transactions with any person in its insurance holding company system, including amendments or modifications of affiliate agreements previously filed under this section that are subject to the materiality standards contained in divisions (A)(1) to (5) of this section, until thirty days after the superintendent of insurance has received, for the superintendent's review, written notice of the insurer's intention to enter into the transaction and if, during that period, the superintendent has not disapproved the proposed transaction. The notice for amendments or modifications shall include the reasons for the change and the financial impact on the domestic insurer. Informal notice shall be reported to the superintendent within thirty days after termination of a previously filed agreement. These requirements shall apply to all of the following transactions:

(1) Any sale, purchase, exchange of assets, loan, extension of credit, guarantee, or investment, if the transaction equals or exceeds, with respect to insurers other than life insurers, the lesser of three per cent of the insurer's admitted assets as of the thirty-first day of December next preceding or twenty-five per cent of the insurer's surplus as regards policyholders as of the thirty-first day of December next preceding or, with respect to life insurers, three per cent of the insurer's admitted assets as of the thirty-first day of December next preceding;

(2) Any loan or extension of credit to any person that is not an affiliate of the insurer, if both of the following apply:

(a) The loan or extension of credit equals or exceeds, with respect to insurers other than life insurers, the lesser of three per cent of the insurer's admitted assets as of the thirty-first day of December next preceding or twenty-five per cent of the insurer's surplus as regards policyholders as of the thirty-first day of December next preceding or, with respect to life insurers, three per cent of the insurer's admitted assets as of the thirty-first day of December next preceding.

(b) The insurer makes the loan or extends the credit with an agreement or understanding that the proceeds of the transaction, in whole or in substantial part, are to be used to make loans or extend credit to, to purchase assets of, or to make investments in, any affiliate of the insurer.

(3) Reinsurance agreements or modifications including all of the following:

(a) All new reinsurance pooling agreements;

(b) All reinsurance pooling agreements in which a domestic company is newly added;

(c) Agreements in which the reinsurance premium or the change in the insurer's liabilities, or the projected reinsurance premium or a change in the insurer's liabilities in any of the next three years, equals or exceeds five per cent of the insurer's surplus as regards policyholders as of the thirty-first day of December next preceding.

Division (A)(3) of this section also applies to reinsurance agreements that may require as consideration the transfer of assets from an insurer to a nonaffiliate, if the insurer and nonaffiliate have an agreement or understanding that any portion of the assets will be transferred to one or more affiliates of the insurer.

(4) All management agreements, service contracts, tax allocations agreements, and cost-sharing arrangements;

(5) Any other material transaction that the superintendent, pursuant to rules adopted in accordance with Chapter 119. of the Revised Code, determines may render the insurer's surplus as regards policyholders unreasonable in relation to the insurer's outstanding liabilities and inadequate to its financial needs.

(B) In reviewing transactions under division (A) of this section, the superintendent shall consider whether the terms of the transaction are fair and reasonable and whether the transaction may adversely affect the interests of policyholders.

(C) Any transaction or agreement described in division (A) of this section that is not disapproved by the superintendent in accordance with that division is effective as of the effective date set forth in the notice required under this section.

(D) The superintendent, pursuant to rules adopted in accordance with Chapter 119. of the Revised Code, may designate certain types of transactions that need not be submitted for review under division (A) of this section, if those transactions would not have a significant impact on the financial condition of an insurer.

(E) A domestic insurer shall not enter into any transaction described in division (A) of this section with members of its insurance holding company system if the transaction is part of a plan or series of similar transactions and if the purpose of entering into the separate transactions is to avoid the review required under division (A) of this section that would otherwise occur. If the superintendent determines that the insurer, within a twelve-month period, entered into those separate transactions for that purpose, the superintendent may take any action authorized by section 3901.37 of the Revised Code.

(F) A domestic insurer shall give written notice to the superintendent, within thirty days after making an investment, if the investment is made in a corporation and the total investment in the corporation by the insurance holding company system exceeds ten per cent of the voting securities of the corporation.

(G) Any affiliate that is party to an agreement or contract with a domestic insurer that is subject to division (A)(4) of this section shall be subject to the jurisdiction of any supervision, seizure, conservatorship, or receivership proceedings against the insurer and to the authority of any supervisor, conservator, rehabilitator, or liquidator for the insurer appointed pursuant to Chapter 3903. of the Revised Code for the purpose of interpreting, enforcing, and overseeing the affiliate's obligations under the agreement or contract to perform services for the insurer that are either of the following:

(1) An integral part of the insurer's operations, including management, administrative, accounting, data processing, marketing, underwriting, claims handling, investment, or any other similar functions;

(2) Essential to the insurer's ability to fulfill its obligations under insurance policies.

(H) Nothing in division (A) of this section shall be construed to authorize or permit any transaction that would otherwise be contrary to law.

Last updated May 3, 2022 at 1:08 PM

Section 3901.35 | Requiring production of records.

• Effective: September 4, 2014
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 140 - 130th General Assembly

(A)(1) In addition to the powers that the superintendent has under sections 3901.01 to 3901.31 of the Revised Code, relating to the examination of insurers, the superintendent of insurance, subject to sections 119.01 to 119.13 of the Revised Code, shall also have the power to examine any insurer registered under section 3901.33 of the Revised Code and its affiliates to ascertain the financial condition of the insurer, including the enterprise risk to the insurer by the ultimate controlling party, or by any entity or combination of entities within the insurance holding company system, or by the insurance holding company system on a consolidated basis.

(2) The superintendent of insurance may order any insurer registered under section 3901.33 of the Revised Code to produce such records, books, or other information papers in the possession of the insurer and its affiliates as may be reasonably necessary to determine compliance with sections 3901.32 to 3901.37 of the Revised Code.

(3) To determine compliance with sections 3901.32 to 3901.37 of the Revised Code, the superintendent may order any insurer registered under section 3901.33 of the Revised Code to produce information not in the possession of the insurer if the insurer can obtain access to such information pursuant to a contractual relationship, statutory obligation, or other method. If the insurer cannot obtain the information requested by the superintendent, the insurer shall provide the superintendent a detailed explanation of the reason that the insurer cannot obtain the information and the identity of the holder of information. Whenever it appears to the superintendent that the detailed explanation is without merit, the superintendent may require, after notice and hearing, that the insurer pay a penalty of up to five hundred dollars per day, or the superintendent may suspend or revoke the insurer's license.

(B) The superintendent may retain at the registered insurer's expense such attorneys, actuaries, accountants, and other experts not otherwise a part of the superintendent's staff as shall be reasonably necessary to assist in the conduct of the examination under division (A) of this section. Any persons so retained shall be under the direction and control of the superintendent and shall act in a purely advisory capacity.

(C) Each registered insurer producing for examination records, books, and papers pursuant to division (A) of this section shall be liable for and shall pay the expense of such examination in accordance with section 3901.07 of the Revised Code.

(D) If the insurer fails to comply with an order issued pursuant to this section, the superintendent may examine the affiliates to obtain the information. The superintendent also may issue subpoenas, administer oaths, and examine under oath any person for purposes of determining compliance with this section. Upon the failure or refusal of any person to obey a subpoena, the superintendent may petition the court of common pleas of Franklin county for an order compelling the witness to appear and testify or produce documentary evidence. Failure to obey the court order shall be punishable as contempt of court. A person who receives a subpoena issued pursuant to this division shall appear as a witness at the place specified in the subpoena within the state. The person is entitled to the same fees and mileage as a witness in a civil action in the court of common pleas. Any fees, mileage, or actual expenses necessarily incurred in securing the attendance of a witness and their testimony shall be itemized and charged against the insurer being examined.

Section 3901.351 | Participation in supervisory college.

• Effective: September 4, 2014
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 140 - 130th General Assembly

(A) With respect to any insurer registered under section 3901.33 of the Revised Code and in accordance with division (C) of this section, the superintendent of insurance may participate in a supervisory college for any domestic insurer that is part of an insurance holding company system with international operations in order to determine compliance by the insurer with sections 3901.32 to 3901.37 of the Revised Code. In participating, the superintendent may do all of the following:

(1) Initiate the establishment of a supervisory college;

(2) Clarify the membership and participation of other supervisors in the supervisory college;

(3) Clarify the functions of the supervisory college and the role of other regulators, including the establishment of a group-wide supervisor;

(4) Coordinate the ongoing activities of the supervisory college, including planning meetings, supervisory activities, and processes for information sharing;

(5) Establish a crisis management plan.

(B) Each registered insurer subject to this section shall be liable for and shall pay the reasonable expenses of the superintendent's participation in a supervisory college in accordance with division (C) of this section, including reasonable travel expenses. The superintendent may establish a regular assessment to the insurer for the payment of these expenses. A supervisory college may be convened as either a temporary or permanent forum for communication and cooperation between the regulators charged with the supervision of the insurer or its affiliates.

(C) In order to assess the business strategy, financial position, legal and regulatory position, risk exposure, risk management, and governance processes, and as part of the examination of individual insurers in accordance with section 3901.35 of the Revised Code, the superintendent may participate in a supervisory college with other regulators charged with supervision of the insurer or its affiliates, including other state, federal, and international regulatory agencies. The superintendent may enter into agreements in accordance with section 3901.36 of the Revised Code that provide the basis for cooperation between the superintendent and the other regulatory agencies, and the activities of the supervisory college.

(D) Nothing in this section shall delegate to the supervisory college the authority of the superintendent to regulate or supervise the insurer or its affiliates within its jurisdiction.

(E) As used in this section, "supervisory college" means a forum for cooperation and communication between the involved supervisors established for the fundamental purpose of facilitating all of the following:

(1) The effectiveness of supervision of entities that belong to an insurance group;

(2) The supervision of the insurance group as a whole on a group-wide basis;

(3) Improving the legal entity supervision of the entities within the insurance group.

Section 3901.352 | Group-wide supervisor for internationally active insurance group.

• Effective: June 21, 2018
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 169 - 132nd General Assembly

(A)(1) The superintendent of insurance is authorized to act as the group-wide supervisor for any internationally active insurance group in accordance with this section. However, the superintendent may otherwise acknowledge a regulatory official from another jurisdiction as the group-wide supervisor for an internationally active insurance group, if the group meets any of the following conditions:

(a) Does not have substantial insurance operations in the United States;

(b) Has substantial operations in the United States, but not in this state;

(c) Has substantial insurance operations in the United States and this state, but the superintendent has determined pursuant to the factors set forth in divisions (B) and (F) of this section that the other regulatory official is the appropriate group-wide supervisor.

(2) An insurance holding company system that does not otherwise qualify as an internationally active insurance group may request that the superintendent make a determination or acknowledgment as to a group-wide supervisor for the insurance holding company system pursuant to this section.

(B)(1) In cooperation with other state, federal, and international regulatory agencies, the superintendent shall identify one group-wide supervisor for each internationally active insurance group. The superintendent may determine that the superintendent is the appropriate group-wide supervisor for an internationally active insurance group that conducts substantial insurance operations concentrated in this state. However, the superintendent may acknowledge that a regulatory official from another jurisdiction is the appropriate group-wide supervisor for the internationally active insurance group. The superintendent shall consider the following factors when making a determination or acknowledgment under division (B)(1) of this section:

(a) The place of domicile of the insurers within the internationally active insurance group that hold the largest share of the group's written premiums, assets, or liabilities;

(b) The place of domicile of the top-tiered insurer in the internationally active insurance group's insurance holding company system;

(c) The location of the executive offices or largest operational offices of the internationally active insurance group;

(d) For the purposes of division (C)(1) of this section, whether another regulatory official is acting or is seeking to act as the group-wide supervisor for the internationally active insurance group under a regulatory system that the superintendent determines to be either of the following:

(i) Substantially similar to the regulatory system under the laws of this state;

(ii) Otherwise sufficient in terms of providing for group-wide supervision, enterprise risk analysis, and cooperation with other regulatory officials.

(e) Whether another regulatory official acting, or seeking to act, as the group-wide supervisor for the internationally active insurance group provides the superintendent with reasonably reciprocal recognition and cooperation.

(2) If the superintendent is identified in division (B)(1) of this section as the group-wide supervisor of an internationally active insurance group, the superintendent may determine that it is appropriate to acknowledge another supervisor to serve as the group-wide supervisor. The acknowledgment of the new group-wide supervisor shall be made in accordance with all of the following:

(a) After consideration of the factors listed in division (B)(1) of this section;

(b) In cooperation with and subject to the acknowledgment of other regulatory officials involved with supervision of members of the internationally active insurance group;

(c) In consultation with the internationally active insurance group.

(C)(1) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, when another regulatory official is acting as the group-wide supervisor of an internationally active insurance group, the superintendent shall acknowledge that regulatory official as the group-wide supervisor.

(2) The superintendent shall make a determination or acknowledgment under division (B) of this section as to the appropriate group-wide supervisor for an internationally active insurance group if a material change in the internationally active insurance group results in either of the following:

(a) The internationally active insurance group's insurers domiciled in this state holding the largest share of the group's premiums, assets, or liabilities;

(b) This state being the place of domicile of the top-tiered insurer in the internationally active insurance group's insurance holding company system.

(D)(1) Pursuant to section 3901.35 of the Revised Code, the superintendent may collect from any insurer registered under section 3901.33 of the Revised Code all information necessary to determine whether the superintendent may act as the group-wide supervisor of an internationally active insurance group or if the superintendent may acknowledge another regulatory official to act as the group-wide supervisor.

(2) Prior to issuing a determination that an internationally active insurance group is subject to group-wide supervision by the superintendent, the superintendent shall notify the insurer registered under section 3901.33 of the Revised Code and the ultimate controlling person within the internationally active insurance group. The superintendent shall give the internationally active insurance group not less than thirty days to provide the superintendent with additional information pertinent to the pending determination.

(3) The superintendent shall publish on its internet web site the identity of internationally active insurance groups that the superintendent has determined are subject to group-wide supervision by the superintendent.

(E) If the superintendent is the group-wide supervisor for an internationally active insurance group, the superintendent may engage in any of the following activities:

(1) Assess the enterprise risks within the internationally active insurance group to ensure all of the following:

(a) That the material financial condition and liquidity risks to members of the internationally active insurance group that are engaged in the business of insurance are identified by management;

(b) That reasonable and effective mitigation measures are in place.

(2) Request from any member of an internationally active insurance group subject to the superintendent's supervision information necessary and appropriate to assess enterprise risk, including information about the members of the internationally active insurance group regarding all of the following:

(a) Governance, risk assessment, and management;

(b) Capital adequacy;

(c) Material intercompany transactions.

(3) Coordinate and, through the authority of the regulatory officials of the jurisdictions in which members of the internationally active insurance group are domiciled, compel development and implementation of reasonable measures designed to ensure that the internationally active insurance group is able to timely recognize and mitigate enterprise risks to members of the internationally active insurance group that are engaged in the business of insurance;

(4) Communicate with other state, federal, and international regulatory agencies for members of the internationally active insurance group and share relevant information, subject to the confidentiality provisions of section 3901.36 of the Revised Code, through a supervisory college as set forth in section 3901.351 of the Revised Code or otherwise;

(5) Enter into agreements with or obtain documentation from any insurer registered under section 3901.33 of the Revised Code, any member of the internationally active insurance group, and any other state, federal, and international regulatory agency for members of the internationally active insurance group, that provides the basis for or otherwise clarifies the superintendent's role as group-wide supervisor. The agreements or documentation may include provisions for resolving disputes with other regulatory officials. The agreements or documentation shall not serve as evidence in any proceeding to show that any insurer or person within an insurance holding company system not domiciled or incorporated in this state is doing business in this state or is otherwise subject to jurisdiction in this state.

(6) Any other group-wide supervision activities consistent with this section that the superintendent considers necessary.

(F) If the superintendent acknowledges that another regulatory official from a jurisdiction that is not accredited by the national association of insurance commissioners is the group-wide supervisor of an internationally active insurance group, the superintendent may reasonably cooperate, through a supervisory college as set forth in section 3901.351 of the Revised Code or otherwise, with group-wide supervision undertaken by the group-wide supervisor if all of the following are true:

(1) The superintendent's cooperation is in compliance with the Revised Code.

(2) The regulatory official also recognizes and cooperates with the superintendent's activities as a group-wide supervisor for other internationally active insurance groups, as applicable. If such recognition and cooperation is not reasonably reciprocal, the superintendent may refuse to recognize and cooperate with the regulatory official as group-wide supervisor.

(G) The superintendent may enter into agreements with or obtain documentation from any insurer registered under section 3901.33 of the Revised Code, any affiliate of the insurer, and other state, federal, and international regulatory agencies for members of the internationally active insurance group that provides the basis for or otherwise clarifies a regulatory official's role as group-wide supervisor of an internationally active insurance group.

(H) An insurer registered under section 3901.33 of the Revised Code shall be liable for and shall pay the reasonable expenses of the superintendent's participation in the administration of this section, including engaging attorneys, actuaries, and any other professionals and all reasonable travel expenses.

(I) The superintendent may adopt rules in accordance with Chapter 119. of the Revised Code as necessary to implement this section.

Section 3901.36 | Confidential and privileged treatment of documents and information - exceptions.

• Effective: October 24, 2024
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 175 - 135th General Assembly

(A)(1) Documents, materials, or other information in the possession or control of the department of insurance that are obtained by or disclosed to the superintendent of insurance or any other person in the course of an examination or investigation made pursuant to section 3901.35 of the Revised Code, all information reported pursuant to divisions (C)(2), (3), and (5) of section 3901.321 of the Revised Code, and all information reported pursuant to section 3901.33 of the Revised Code are recognized by this state as being proprietary and to contain trade secrets and shall be given confidential and privileged treatment and shall not be subject to section 149.43 of the Revised Code, subpoena, or discovery, and shall not be admissible in evidence in any private civil action. The superintendent shall not make the documents, materials, or other information public unless one of the following applies:

(a) The superintendent uses the documents, materials, or other information in furtherance of any regulatory or legal action brought as a part of the superintendent's official duties.

(b) The superintendent has obtained the prior written consent of the insurer pertaining to the disclosure of the documents, materials, or other information of the insurer.

(c) The superintendent, after giving the insurer and those affiliates that are the subject of the documents, materials, or other information notice and an opportunity to be heard in accordance with Chapter 119. of the Revised Code, determines that the interests of policyholders, shareholders, or the public will be served by the disclosure, in which case the superintendent may make disclosures as the superintendent considers appropriate.

(2) For purposes of the information reported and provided to the superintendent of insurance pursuant to the group capital calculation requirements prescribed in division (L) of section 3901.33 of the Revised Code, the superintendent shall maintain the confidentiality of the group capital calculation and group capital ratio produced within the calculation and any group capital information received from an insurance holding company supervised by the United States federal reserve board or any United States group-wide supervisor.

(3) For purposes of the information reported and provided to the superintendent of insurance pursuant to the liquidity stress test requirements prescribed in division (M) of section 3901.33 of the Revised Code, the superintendent shall maintain the confidentiality of the liquidity stress test results and supporting disclosures and any liquidity stress test information received from an insurance holding company supervised by the United States federal reserve board and non-United States group-wide supervisors.

(B) Neither the superintendent nor any person who receives documents, materials, or other information while acting under the authority of the superintendent or with whom such documents, materials, or other information are shared pursuant to this section shall be permitted or required to testify in any private civil action concerning any confidential documents, materials, or information subject to division (A) of this section.

(C) In order to assist in the performance of the superintendent's duties under this section, the superintendent may do either of the following:

(1) Share documents, materials, or other information, including the confidential and privileged documents, materials, or other information subject to division (A) of this section, including proprietary and trade secret documents and materials, with other local, state, federal, and international regulatory and law enforcement agencies, with the national association of insurance commissioners, with third-party consultants designated by the superintendent, and with members of any supervisory college described in section 3901.351 of the Revised Code, provided that the recipient agrees to maintain the confidential or privileged status of the confidential or privileged documents, materials, or other information and has verified in writing the legal authority to do so. The superintendent may share confidential and privileged documents, materials, or other information reported pursuant to section 3901.33 of the Revised Code only with superintendents of states having statutes or regulations substantially similar to division (A) of this section and who have agreed in writing not to disclose such information.

(2) Receive documents, materials, or information, including otherwise confidential and privileged documents, materials, or information, including proprietary and trade-secret information, from the national association of insurance commissioners and its affiliates and subsidiaries and from regulatory and law enforcement officials of other foreign or domestic jurisdictions. The superintendent shall maintain as confidential or privileged any such document, material, or information received with notice or the understanding that it is confidential or privileged under the laws of the jurisdiction that is the source of the document, material, or information.

(D) The superintendent shall enter into written agreements with the national association of insurance commissioners, and any third-party consultant designated by the superintendent, governing sharing and use of information provided pursuant to sections 3901.32 to 3901.37 of the Revised Code consistent with division (C) of this section. The written agreements shall do all of the following:

(1) Specify procedures and protocols regarding the confidentiality and security of information shared with the national association of insurance commissioners or a third-party consultant designated by the superintendent pursuant to sections 3901.32 to 3901.37 of the Revised Code, including procedures and protocols for sharing by the national association of insurance commissioners with other state, federal, or international regulators. The agreement shall provide that the recipient agrees in writing to maintain the confidentiality and privileged status of the documents, materials, or other information and has verified in writing the legal authority to maintain such confidentiality.

(2) Specify that ownership of information shared with the national association of insurance commissioners or a third-party consultant pursuant to sections 3901.32 to 3901.37 of the Revised Code remains with the superintendent and the national association of insurance commissioners' or a third-party consultant's, as designated by the superintendent, use of the information is subject to the direction of the superintendent;

(3)(a) Prohibit the national association of insurance commissioners or third-party consultant designated by the superintendent from storing the information shared pursuant to this section in a permanent database after the underlying analysis is completed;

(b) Division (D)(3)(a) of this section does not apply to documents, material, or information reported pursuant to the liquidity stress test requirements prescribed in division (M) of section 3901.33 of the Revised Code.

(4) Require prompt notice to be given to an insurer whose confidential information is in the possession of the national association of insurance commissioners or a third-party consultant designated by the superintendent pursuant to this section is subject to a request or subpoena to the national association of insurance commissioners or a third-party consultant designated by the superintendent for disclosure or production;

(5) Require the national association of insurance commissioners or a third-party consultant designated by the superintendent to consent to intervention by an insurer in any judicial or administrative action in which the national association of insurance commissioners or a third-party consultant designated by the superintendent may be required to disclose confidential information about the insurer shared with the national association of insurance commissioners or a third-party consultant pursuant to sections 3901.32 to 3901.37 of the Revised Code;

(6) For documents, material, or information reporting pursuant to the liquidity stress test requirements prescribed in division (M) of section 3901.33 of the Revised Code, in the case of an agreement involving a third-party consultant, provide for notification of the identity of the consultant to the applicable insurers.

(E) The sharing of information by the superintendent pursuant to sections 3901.32 to 3901.37 of the Revised Code shall not constitute a delegation of regulatory or rule-making authority. The superintendent is solely responsible for the administration, execution, and enforcement of the provisions of sections 3901.32 to 3901.37 of the Revised Code.

(F) No waiver of any applicable privilege or claim of confidentiality in the documents, materials, or other information described in this section shall occur as a result of sharing or receiving documents and information as authorized in division (C) of this section.

(G) Documents, materials, or other information in the possession or control of the national association of insurance commissioners or a third-party consultant designated by the superintendent pursuant to this section shall be given confidential and privileged treatment and shall not be subject to section 149.43 of the Revised Code, subpoena, or discovery, and shall not be admissible in evidence in any private civil action.

(H) The group capital calculation and resulting group capital ratio required under division (L) of section 3901.33 of the Revised Code and the liquidity stress test along with its results and supporting disclosures required under division (M) of section 3901.33 of the Revised Code are regulatory tools for assessing group risks and capital adequacy and group liquidity risks, respectively, and are not intended as a means to rank insurers or insurance holding company systems generally.

Therefore, except as otherwise may be required under the provisions of sections 3901.31 to 3901.37 of the Revised Code, the making, publishing, disseminating, circulating, or placing before the public, or causing directly or indirectly to be made, published, disseminated, circulated, or placed before the public in a newspaper, magazine or other publication, or in the form of a notice, circular, pamphlet, letter, or poster, or over any radio or television station or any electronic means of communication available to the public, or in any other way as an advertisement, announcement, or statement containing a representation or statement with regard to the group capital calculation, group capital ratio, the liquidity stress test results, or supporting disclosures for the liquidity stress test of any insurer or any insurer group, or of any component derived in the calculation by any insurer, broker, or other person engaged in any manner in the insurance business would be misleading and is therefore prohibited; provided, however, that if any materially false statement with respect to the group capital calculation, resulting group capital ratio, an inappropriate comparison of any amount to an insurer's or insurance group's group capital calculation or resulting group capital ratio, liquidity stress test result, supporting disclosures for the liquidity stress test, or an inappropriate comparison of any amount to an insurer's or insurance group's liquidity stress test result or supporting disclosures is published in any written publication and the insurer is able to demonstrate to the superintendent with substantial proof the falsity of such statement or the inappropriateness, as the case may be, then the insurer may publish announcements in a written publication if the sole purpose of the announcement is to rebut the materially false statement.

Last updated August 16, 2024 at 8:27 AM

Section 3901.37 | Suspension, revocation or refusal to renew license - civil forfeiture.

• Effective: October 1, 1993
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 136 - 120th General Assembly

(A) Whenever it appears to the superintendent of insurance that any person has committed a violation of section 3901.33, 3901.34, 3901.341, or 3901.35 of the Revised Code, which makes the continued operation of an insurer contrary to the interests of policyholders or the public, the superintendent may, subject to Chapter 119. of the Revised Code, suspend, revoke, or refuse to renew such insurer's license or authority to do business in this state for such period as he finds is required for the protection of policyholders or the public.

(B) Whenever an extraordinary dividend is paid in knowing violation of division (C) of section 3901.34 of the Revised Code, the superintendent may, subject to Chapter 119. of the Revised Code, cause the insurer to pay a civil forfeiture of not more than two hundred fifty thousand dollars, to be paid to the state treasury to the credit of the department of insurance operating fund. Each payment of an extraordinary dividend made in violation of division (C) of section 3901.34 of the Revised Code may be considered a separate offense.

Section 3901.371 | Purpose of sections 3901.371 to 3901.378.

• Effective: January 1, 2015
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 140 - 130th General Assembly

The purpose of sections 3901.371 to 3901.378 of the Revised Code is to provide the requirements for maintaining a risk management framework and completing an own risk and solvency assessment, and to provide guidance and instructions for filing an own risk and solvency assessment summary report with the superintendent of insurance. The requirements of these sections shall apply to all insurers domiciled in this state unless exempt pursuant to section 3901.376 of the Revised Code.

The general assembly finds and declares that the own risk and solvency assessment summary report will contain confidential and sensitive information related to an insurer or insurance group's identification of risks material and relevant to the insurer or insurance group filing the report. This information will include proprietary and trade secret information that has the potential for harm and competitive disadvantage to the insurer or insurance group if the information is made public. It is the intent of the general assembly that the own risk and solvency assessment summary report shall be a confidential document filed with the superintendent, that the own risk and solvency assessment summary report will be shared only as stated in sections 3901.371 to 3901.378 of the Revised Code to assist the superintendent of insurance in the performance of the superintendent's duties, and that in no event shall the own risk and solvency assessment summary report be subject to public disclosure.

Section 3901.372 | Definitions.

• Effective: January 1, 2015
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 140 - 130th General Assembly

For the purposes of sections 3901.371 to 3907.378 of the Revised Code:

(A) "Insurance group" means those insurers and affiliates included within an insurance holding company system as defined in section 3901.32 of the Revised Code.

(B) "Insurer" has the same meaning as set forth in section 3901.32 of the Revised Code.

(C) "Own risk and solvency assessment" means a confidential internal assessment, appropriate to the nature, scale, and complexity of an insurer or insurance group, conducted by that insurer or insurance group of the material and relevant risks associated with the insurer or insurance group's current business plan, and the sufficiency of capital resources to support those risks.

(D) "Own risk and solvency assessment guidance manual" means the current version of the own risk and solvency assessment guidance manual developed and adopted by the national association of insurance commissioners and as amended from time to time. A change in the own risk and solvency assessment guidance manual shall be effective on the first day of January following the calendar year in which the changes have been adopted by the national association of insurance commissioners.

(E) "Own risk and solvency assessment summary report" means a confidential high-level summary of an insurer or insurance group's own risk and solvency assessment.

Section 3901.373 | Risk management framework.

• Effective: January 1, 2015
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 140 - 130th General Assembly

An insurer shall maintain a risk management framework to assist the insurer with identifying, assessing, monitoring, managing, and reporting on its material and relevant risks. This requirement may be satisfied if the insurance group of which the insurer is a member maintains a risk management framework applicable to the operations of the insurer.

Section 3901.374 | Own risk and solvency assessment.

• Effective: January 1, 2015
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 140 - 130th General Assembly

Unless exempted by section 3901.376 of the Revised Code, an insurer, or the insurance group of which the insurer is a member, shall regularly conduct an own risk and solvency assessment consistent with a process comparable to the own risk and solvency assessment guidance manual. The own risk and solvency assessment shall be conducted not less than annually, but also at any time when there are significant changes to the risk profile of the insurer or the insurance group of which the insurer is a member.

Section 3901.375 | Summary report.

• Effective: January 1, 2015
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 140 - 130th General Assembly

(A)(1) Upon the request of the superintendent of insurance, and not more than once annually, an insurer shall submit to the superintendent an own risk and solvency assessment summary report, or any combination of reports that together contain the information described in the own risk and solvency assessment guidance manual, applicable to the insurer or the insurance group of which it is a member.

(2) Notwithstanding any request from the superintendent, if the insurer is a member of an insurance group, the insurer shall submit the report required by division (A)(1) of this section if the superintendent is the lead state commissioner of the insurance group as determined by the procedures within the financial analysis handbook adopted by the national association of insurance commissioners.

(B) The report shall include a signature of the insurer or insurance group's chief risk officer, or other executive having responsibility for the oversight of the insurer's enterprise risk management process, attesting to the best of the officer's or executive's belief and knowledge that the insurer applies the enterprise risk management process described in the own risk and solvency assessment summary report, and that a copy of the report has been provided to the insurer's board of directors or the appropriate committee thereof.

(C) An insurer may comply with division (A) of this section by providing the most recent and substantially similar report provided by the insurer or another member of an insurance group of which the insurer is a member to the commissioner of another state or to a supervisor or regulator of a foreign jurisdiction, if that report provides information that is comparable to the information described in the own risk and solvency assessment guidance manual. Any such report in a language other than English must be accompanied by a translation of that report into the English language.

Section 3901.376 | Exemptions.

• Effective: January 1, 2015
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 140 - 130th General Assembly

(A)(1) An insurer shall be exempt from the requirements of sections 3901.371 to 3901.378 of the Revised Code if both of the following apply:

(a) The insurer has annual direct written and unaffiliated assumed premium, including international direct and assumed premium, less than five hundred million dollars.

(b) The insurance group of which the insurer is a member has annual direct written and unaffiliated assumed premium, including international direct and assumed premium, less than one billion dollars.

(2) The annual direct written and unaffiliated assumed premium described in divisions (A)(1)(a) and (b) of this section does not include premiums reinsured with the federal crop insurance corporation and federal flood program.

(B) If an insurer qualifies for exemption pursuant to division (A)(1)(a) of this section, but the insurance group of which the insurer is a member does not qualify for exemption pursuant to division (A)(1)(b) of this section, and if an own risk and solvency assessment summary report is required pursuant to division (E) of this section, then the summary report shall include every insurer within the insurance group. This requirement may be satisfied if the insurer submits more than one own risk and solvency assessment summary report for any combination of insurers provided the combination of reports includes every insurer within the insurance group.

(C) If an insurer does not qualify for exemption pursuant to division (A)(1)(a) of this section, but the insurance group of which it is a member qualifies for exemption pursuant to division (A)(1)(b) of this section, then the insurer shall only file an own risk and solvency assessment summary report if required pursuant to division (E) of this section.

(D)(1) An insurer that does not qualify for exemption pursuant to division (A) of this section may apply to the superintendent of insurance for a waiver from the requirements of sections 3901.371 to 3901.378 of the Revised Code based upon unique circumstances. In deciding whether to grant the insurer's request for waiver, the superintendent may consider any of the following:

(a) The type and volume of business written;

(b) The ownership and organizational structure of the insurer or insurance group of which the insurer is a member;

(c) Any other factor the superintendent considers relevant to the insurer or insurance group of which the insurer is a member.

(2) If the insurer is part of an insurance group with insurers domiciled in more than one state, the superintendent shall coordinate with the lead state commissioner and with the other domiciliary commissioners in considering whether to grant the insurer's request for a waiver.

(E) Notwithstanding the exemptions stated in this section, the superintendent may require that an insurer maintain a risk management framework, conduct an own risk and solvency assessment, and file an own risk and solvency assessment summary report in any of the following circumstances:

(1) Based on unique circumstances, including the type and volume of business written and the ownership and organizational structure of the insurer or insurance group of which the insurer is a member;

(2) At the request of a federal agency;

(3) At the request of an international supervisor;

(4) If the insurer has risk-based capital for a company action level event as set forth in section 3903.83 of the Revised Code, meets one or more of the standards set out in section 3903.09 or 3903.71 of the Revised Code, or otherwise exhibits qualities of a troubled insurer as determined by the superintendent.

(F) If an insurer that qualifies for an exemption pursuant to division (A) of this section subsequently no longer qualifies for that exemption due to changes in premium as reflected in the insurer's most recent annual statement, or in the most recent annual statements of the insurers within the insurance group of which the insurer is a member, the insurer shall have one year after the year the threshold is exceeded to comply with the requirements of sections 3901.371 to 3901.378 of the Revised Code.

Section 3901.377 | Form and content of report; review.

• Effective: January 1, 2015
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 140 - 130th General Assembly

(A) The own risk and solvency assessment summary report shall be prepared consistent with the own risk and solvency assessment guidance manual, subject to the requirements of division (B) of this section, and all documentation and supporting information shall be maintained and made available for examination upon request of the superintendent of insurance.

(B) The superintendent's review of the own risk and solvency assessment summary report, and any additional requests for information, shall be made using similar procedures used in the analysis and examination of multi-state or global insurers and insurance groups.

Section 3901.378 | Confidentiality.

• Effective: January 1, 2015
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 140 - 130th General Assembly

(A) Documents, materials, or other information, including the own risk and solvency assessment summary report, in the possession or control of the department of insurance that are obtained by, created by, or disclosed to the superintendent of insurance, or any other person under sections 3901.371 to 3901.378 of the Revised Code, are recognized by this state as being proprietary and to contain trade secrets.

(B) The documents described in division (A) of this section shall be confidential by law and privileged, and shall not be admissible into evidence in any private civil action or subject to section 149.43 of the Revised Code, subpoena, or discovery.

(C)(1) Notwithstanding division (B) of this section, the superintendent may use the documents, materials, or other information in furtherance of any regulatory or legal action brought as a part of the superintendent's official duties.

(2) The superintendent shall not otherwise make the documents, materials, or other information public without the prior written consent of the insurer.

(D) Neither the superintendent nor any person who receives documents, materials, or other own risk and solvency assessment related information, through examination or otherwise, while acting under the authority of the superintendent or with whom such documents, materials, or other information are shared pursuant to sections 3901.371 to 3901.378 of the Revised Code shall be permitted or required to testify in any private civil action concerning any confidential documents, materials, or information subject to division (A) of this section.

(E)(1) In order to assist in the performance of the superintendent's regulatory duties, the superintendent may do either of the following:

(a) Upon request, share documents, materials, or other own risk and solvency assessment related information, including confidential and privileged documents, materials, or information subject to division (A) of this section, and proprietary and trade secret documents, with other state, federal and international financial regulatory agencies, members of any supervisory college as described in section 3901.351 of the Revised Code, the national association of insurance commissioners, or any third-party consultant designated by the superintendent;

(b) Receive documents, materials, or other own risk and solvency assessment related information, including confidential and privileged documents, materials, or information subject to division (A) of this section, and proprietary and trade secret documents, from regulatory officials of other foreign or domestic jurisdictions, including members of any supervisory college as described in section 3901.351 of the Revised Code, and from the national association of insurance commissioners.

(2) The recipient of any information pursuant to division (E)(1)(a) of this section shall agree in writing to maintain the confidentiality and privileged status of the documents, materials, or other information and verify in writing their legal authority to maintain confidentiality. If the superintendent receives any information pursuant to division (E)(1)(b) of this section, the superintendent shall maintain as confidential or privileged any documents, materials, or information received with notice or the understanding that it is confidential or privileged under the laws of the jurisdiction that is the source of the document, material, or information.

(3) The superintendent shall enter into a written agreement with the national association of insurance commissioners or a third-party consultant governing sharing and use of information provided pursuant to sections 3901.371 to 3901.378 of the Revised Code. The written agreement shall do the all of the following:

(a) Specify procedures and protocols regarding the confidentiality and security of information shared with the national association of insurance commissioners or a third-party consultant pursuant to sections 3901.371 to 3901.378 of the Revised Code, including procedures and protocols for sharing by the national association of insurance commissioners with other state regulators from states in which the insurance group has domiciled insurers;

(b) Provide that the recipient of information agrees in writing to maintain the confidentiality and privileged status of the own risk and solvency assessment related documents, materials, or other information obtained pursuant to sections 3901.371 to 3901.378 of the Revised Code, and has verified in writing the legal authority to maintain confidentiality;

(c) Specify that ownership of information shared with the national association of insurance commissioners or a third-party consultant pursuant to sections 3901.371 to 3901.378 of the Revised Code remains with the superintendent and the national association of insurance commissioners' or a third-party consultant's use of the information is subject to the direction of the superintendent;

(d) Prohibit the national association of insurance commissioners or a third-party consultant from storing the information obtained pursuant to sections 3901.371 to 3901.378 of the Revised Code in a permanent database after the underlying analysis is completed;

(e) Require prompt notice to be given to an insurer whose confidential information in the possession of the national association of insurance commissioners or a third-party consultant pursuant to sections 3901.371 to 3901.378 of the Revised Code is subject to a request or subpoena for disclosure or production of the information;

(f) Require the national association of insurance commissioners or a third-party consultant to consent to intervention by an insurer in any judicial or administrative action in which the national association of insurance commissioners or a third-party consultant may be required to disclose confidential information about the insurer that was obtained pursuant to sections 3901.371 to 3901.378 of the Revised Code;

(g) Require the national association of insurance commissioners or a third-party consultant to use documents, materials, or other information, including the own risk solvency assessment summary report, for the specific purposes as directed by the superintendent;

(h) Prohibit the national association of insurance commissioners or a third-party consultant from using, sharing, or disclosing any documents, materials, or other information, including the own risk and solvency assessment summary report, beyond the scope of the responsibilities outlined by the superintendent;

(i) Provide for the insurer's written consent in the case of an agreement involving a third-party consultant.

(F) The sharing of information, materials, and documents by the superintendent pursuant to sections 3901.371 to 3901.378 of the Revised Code shall not constitute a delegation of regulatory or rule-making authority, and the superintendent is solely responsible for the administration, execution, and enforcement of sections 3901.371 to 3901.378 of the Revised Code.

(G) No waiver of any applicable privilege or claim of confidentiality in the documents, proprietary and trade-secret materials, or other own risk and solvency assessment related information shall occur as a result of disclosure of such own risk and solvency assessment related information, materials, or documents to the superintendent as a result of sharing authorized in sections 3901.371 to 3901.378 of the Revised Code.

(H) Documents, materials, or other information in the possession or control of the national association of insurance commissioners or a third-party consultant pursuant to sections 3901.371 to 3901.378 of the Revised Code shall be confidential by law and privileged, and shall not be subject to section 149.43 of the Revised Code, subpoena, discovery, or admissible in evidence in any private civil action.

Section 3901.38 | Prompt payments to health care providers definitions.

• Effective: July 24, 2002
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 4 - 124th General Assembly

As used in this section and sections 3901.381 to 3901.3814 of the Revised Code:

(A) "Beneficiary" means any policyholder, subscriber, member, employee, or other person who is eligible for benefits under a benefits contract.

(B) "Benefits contract" means a sickness and accident insurance policy providing hospital, surgical, or medical expense coverage, or a health insuring corporation contract or other policy or agreement under which a third-party payer agrees to reimburse for covered health care or dental services rendered to beneficiaries, up to the limits and exclusions contained in the benefits contract.

(C) "Hospital" has the same meaning as in section 3727.01 of the Revised Code.

(D) "Provider" means a hospital, nursing home, physician, podiatrist, dentist, pharmacist, chiropractor, or other health care provider entitled to reimbursement by a third-party payer for services rendered to a beneficiary under a benefits contract.

(E) "Reimburse" means indemnify, make payment, or otherwise accept responsibility for payment for health care services rendered to a beneficiary, or arrange for the provision of health care services to a beneficiary.

(F) "Third-party payer" means any of the following:

(1) An insurance company;

(2) A health insuring corporation;

(3) A labor organization;

(4) An employer;

(5) An intermediary organization, as defined in section 1751.01 of the Revised Code, that is not a health delivery network contracting solely with self-insured employers;

(6) An administrator subject to sections 3959.01 to 3959.16 of the Revised Code;

(7) A health delivery network, as defined in section 1751.01 of the Revised Code;

(8) Any other person that is obligated pursuant to a benefits contract to reimburse for covered health care services rendered to beneficiaries under such contract.

Section 3901.381 | Third-party payers processing claims for payment for health care services.

• Effective: October 17, 2019
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 166 - 133rd General Assembly

(A) Except as provided in sections 3901.382, 3901.383, 3901.384, and 3901.386 of the Revised Code, a third-party payer shall process a claim for payment for health care services rendered by a provider to a beneficiary in accordance with this section.

(B)(1) Unless division (B)(2) or (3) of this section applies, when a third-party payer receives from a provider or beneficiary a claim on the standard claim form prescribed in rules adopted by the superintendent of insurance under section 3902.22 of the Revised Code, the third-party payer shall pay or deny the claim not later than thirty days after receipt of the claim. When a third-party payer denies a claim, the third-party payer shall notify the provider and the beneficiary. The notice shall state, with specificity, why the third-party payer denied the claim.

(2)(a) Unless division (B)(3) of this section applies, when a provider or beneficiary has used the standard claim form, but the third-party payer determines that reasonable supporting documentation is needed to establish the third-party payer's responsibility to make payment, the third-party payer shall pay or deny the claim not later than forty-five days after receipt of the claim. Supporting documentation includes the verification of employer and beneficiary coverage under a benefits contract, confirmation of premium payment, medical information regarding the beneficiary and the services provided, information on the responsibility of another third-party payer to make payment or confirmation of the amount of payment by another third-party payer, and information that is needed to correct material deficiencies in the claim related to a diagnosis or treatment or the provider's identification.

Not later than thirty days after receipt of the claim, the third-party payer shall notify all relevant external sources that the supporting documentation is needed. All such notices shall state, with specificity, the supporting documentation needed. If the notice was not provided in writing, the provider, beneficiary, or third-party payer may request the third-party payer to provide the notice in writing, and the third-party payer shall then provide the notice in writing. If any of the supporting documentation is under the control of the beneficiary, the beneficiary shall provide the supporting documentation to the third-party payer.

The number of days that elapse between the third-party payer's last request for supporting documentation within the thirty-day period and the third-party payer's receipt of all of the supporting documentation that was requested shall not be counted for purposes of determining the third-party payer's compliance with the time period of not more than forty-five days for payment or denial of a claim. Except as provided in division (B)(2)(b) of this section, if the third-party payer requests additional supporting documentation after receiving the initially requested documentation, the number of days that elapse between making the request and receiving the additional supporting documentation shall be counted for purposes of determining the third-party payer's compliance with the time period of not more than forty-five days.

(b) If a third-party payer determines, after receiving initially requested documentation, that it needs additional supporting documentation pertaining to a beneficiary's preexisting condition, which condition was unknown to the third-party payer and about which it was reasonable for the third-party payer to have no knowledge at the time of its initial request for documentation, and the third-party payer subsequently requests this additional supporting documentation, the number of days that elapse between making the request and receiving the additional supporting documentation shall not be counted for purposes of determining the third-party payer's compliance with the time period of not more than forty-five days.

(c) When a third-party payer denies a claim, the third-party payer shall notify the provider and the beneficiary. The notice shall state, with specificity, why the third-party payer denied the claim.

(d) If a third-party payer determines that supporting documentation related to medical information is routinely necessary to process a claim for payment of a particular health care service, the third-party payer shall establish a description of the supporting documentation that is routinely necessary and make the description available to providers in a readily accessible format.

Third-party payers and providers shall, in connection with a claim, use the most current CPT code in effect, as published by the American medical association, the most current ICD-10 code in effect, as published by the United States department of health and human services, the most current CDT code in effect, as published by the American dental association, or the most current HCPCS code in effect, as published by the United States centers for medicare and medicaid services.

(3) When a provider or beneficiary submits a claim by using the standard claim form prescribed in the superintendent's rules, but the information provided in the claim is materially deficient, the third-party payer shall notify the provider or beneficiary not later than fifteen days after receipt of the claim. The notice shall state, with specificity, the information needed to correct all material deficiencies. Once the material deficiencies are corrected, the third-party payer shall proceed in accordance with division (B)(1) or (2) of this section.

It is not a violation of the notification time period of not more than fifteen days if a third-party payer fails to notify a provider or beneficiary of material deficiencies in the claim related to a diagnosis or treatment or the provider's identification. A third-party payer may request the information necessary to correct these deficiencies after the end of the notification time period. Requests for such information shall be made as requests for supporting documentation under division (B)(2) of this section, and payment or denial of the claim is subject to the time periods specified in that division.

(C) For purposes of this section, if a dispute exists between a provider and a third-party payer as to the day a claim form was received by the third-party payer, both of the following apply:

(1) If the provider or a person acting on behalf of the provider submits a claim directly to a third-party payer by mail and retains a record of the day the claim was mailed, there exists a rebuttable presumption that the claim was received by the third-party payer on the fifth business day after the day the claim was mailed, unless it can be proven otherwise.

(2) If the provider or a person acting on behalf of the provider submits a claim directly to a third-party payer electronically, there exists a rebuttable presumption that the claim was received by the third-party payer twenty-four hours after the claim was submitted, unless it can be proven otherwise.

(D) Nothing in this section requires a third-party payer to provide more than one notice to an employer whose premium for coverage of employees under a benefits contract has not been received by the third-party payer.

(E) Compliance with the provisions of division (B)(3) of this section shall be determined separately from compliance with the provisions of divisions (B)(1) and (2) of this section.

(F) A third-party payer shall transmit electronically any payment with respect to claims that the third-party payer receives electronically and pays to a contracted provider under this section and under sections 3901.383, 3901.384, and 3901.386 of the Revised Code. A provider shall not refuse to accept a payment made under this section or sections 3901.383, 3901.384, and 3901.386 of the Revised Code on the basis that the payment was transmitted electronically.

Section 3901.382 | Electronic submission of claims.

• Effective: July 24, 2002
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 4 - 124th General Assembly

Beginning six months after the date specified in section 262 of the "Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996," 110 Stat. 2027, 42 U.S.C.A. 1320d-4, on which a third-party payer is initially required to comply with a standard or implementation specification for the electronic exchange of health information, as adopted or established by the United States secretary of health and human services pursuant to that act, sections 3901.381, 3901.384, 3901.385, 3901.389, 3901.3810, 3901.3811, 3901.3812, and 3901.3813 of the Revised Code apply to a claim submitted to a third-party payer for payment for health care services only if the claim is submitted electronically. A provider and third-party payer may enter into a contractual arrangement under which the third-party payer agrees to process claims that are not submitted electronically because of the financial hardship that electronic submission of claims would create for the provider or any other extenuating circumstance.

Section 3901.383 | Contractual agreements for payments by third-party payers.

• Effective: June 30, 2006
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 530 - 126th General Assembly

(A) A provider and a third-party payer may do either of the following:

(1) Enter into a contractual agreement under which time periods shorter than those set forth in section 3901.381 of the Revised Code are applicable to the third-party payer in paying a claim for any amount due for health care services rendered by the provider;

(2) Enter into a contractual agreement under which the timing of payments by the third-party payer is not directly related to the receipt of a claim form. The contractual arrangement may include periodic interim payment arrangements, capitation payment arrangements, or other periodic payment arrangements acceptable to the provider and the third-party payer. Under a capitation payment arrangement, the third-party payer shall begin paying the capitated amounts to the beneficiary's primary care provider not later than sixty days after the date the beneficiary selects or is assigned to the provider. Under any other contractual periodic payment arrangement, the contractual agreement shall state, with specificity, the timing of payments by the third-party payer.

(B) Regardless of whether a third-party payer is exempted under division (D) of section 3901.3814 from sections 3901.38 and 3901.381 to 3901.3813 of the Revised Code, a provider and the third-party payer, including a third-party payer that provides coverage under the medicaid program, shall not enter into a contractual arrangement under which time periods longer than those provided for in paragraph (c)(1) of 42 C.F.R. 447.46 are applicable to the third-party payer in paying a claim for any amount due for health care services rendered by the provider.

Section 3901.384 | Untimely claim process.

• Effective: July 24, 2002
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 4 - 124th General Assembly

(A) Subject to division (B) of this section, a third-party payer that requires timely submission of claims for payment for health care services shall process a claim that is not submitted in a timely manner if a claim for the same services was initially submitted to a different third-party payer or state or federal program that offers health care benefits and that payer or program has determined that it is not responsible for the cost of the health care services. When a claim is submitted later than one year after the last date of service for which reimbursement is sought under the claim, the third-party payer shall pay or deny the claim not later than ninety days after receipt of the claim or, alternatively, pursuant to the requirements of sections 3901.381 to 3901.388 of the Revised Code. The third-party payer must make an election to process such claims either within the ninety-day period or under section 3901.381 of the Revised Code. If the claim is denied, the third-party payer shall notify the provider and the beneficiary. The notice shall state, with specificity, why the third-party payer denied the claim.

(B) The third-party payer may refuse to process a claim submitted by a provider if the provider submits the claim later than forty-five days after receiving notice from the different third-party payer or a state or federal program that that payer or program is not responsible for the cost of the health care services, or if the provider does not submit the notice of denial from the different third-party payer or program with the claim. The failure of a provider to submit a notice of denial in accordance with this division shall not affect the terms of a benefits contract.

(C) For purposes of this section, both of the following apply:

(1) A determination that a third-party payer or state or federal program is not responsible for the cost of health care services includes a determination regarding coordination of benefits, preexisting health conditions, ineligibility for coverage at the time services were provided, subrogation provisions, and similar findings;

(2) State and federal programs that offer health care benefits include medicare, medicaid, workers' compensation, the civilian health and medical program of the uniformed services and other elements of the tricare program offered by the United States department of defense, and similar state or federal programs.

(D) Any provision of a contractual arrangement entered into between a third-party payer and a provider or beneficiary that is contrary to divisions (A) to (C) of this section is unenforceable.

Section 3901.385 | Third-party payer - prohibited acts.

• Effective: July 24, 2002
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 4 - 124th General Assembly

A third-party payer shall not do either of the following:

(A) Engage in any business practice that unfairly or unnecessarily delays the processing of a claim or the payment of any amount due for health care services rendered by a provider to a beneficiary;

(B) Refuse to process or pay within the time periods specified in section 3901.381 of the Revised Code a claim submitted by a provider on the grounds the beneficiary has not been discharged from the hospital or the treatment has not been completed, if the submitted claim covers services actually rendered and charges actually incurred over at least a thirty-day period.

Section 3901.386 | Reimbursement contract - reimbursements to be made directly to hospital - assignment of benefits.

• Effective: July 24, 2002
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 4 - 124th General Assembly

(A) Notwithstanding section 1751.13 or division (I)(2) of section 3923.04 of the Revised Code, a reimbursement contract entered into or renewed on or after June 29, 1988, between a third-party payer and a hospital shall provide that reimbursement for any service provided by a hospital pursuant to a reimbursement contract and covered under a benefits contract shall be made directly to the hospital.

(B) If the third-party payer and the hospital have not entered into a contract regarding the provision and reimbursement of covered services, the third-party payer shall accept and honor a completed and validly executed assignment of benefits with a hospital by a beneficiary, except when the third-party payer has notified the hospital in writing of the conditions under which the third-party payer will not accept and honor an assignment of benefits. Such notice shall be made annually.

(C) A third-party payer may not refuse to accept and honor a validly executed assignment of benefits with a hospital pursuant to division (B) of this section for medically necessary hospital services provided on an emergency basis.

Section 3901.387 | Duplicative claims - claim information system.

• Effective: July 24, 2002
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 4 - 124th General Assembly

(A) When a provider or beneficiary submits a duplicative claim for payment for health care services before the time periods specified in section 3901.381 of the Revised Code have elapsed for the original claim submitted, the third-party payer may deny the duplicative claim. Denials of claims determined to be duplicative by the department of insurance shall not be considered by the department in a market conduct examination of a third-party payer's compliance with section 3901.381 of the Revised Code. The superintendent of insurance shall have the discretion to exclude an original claim in determining a violation under section 3901.381 of the Revised Code.

(B)(1) A third-party payer shall establish a system whereby a provider and a beneficiary may obtain information regarding the status of a claim for payment for health care services, provided the claim is not materially deficient. A third-party payer shall inform providers and beneficiaries of the mechanisms that may be used to gain access to the system.

(2) If a third-party payer delegates the processing of payments to another entity, the third-party payer shall require the entity to comply with division (B)(1) of this section on behalf of the third-party payer.

Section 3901.388 | Payments considered final - overpayment.

• Effective: July 24, 2002
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 4 - 124th General Assembly

(A) A payment made by a third-party payer to a provider in accordance with sections 3901.381 to 3901.386 of the Revised Code shall be considered final two years after payment is made. After that date, the amount of the payment is not subject to adjustment, except in the case of fraud by the provider.

(B) A third-party payer may recover the amount of any part of a payment that the third-party payer determines to be an overpayment if the recovery process is initiated not later than two years after the payment was made to the provider. The third-party payer shall inform the provider of its determination of overpayment by providing notice in accordance with division (C) of this section. The third-party payer shall give the provider an opportunity to appeal the determination. If the provider fails to respond to the notice sooner than thirty days after the notice is made, elects not to appeal the determination, or appeals the determination but the appeal is not upheld, the third-party payer may initiate recovery of the overpayment.

When a provider has failed to make a timely response to the notice of the third-party payer's determination of overpayment, the third-party payer may recover the overpayment by deducting the amount of the overpayment from other payments the third-party payer owes the provider or by taking action pursuant to any other remedy available under the Revised Code. When a provider elects not to appeal a determination of overpayment or appeals the determination but the appeal is not upheld, the third-party payer shall permit a provider to repay the amount by making one or more direct payments to the third-party payer or by having the amount deducted from other payments the third-party payer owes the provider.

(C) The notice of overpayment a third-party payer is required to give a provider under division (B) of this section shall be made in writing and shall specify all of the following:

(1) The full name of the beneficiary who received the health care services for which overpayment was made;

(2) The date or dates the services were provided;

(3) The amount of the overpayment;

(4) The claim number or other pertinent numbers;

(5) A detailed explanation of basis for the third-party payer's determination of overpayment;

(6) The method in which payment was made, including, for tracking purposes, the date of payment and, if applicable, the check number;

(7) That the provider may appeal the third-party payer's determination of overpayment, if the provider responds to the notice within thirty days;

(8) The method by which recovery of the overpayment would be made, if recovery proceeds under division (B) of this section.

(D) Any provision of a contractual arrangement entered into between a third-party payer and a provider or beneficiary that is contrary to divisions (A) to (C) of this section is unenforceable.

Section 3901.389 | Computation of interest.

• Effective: July 24, 2002
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 4 - 124th General Assembly

(A) Any third-party payer that fails to comply with section 3901.381 of the Revised Code, or any contractual payment arrangement entered into under section 3901.383 of the Revised Code, shall pay interest in accordance with this section.

(B) Interest shall be computed based upon the number of days that have elapsed between the date payment is due in accordance with section 3901.381 of the Revised Code or the contractual payment arrangement entered into under section 3901.383 of the Revised Code, and the date payment is made. The interest rate for determining the amount of interest due shall be equal to an annual percentage rate of eighteen per cent.

(C) For purposes of this section, if a dispute exists between a provider and a third-party payer as to the day a payment was made by the third-party payer, both of the following apply:

(1) If the third-party payer or a person acting on behalf of the third-party payer submits a payment directly to a provider by mail and retains a record of the day the payment was mailed, there exists a rebuttable presumption that the payment was made five business days before the day the payment was received by the provider, unless it can be proven otherwise.

(2) If the third-party payer or a person acting on behalf of the third-party payer submits a payment directly to a provider electronically, there exists a rebuttable presumption that the payment was made twenty-four hours before the date the payment was received by the provider, unless it can be proven otherwise.

(D) Interest due in accordance with this section shall be paid directly to the provider at the time payment of the claim is made and shall not be used to reduce benefits or payments otherwise payable under a benefits contract.

Section 3901.3810 | Complaints by provider or beneficiary - retaliation by payer.

• Effective: July 24, 2002
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 4 - 124th General Assembly

(A) A provider or beneficiary aggrieved with respect to any act of a third-party payer that the provider or beneficiary believes to be a violation of sections 3901.381 to 3901.388 of the Revised Code may file a written complaint with the superintendent of insurance regarding the violation.

(B) A third-party payer shall not retaliate against a provider or beneficiary who files a complaint under division (A) of this section. If a provider or beneficiary is aggrieved with respect to any act of the third-party payer that the provider or beneficiary believes to be retaliation for filing a complaint under division (A) of this section, the provider or beneficiary may file a written complaint with the superintendent regarding the alleged retaliation.

Section 3901.3811 | Failure to comply by third-party payer.

• Effective: July 24, 2002
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 4 - 124th General Assembly

(A) No third-party payer shall fail to comply with sections 3901.381 and 3901.384 to 3901.3810 of the Revised Code.

(B) The superintendent of insurance may require third-party payers to submit reports of their compliance with division (A) of this section. If reports are required, the superintendent shall prescribe the content, format, and frequency of the reports in consultation with third-party payers. The superintendent shall not require reports to be submitted more frequently than once every three months.

The superintendent shall not use findings from reports submitted by a third-party payer under this division as the basis of a finding of a violation of division (A) of this section or the imposition of penalties under section 3901.3812 of the Revised Code. However, the information contained in the reports may cause the superintendent to conduct a market conduct examination of the third-party payer. During this examination, the superintendent may examine data collected from the same time period as covered by these reports and the superintendent's examination findings may be used as the basis for finding a violation of division (A) of this section.

Section 3901.3812 | Administrative remedies.

• Effective: July 17, 2009
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 1 - 128th General Assembly

(A) If, after completion of an examination involving information collected from a six-month period, the superintendent finds that a third-party payer has committed a series of violations that, taken together, constitutes a consistent pattern or practice of violating division (A) of section 3901.3811 of the Revised Code, the superintendent may impose on the third-party payer any of the administrative remedies specified in division (B) of this section. In making a finding under this division, the superintendent shall apply the error tolerance standards for claims processing contained in the market conduct examiners handbook issued by the national association of insurance commissioners in effect at the time the claims were processed.

Before imposing an administrative remedy, the superintendent shall provide written notice to the third-party payer informing the third-party payer of the reasons for the superintendent's finding, the administrative remedy the superintendent proposes to impose, and the opportunity to submit a written request for an administrative hearing regarding the finding and proposed remedy. If the third-party payer requests a hearing, the superintendent shall conduct the hearing in accordance with Chapter 119. of the Revised Code not later than fifteen days after receipt of the request.

(B)(1) In imposing administrative remedies under division (A) of this section for violations of section 3901.381 of the Revised Code, the superintendent may do any of the following:

(a) Levy a monetary penalty in an amount determined in accordance with division (B)(3) of this section;

(b) Order the payment of interest directly to the provider in accordance with section 3901.389 of the Revised Code;

(c) Order the third-party payer to cease and desist from engaging in the violations;

(d) If a monetary penalty is not levied under division (B)(1)(a) of this section, impose any of the administrative remedies provided for in section 3901.22 of the Revised Code, other than those specified in divisions (D)(4) and (5) and (G) of that section.

(2) In imposing administrative remedies under division (A) of this section for violations of sections 3901.384 to 3901.3810 of the Revised Code, the superintendent may do any of the following:

(a) Levy a monetary penalty in an amount determined in accordance with division (B)(3) of this section;

(b) Order the payment of interest directly to the provider in accordance with section 3901.38 of the Revised Code;

(c) Order the third-party payer to cease and desist from engaging in the violations;

(d) If a monetary penalty is not levied under division (B)(2)(a) of this section, impose any of the administrative remedies provided for in section 3901.22 of the Revised Code, other than those specified in divisions (D)(4) and (5) and (G) of that section. For violations of sections 3901.384 to 3901.3810 of the Revised Code that did not comply with section 3901.381 of the Revised Code, the superintendent may also use section 3901.22 of the Revised Code except divisions (D)(4) and (5) of that section.

(3) A finding by the superintendent that a third-party payer has committed a series of violations that, taken together, constitutes a consistent pattern or practice of violating division (A) of section 3901.3811 of the Revised Code, shall constitute a single offense for purposes of levying a fine under division (B)(1)(a) and (B)(2)(a) of this section. For a first offense, the superintendent may levy a fine of not more than one hundred thousand dollars. For a second offense that occurs on or earlier than four years from the first offense, the superintendent may levy a fine of not more than one hundred fifty thousand dollars. For a third or additional offense that occurs on or earlier than seven years after a first offense, the superintendent may levy a fine of not more than three hundred thousand dollars. In determining the amount of a fine to be levied within the specified limits, the superintendent shall consider the following factors:

(a) The extent and frequency of the violations;

(b) Whether the violations were due to circumstances beyond the third-party payer's control;

(c) Any remedial actions taken by the third-party payer to prevent future violations;

(d) The actual or potential harm to others resulting from the violations;

(e) If the third-party payer knowingly and willingly committed the violations;

(f) The third-party payer's financial condition;

(g) Any other factors the superintendent considers appropriate.

(C) The remedies imposed by the superintendent under this section are in addition to, and not in lieu of, such other remedies as providers and beneficiaries may otherwise have by law.

(D) Any fine collected under this section shall be paid into the state treasury as follows:

(1) Twenty-five per cent of the total to the credit of the department of insurance operating fund created by section 3901.021 of the Revised Code;

(2) Sixty-five per cent of the total to the credit of the general revenue fund;

(3) Ten per cent of the total to the credit of claims processing education account, which is hereby created within the department of insurance operating fund created by section 3901.021 of the Revised Code.

All money credited to the claims processing education account shall be used by the department of insurance to make technical assistance available to third-party payers, providers, and beneficiaries for effective implementation of the provisions of sections 3901.38 and 3901.381 to 3901.3814 of the Revised Code.

Section 3901.3813 | Rules.

• Effective: July 24, 2002
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 4 - 124th General Assembly

The superintendent of insurance may adopt rules as the superintendent considers necessary to carry out the purposes of section 3901.38 and sections 3901.381 to 3901.3812 of the Revised Code. The rules shall be adopted in accordance with Chapter 119. of the Revised Code.

Section 3901.3814 | Exceptions to provisions.

• Effective: October 17, 2019
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 166 - 133rd General Assembly

Sections 3901.38 and 3901.381 to 3901.3813 of the Revised Code do not apply to the following:

(A) Policies offering coverage that is regulated under Chapters 3935. and 3937. of the Revised Code;

(B) An employer's self-insurance plan and any of its administrators, as defined in section 3959.01 of the Revised Code, to the extent that federal law supersedes, preempts, prohibits, or otherwise precludes the application of any provisions of those sections to the plan and its administrators;

(C) A third-party payer for coverage provided under the medicare advantage program operated under Title XVIII of the "Social Security Act," 49 Stat. 620 (1935), 42 U.S.C. 301, as amended;

(D) A third-party payer for coverage provided under the medicaid program;

(E) A third-party payer for coverage provided under the tricare program offered by the United States department of defense.

Section 3901.40 | Payment or reimbursement to unlicensed or unaccredited hospital prohibited.

• Effective: September 30, 2024
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 110 - 134th General Assembly

No insurance company, health insuring corporation, or self-insurance plan authorized to do business in this state shall include or provide in its policies or subscriber agreements for benefit payments or reimbursement for services in any hospital which is not licensed under Chapter 3722. of the Revised Code. No hospital located in this state shall charge any insurance company, health insuring corporation, federal, state, or local government agency, or person for any services rendered unless the hospital is licensed under Chapter 3722. of the Revised Code. "Hospital" as used in this section means only those institutions included within the definition of that term contained in section 3727.01 of the Revised Code, and the prohibitions in this section do not apply to facilities excluded from that definition.

Last updated September 30, 2024 at 4:28 AM

Section 3901.41 | Applicability of Uniform Electronics Transactions Act; automated transactions.

• Effective: September 13, 2022
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 236 - 134th General Assembly

(A) As used in this section:

(1) "Automated transaction" has the same meaning as in section 1306.01 of the Revised Code, and includes electronic transactions between two or more persons conducting business pursuant to the laws of this state relating to insurance.

(2) "Contact point" means any electronic identification to which messages can be sent, including, but not limited to, any of the following:

(a) An electronic mail address;

(b) An instant message identity;

(c) A wireless telephone number, or any other personal electronic communication device;

(d) A facsimile number.

(3) "Insured" means a certificate holder, contract owner, customer, policyholder, or subscriber as those terms are used in the laws of this state relating to insurance.

(4) "Insurer" has the same meaning as in section 3901.32 of the Revised Code.

(5) "Laws of this state relating to insurance" has the same meaning as in section 3901.04 of the Revised Code.

(6) "Personally identifiable information" means any individually identifiable information gathered in connection with an insurance transaction, including a person's name, address, social security number, and banking information.

(7) "Secure web site" means a web site that meets both of the following criteria:

(a) The web site uses the hypertext transfer protocol secure communication protocol or other equally secure communication protocol.

(b) The web site requires a person to enter a unique user credential to access personally identifiable information for which the person has the legal right to access.

(B) Notwithstanding any laws of this state relating to insurance, sections 1306.01 to 1306.23 of the Revised Code, the "Uniform Electronics Transactions Act," apply to the business of insurance in this state.

(C)(1) If an insured agrees to conduct the business of insurance via an automated transaction, any information issued or delivered in writing may be issued or delivered electronically to a contact point provided by the insured, as long as both of the following apply:

(a) The transmission of information is in compliance with sections 1306.07 and 1306.14 of the Revised Code.

(b) The details of the automated transaction are fully disclosed to the insured in the application, policy, certificate, contract of insurance, or by another method that ensures notice to the insured. An insurer's form used only to notify an insured of and obtain consent for an automated transaction does not need to be approved or accepted by the superintendent of insurance.

(2)(a) Except for notices of cancellation, nonrenewal, or termination, an insurer may deliver information via a secure web site if the insurer sends an electronic notice to a contact point and the electronic notice includes a hyperlink to the secure web site.

(b) If an insurer uses a secure web site to deliver changes in terms or conditions in an insured's policy, certificate, or contract of insurance, including any endorsements or amendments, the electronic notice to the insured's contact point shall include all of the following:

(i) A list or summary of the changes;

(ii) A link to the complete document located on the insurer's secure web site;

(iii) The following or substantially similar statement displayed in a prominent manner:

"There are changes in the terms or conditions of your policy, certificate, or contract of insurance."

(3) At a minimum, the details of the automated transaction shall include all of the following:

(a) A clear and conspicuous statement informing the insured of any right or option of the insured to receive a record on paper;

(b) The right of the insured to withdraw the insured's consent, and any consequences or fees if the insured withdraws consent;

(c) A description of the procedures the insured must use to withdraw consent and to update the insured's contact point.

(4) Agreement to participate in a part of an automated transaction shall not be used to confirm the insured's consent to transact the entire business of insurance pursuant to this section.

(5) A withdrawal of consent by an insured shall be effective within a reasonable time period, not to exceed ten business days after the receipt of the withdrawal by the insurer.

(D) The insurer shall send all notices of cancellation, nonrenewal, termination, or changes in the terms or conditions of the policy, certificate, or contract of insurance to the last known contact point supplied by the insured. If the insurer has knowledge that the insured's contact point is no longer valid, the insurer shall send the information via regular mail to the last known address furnished to the insurer by the insured.

(E) Any insurer conducting the business of insurance via an automated transaction shall allow the insurer's insureds who agree to participate in an automated transaction the option to withdraw consent from participating in the automated transaction.

(F) Notwithstanding any laws or regulations of this state relating to insurance, any policy, certificate, or contract of insurance, including any endorsements or amendments, that do not contain personally identifiable information may be posted to the insurer's web site in lieu of any other method of delivery. If the insurer elects to post any policy, certificate, or contract of insurance to the insurer's web site, all of the following shall apply:

(1) The policy, certificate, or contract of insurance is readily accessible by the insured and, once the policy, certificate, or contract of insurance is no longer used by the insurer in this state, it is stored in a readily accessible archive;

(2) The policy, certificate, or contract of insurance is posted in such a manner that the insured can easily identify the insured's applicable policy, certificate, or contract and print or download the insured's documents without charge and without the use of any special program or application that is not readily available to the public without charge;

(3) The insurer provides written notice at the time of issuance of the initial policy, certificate, contract, or any renewal forms of a method by which the insured may obtain upon request a paper or electronic copy of their policy, certificate, or contract without charge;

(4) The insurer clearly identifies the applicable policy, endorsements, amendments, certificate, or contract of insurance purchased by the insured on any declaration page, certificate of insurance, summary of benefits, or other evidence of coverage issued to the insured;

(5) The insurer gives notice, in the manner it customarily communicates with an insured, of any changes to the policy, certificate, or contract of insurance, including any endorsements or amendments, and of the insured's right to obtain upon request a paper or electronic copy of the policy, endorsements, or amendments without charge.

(G) Notwithstanding any other section of Title XXXIX or Chapters 1739. or 1751. of the Revised Code or rules adopted thereunder to the contrary, an insurer may deliver any notices, documents, or information to an insured via an automated transaction pursuant to this section.

(H) This section does not supersede any time periods, filing requirements, or content of notices, documents, notices to insureds' agents required pursuant to sections 3937.25, 3937.26, and 3937.27 of the Revised Code, or information otherwise required by a law other than this section relating to insurance. This section does not apply to disclosures through electronic media of certificates, explanation of benefit statements, and other mandated materials under the "Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974," 88 Stat. 829, 29 U.S.C. 1001, as amended, and any regulation adopted thereunder.

(I) If the consent of an insured to receive certain notices, documents, or information in an electronic form is on file with an insurer before September 4, 2014, if the consent was not accompanied by the details of the automated transaction described in division (C)(3) of this section, and if, pursuant to this section, an insurer intends to deliver additional notices, documents, or information to that insured in an electronic form, then, prior to delivering or at the time of delivering such additional notice, documents, or information electronically, the insurer shall notify the insured of the details of the automated transaction in compliance with division (C)(3) of this section.

(J)(1) The purchase of a policy of insurance through an online platform shall be considered an agreement to conduct the business of insurance via an automated transaction under this section, and the insured shall be considered to have affirmatively consented to have all notices and documents related to the policy delivered to the insured electronically.

(2) Notwithstanding division (J)(1) of this section, if an insured purchasing a policy of insurance via an online platform requests to receive all notices and documents in paper format, the insurer shall provide all notices and other documents related to the policy to the insured in paper format.

(3) Nothing in division (J) of this section requires an insurer to offer or otherwise provide an online platform to conduct the business of insurance.

(4) As used in division (J) of this section, "online platform" means a web site or other digital application designed to facilitate the purchase of insurance policies by parties from a licensed insurer.

(K) The superintendent of insurance may adopt rules in accordance with Chapter 119. of the Revised Code as the superintendent considers necessary to carry out the purposes of this section.

Last updated July 14, 2022 at 3:12 PM

Section 3901.411 | Electronic delivery of insurance documents.

• Effective: October 24, 2024
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 175 - 135th General Assembly

(A) As used in this section:

(1) "Health benefit plan" means a policy, contract, certificate, or agreement entered into, offered, or issued by an insurer to provide, deliver, arrange for, pay for, or reimburse any of the costs of health care services, including a vision or dental benefit plan. "Health benefit plan" does not include any of the following:

(a) A plan of self-insurance;

(b) Insurance arising out of workers' compensation;

(c) Automobile medical payment insurance;

(d) Insurance under which benefits are payable with or without regard to fault and which is statutorily required to be contained in any liability insurance policy or equivalent self-insurance;

(e) A medicare supplement policy of insurance, as defined by the superintendent of insurance by rule;

(f) Coverage under a plan through medicare, medicaid, or the federal employees benefit program;

(g) Any coverage issued under Chapter 55 of Title 10 of the United States Code and any coverage issued as a supplement to that coverage.

(2) "Health plan issuer" means an entity subject to the insurance laws and rules of this state, or subject to the jurisdiction of the superintendent of insurance, that contracts, or offers to contract, to provide, deliver, arrange for, apply for, or reimburse any of the costs of health care services under a health benefit plan.

(3) "Plan sponsor" means a person, other than a health plan issuer, who establishes, adopts, or maintains a health benefit plan that covers residents of this state, including a plan established, adopted, or maintained by an employer or jointly by an employer and one or more employee organizations, an association, a committee, a joint board of trustees, or any similar group of representatives who establish, adopt, or maintain a plan.

(B) The plan sponsor of a health benefit plan may, on behalf of individuals covered under the plan, provide consent to the transmission of all communications related to the plan by electronic means, as provided in section 3901.41 of the Revised Code, and to the electronic delivery of any health insurance identification card required by sections 1739.061, 1751.111, 3923.601, and 3923.83 of the Revised Code.

(C) Before consenting on behalf of covered individuals, a plan sponsor shall confirm that the primary covered individuals in question routinely use electronic communications during the normal course of employment.

(D) Before providing delivery by electronic means to a group of covered individuals, the health plan issuer shall do both of the following:

(1) Provide the covered individuals an opportunity to opt out of delivery by electronic means;

(2) Document that the applicable requirements of section 3901.41 of the Revised Code have been met.

Last updated September 23, 2024 at 10:24 AM

Section 3901.42 | Annual filing with national association of insurance commissioners.

• Effective: June 18, 1986
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 464 - 116th General Assembly

(A) As used in this section, "actuarial certification" means certification by a member in good standing of the American academy of actuaries, or a person who otherwise has competency in loss reserve valuation.

(B) Each domestic, foreign, and alien insurer authorized to transact insurance in this state shall, annually on or before the first day of March of each year, file with the national association of insurance commissioners a copy of its annual statement convention blank, along with such additional filings as prescribed by the superintendent of insurance for the preceding year. The information filed with the association shall be in the same format and scope as that required by the superintendent and shall include the signed jurat page and the actuarial certification, as required by the state of domicile. Any amendments and addendums to the annual statement filing subsequently filed with the superintendent shall also be filed with the association.

(C) Foreign insurers that are domiciled in a state that has a law substantially similar to division (B) of this section are deemed in compliance with this section.

(D) In the absence of actual malice, members, delegates, and employees of the national association of insurance commissioners, its authorized committees, subcommittees, and task forces, and all others charged with the responsibility of collecting, reviewing, analyzing, and disseminating the information developed from the filing of the annual statement convention blanks shall be acting as agents of the superintendent under the authority of this section and are not subject to civil liability for libel, slander, or any other cause of action by virtue of their collection, review, and analysis or dissemination of the data and information collected from the filings required under this section.

(E)(1) In addition to the annual statement required to be filed with the national association of insurance commissioners under division (B) of this section, the superintendent may require an insurer to file with the superintendent, on or before the forty-fifth day following the last day of each calendar quarter, quarterly reports showing its condition for each of the first three calendar quarters.

(2) The quarterly report shall consist of information that the superintendent considers to be relevant to the determination of the solvency of an insurer.

(F) The superintendent may, pursuant to Chapter 119. of the Revised Code, suspend, revoke, or refuse to renew the license to engage in the business of insurance of any insurer that fails to file its annual statement within the time required under division (B) of this section or a quarterly report within the time required under division (E) of this section, or within any extension of time which the superintendent, for good cause, may have granted.

Section 3901.44 | Records of insurance fraud investigation.

• Effective: June 18, 2002
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 138 - 124th General Assembly

(A) As used in this section, "insurance fraud investigation" means any investigation conducted by the superintendent of insurance or a designee of the superintendent that relates to a fraudulent insurance act as defined in section 3999.31 of the Revised Code.

(B) All documents, reports, and evidence in the possession of the superintendent or the superintendent's designee that pertain to an insurance fraud investigation are confidential law enforcement investigatory records under section 149.43 of the Revised Code. Notwithstanding such section, the superintendent shall not prohibit public inspection of such records that pertain to an insurance fraud investigation after the expiration of all federal and state statutes of limitations applicable to the particular offense to which the papers, documents, reports, and evidence relate.

(C) All documents, reports, and evidence in the possession of the superintendent that do not pertain to such an insurance fraud investigation are public records under section 149.43 of the Revised Code, and are not by such possession alone confidential law enforcement investigatory records.

(D) All documents, reports, and evidence in the possession of the superintendent or the superintendent's designee that pertain to such an insurance fraud investigation are not subject to subpoena in civil actions by any court of this state until opened for public inspection by the superintendent in accordance with division (B) of this section or with section 149.43 of the Revised Code, unless the superintendent or the superintendent's designee consents, or until after reasonable notice to the superintendent and opportunity for hearing, the court determines the superintendent would not be hindered unnecessarily by such subpoena.

(E) Notwithstanding divisions (B), (C), and (D) of this section, the superintendent may do either of the following:

(1) Share documents, reports, and evidence that are the subject of this section with the chief deputy rehabilitator, the chief deputy liquidator, other deputy rehabilitators and liquidators, and any other person employed by, or acting on behalf of, the superintendent pursuant to Chapter 3901. or 3903. of the Revised Code, with other local, state, federal, and international regulatory and law enforcement agencies, with local, state, and federal prosecutors, with the national association of insurance commissioners and its affiliates and subsidiaries, with insurers, and with investigators hired by insurers, provided that the recipient agrees to maintain the confidential or privileged status of the confidential or privileged document, report, or evidence and has authority to do so;

(2) Disclose documents, reports, and evidence that are the subject of this section in the furtherance of any regulatory or legal action brought by or on behalf of the superintendent or the state, resulting from the exercise of the superintendent's official duties.

(F) Notwithstanding divisions (B), (C), (D), and (E) of this section, the superintendent may authorize the national association of insurance commissioners and its affiliates and subsidiaries by agreement to share confidential or privileged documents, reports, and evidence received pursuant to division (E)(1) of this section with local, state, federal, and international regulatory and law enforcement agencies and with local, state, and federal prosecutors, provided that the recipient agrees to maintain the confidential or privileged status of the confidential or privileged document, report, or evidence and has authority to do so.

(G) Notwithstanding divisions (B), (C), (D), and (E) of this section, the chief deputy rehabilitator, the chief deputy liquidator, and other deputy rehabilitators and liquidators may disclose documents, reports, and evidence that are the subject of this section in the furtherance of any regulatory or legal action brought by or on behalf of the superintendent, the rehabilitator, the liquidator, or the state resulting from the exercise of the superintendent's official duties in any capacity.

(H) Nothing in this section shall prohibit the superintendent from receiving documents, reports, and evidence in accordance with section 3901.045 of the Revised Code.

(I) The superintendent may enter into agreements governing the sharing and use of documents, reports, and evidence consistent with the requirements of this section.

(J)(1) No waiver of any applicable privilege or claim of confidentiality in the documents, reports, and evidence described in this section shall occur as a result of sharing or receiving documents, reports, and evidence as authorized in divisions (E)(1), (F), and (H) of this section.

(2) The disclosure of a document, report, or evidence in connection with a regulatory or legal action pursuant to divisions (E)(2) and (G) of this section does not prohibit an insurer or any other person from taking steps to limit the dissemination of the document, report, or evidence to persons not involved in or the subject of the regulatory or legal action on the basis of any recognized privilege arising under any other section of the Revised Code or the common law.

(K) The superintendent and the superintendent's designee are not subject to subpoena in civil actions by any court of this state to testify concerning any matter of which they have knowledge pursuant to a pending insurance fraud investigation by the superintendent.

Section 3901.45 | Effect of sexual orientation, HIV, or AIDS or related condition.

• Effective: January 1, 2021
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 339 - 133rd General Assembly

(A) As used in sections 3901.45 and 3901.46 of the Revised Code:

(1) "AIDS," "HIV," "AIDS-related condition," and "HIV test" have the same meanings as in section 3701.24 of the Revised Code.

(2) "Insurer" means any person authorized to engage in the business of life or sickness and accident insurance under Title XXXIX of the Revised Code or any person or governmental entity providing health services coverage for individuals on a self-insurance basis.

(3) "Group policy" means, with respect to life insurance, a policy covering more than twenty-five individuals and issued pursuant to section 3917.01 of the Revised Code, and with respect to sickness and accident insurance, a policy covering more than twenty-five individuals and issued pursuant to section 3923.11, 3923.12, or 3923.13 of the Revised Code. "Group policy" includes a certificate of life or sickness and accident insurance covering more than twenty-five individuals under a group policy issued to a multiple employer trust.

(4) "Individual policy" means, with respect to life insurance and sickness and accident insurance, a policy other than a group policy, except that "individual policy" also includes all of the following:

(a) The coverage under a group policy of an individual who seeks to become a member of an insured group after having declined a previous offer of coverage under the group policy;

(b) An individual who seeks life insurance coverage under a group policy in excess of the maximum coverage available under the policy without evidence of insurability;

(c) A certificate of life or sickness and accident insurance covering no more than twenty-five individuals under a group policy issued to a multiple employer trust.

(B) In processing an application for an individual policy of life or sickness and accident insurance or in determining insurability of an applicant, no insurer shall:

(1) Take into consideration an applicant's sexual orientation;

(2) Make any inquiry toward determining an applicant's sexual orientation or direct any person who provides services to the insurer to investigate an applicant's sexual orientation;

(3) Make a decision adverse to the applicant based on entries in medical records or other reports that show that the applicant has sought an HIV test, consultation regarding the possibility of developing AIDS or an AIDS-related condition, or counseling for concerns related to AIDS from health care professionals unless there has been a diagnosis, confirmed by a positive HIV test, of AIDS or an AIDS-related condition or the applicant has been treated for either.

(C)(1) In developing and asking questions regarding medical histories and lifestyles of applicants for life or sickness and accident insurance and in assessing the answers, an insurer shall not ask questions designed to ascertain the sexual orientation of the applicant nor use factors such as marital status, living arrangements, occupation, gender, medical history, beneficiary designation, or zip code or other geographic designation to aid in ascertaining the applicant's sexual orientation.

(2) An insurer may ask the applicant if the applicant has ever been diagnosed as having AIDS or an AIDS-related condition.

(3) An insurer may ask the applicant specifically whether the applicant has ever had a positive result on an HIV test. "Positive result" means a result interpreted as positive in accordance with guidelines developed by the director of health under division (B)(1) of section 3701.241 of the Revised Code, even though the applicant may have been tested in another state. "Positive result" does not mean an initial positive result that further testing showed to be false.

(4) The insurer shall not ask the applicant whether the applicant has ever taken an HIV test.

(D)(1) Except as provided in division (D)(2) of this section, no insurer shall cancel a policy of life or sickness and accident insurance, or refuse to renew a policy of life or sickness and accident insurance other than a policy that is renewable at the option of the insurer, based solely on the fact that, after the effective date of the policy, the policyholder is diagnosed as having AIDS, an AIDS-related condition, or an HIV infection.

(2) If a policy of life or sickness and accident insurance provides for a contestability period, an insurer may cancel the policy during the contestability period if the applicant made a false statement in the application with regard to the question of whether the applicant has been diagnosed as having AIDS, an AIDS-related condition, or an HIV infection.

(E) No insurer shall deliver, issue for delivery, or renew a policy of life or sickness and accident insurance that limits benefits or coverage in the event that, after the effective date of the policy, the insured develops AIDS or an AIDS-related condition or receives a positive result on an HIV test.

(F) An insurer is not required to offer coverage under a policy of life or sickness and accident insurance to an individual or group member, or a dependent of an individual or group member, who has AIDS or an AIDS-related condition, or who has had a positive result on an HIV test.

(G) An insurer is not required to continue to provide coverage under a policy of life or sickness and accident insurance to an individual or group member, or a dependent of an individual or group member, if the insurer determines the individual or group member or dependent of the individual or group member knew on the effective date of the policy that the individual or group member or dependent of the individual or group member had AIDS, an AIDS-related condition, or a positive result of an HIV test.

(H) A violation of this section is an unfair insurance practice under sections 3901.19 to 3901.26 of the Revised Code.

Section 3901.46 | Requiring HIV testing.

• Effective: February 12, 2004
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 6 - 125th General Assembly

As used in this section, "membership organization" means a fraternal or other association or group of individuals involved in the same occupation, activity, or interest that is organized and maintained in good faith for purposes other than to obtain insurance and is not organized or maintained for the purpose of engaging in activities for gain or profit.

(A) In underwriting an individual policy of life or sickness and accident insurance or a group policy of life or sickness and accident insurance providing coverage for members of a membership organization, an insurer may require an applicant for coverage under the policy to submit to an HIV test only in conjunction with tests for other health conditions. No applicant shall be required to submit to an HIV test on the basis of the applicant's sexual orientation or factors described in division (C)(1) of section 3901.45 of the Revised Code that are used to ascertain the applicant's sexual orientation.

(B)(1) An insurer that requests an applicant to take an HIV test shall obtain the applicant's written consent for the test and shall inform the applicant of the purpose of the test. The consent form shall include information about the tests to be performed, the confidentiality of the results, procedures for notifying the applicant of the results, and a general interpretation of test results.

(2) The superintendent of insurance shall adopt rules under Chapter 119. of the Revised Code establishing the form and content of the consent required under division (B)(1) of this section.

(C) An insurer may disclose the results of a positive HIV test only to the following persons:

(1) The applicant;

(2) The applicant's or insured's physician or other health care provider if the applicant or insured provides the insurer with prior written consent for disclosure;

(3) Another person that the applicant or insured specifically designates in writing;

(4) A medical information exchange for insurers operated under procedures intended to ensure confidentiality, including the use of general codes for results of tests for a number of diseases and conditions as well as for AIDS or an AIDS-related condition.

(D) The HIV test or tests to be given the applicant shall be a test or tests approved by the director of health pursuant to division (B) of section 3701.241 of the Revised Code. Test results shall be interpreted strictly in accordance with guidelines for the use of the tests adopted by the director.

(E) The requirements of division (B) of section 3701.24 and sections 3701.242 and 3701.243 of the Revised Code do not apply to insurers in the underwriting of an individual policy of life or sickness and accident insurance or of a group policy of life or sickness and accident insurance providing coverage for members of a membership organization, except that an insurer may make use of the procedures in division (C) of section 3701.243 of the Revised Code.

(F) In underwriting a group policy of life or sickness and accident insurance, no insurer shall require an individual seeking coverage, other than an individual seeking coverage under the policy of a membership organization, to submit to an HIV test.

(G) A violation of this section is an unfair insurance practice under sections 3901.19 to 3901.26 of the Revised Code.

Section 3901.47 | Administration of claims unpaid due to insolvency of insurer.

• Effective: November 20, 1989
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 454 - 118th General Assembly

(A) As used in this section:

(1) "Insurer" means any insurer authorized to write life or sickness and accident insurance in this state under Title XXXIX of the Revised Code.

(2) "Insolvent insurer" means any of the following:

(a) Farm and ranch life insurance company, domiciled in the state of Kansas;

(b) First transcontinental life insurance corporation, domiciled in the state of Wisconsin;

(c) Lumbermen's life insurance company, domiciled in the state of Indiana;

(d) United fire insurance company, domiciled in the state of Illinois;

(e) Any other insurer that, not later than June 30, 1990, is under an order of liquidation issued by a court of competent jurisdiction;

(f) Any person that is organized under the laws of another state as a nonprofit hospital service association, corporation, or plan, that is authorized by the laws of that state to offer sickness and accident benefits for hospital services under group subscriber contracts, that has furnished certificates in connection with or pursuant to these contracts to subscribers residing or employed in this state, and that, not later than June 30, 1990, is under an order of liquidation issued by a court of competent jurisdiction. Division (A)(2)(f) of this section does not include any person organized as a health maintenance organization or an indemnity insurance company.

(3) "Ohio claimant" means a policyholder or a contract holder under an individual policy, or a certificate holder under a group policy or contract, of an insolvent insurer who is owed life, sickness and accident, or annuity benefits pursuant to the terms of policies of insurance issued by that insurer.

(B) The superintendent of insurance, in furtherance of section 3901.011, 3903.17, or 3903.53 of the Revised Code, may file a complaint in the court of common pleas of Franklin county for an order appointing him, whether as liquidator, ancillary receiver, or otherwise, to make arrangements for the distribution of voluntary contributions made in accordance with division (E) of this section. As part of the complaint, the superintendent shall submit a written plan for the administration of the contributions. The plan shall include, but need not be limited to, procedures for receipt, maintenance, and distribution of the contributions and for the adjudication and subrogation of the claims to be paid. If a life and health insurance guaranty association is in existence in this state, the superintendent may direct the association to perform the administrative duties set forth in the plan.

(C) The superintendent shall take all reasonable and necessary actions to implement the plan as described in division (B) of this section. As part of these actions, all of the following apply:

(1) The superintendent shall seek a full pro rata recovery of the assets of the liquidation estates that are due Ohio claimants pursuant to Chapter 3903. of the Revised Code and the insurance liquidation laws of the states of domicile of the insolvent insurers;

(2) The superintendent shall be subrogated to all claims of Ohio claimants in the fully adjudicated amounts. These amounts are not reduced by payments from funds voluntarily contributed.

(3)(a) The superintendent shall attempt to secure payment of the claims adjudicated pursuant to the plan as described in division (B) of this section.

(b) No Ohio claimant is entitled to receive more than one hundred per cent of the adjudicated amounts of his claims. If any claimant receives more than one hundred per cent, the superintendent may undertake legal action to recover the amounts in excess of one hundred per cent from the claimant. The related liquidation estates shall be obligated to pay the costs incurred by the superintendent to recover these amounts.

(4) Voluntary contributions held by any person are not the property of any insolvent insurer. Distribution to Ohio claimants of the funds voluntarily contributed are not payments on behalf of any insolvent insurer, and do not lose their legal status as voluntary contributions.

(5) Payment to Ohio claimants of any of the funds voluntarily contributed does not reduce their claims against an insolvent insurer if those claims have been subrogated to the superintendent.

(D) Any funds remaining in excess of the aggregate total of all claims and administrative expenses of Ohio claimants shall be transferred to a life and health insurance guaranty association that may be in existence in this state for use in payment of administrative costs or claims related to subsequent insolvencies. If the association does not exist, the excess funds shall be distributed pro rata to the contributing insurers and appropriate adjustments shall be made by the superintendent in the premium or franchise tax liability of those contributing insurers.

(E)(1) Any insurer that, not later than June 30, 1990, and in accordance with the plan described in division (B) of this section, voluntarily contributes funds to pay the life, sickness and accident, or annuity claims of residents of this state that are unpaid due to the insolvency of an insolvent insurer may offset against its premium or franchise tax liability twenty per cent of the contribution for each of the first five calendar years following the year in which the contribution was made.

(2) If that portion of the aggregate total of the contributions described in division (E)(1) of this section that is eligible for offset in a particular year exceeds an insurer's tax liability to this state for that year, the amount in excess of that tax liability that remains eligible for offset, notwithstanding the five-year limitation set forth in division (E)(1) of this section, may be offset against that tax liability in future years.

(3) Contributions used to defray the costs of administering the plan as described in division (B) of this section qualify for treatment as contributions eligible for the tax offset provided in division (E)(1) of this section.

(F)(1) An insurer is not subject to liability for damages arising out of a civil action of any nature for making voluntary contributions in accordance with division (E) of this section or for otherwise participating in the plan described in division (B) of this section.

(2) Any life and health guaranty association directed by the superintendent to perform administrative duties set forth in the plan described in division (B) of this section is not subject to liability for damages arising out of a civil action of any nature for participating in that plan.

(3) Funds voluntarily pledged, committed, or contributed by an insurer in accordance with division (E) of this section are not subject to attachment, lien, execution, or other legal actions brought by persons other than the superintendent pursuant to his responsibilities under the plan described in division (B) of this section.

Section 3901.48 | Disclosing work papers resulting from conduct of audit.

• Effective: August 21, 2006
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 268 - 126th General Assembly

(A) The original work papers of a certified public accountant performing an audit of an insurance company or health insuring corporation doing business in this state that is required by rule or by any section of the Revised Code to file an audited financial report with the superintendent of insurance shall remain the property of the certified public accountant. Any copies of these work papers voluntarily given to the superintendent shall be the property of the superintendent. The original work papers or any copies of them, whether in possession of the certified public accountant or the department of insurance, are confidential and privileged and are not a public record as defined in section 149.43 of the Revised Code. The original work papers and any copies of them are not subject to subpoena and shall not be made public by the superintendent or any other person.

(B) The work papers of the superintendent or of the person appointed by the superintendent, resulting from the conduct of an examination made pursuant to section 3901.07 of the Revised Code or from the conduct of a financial analysis of any entity subject to examination by the superintendent, including but not limited to any insurance company, health insuring corporation, fraternal benefit society, or multiple employer welfare arrangement, are confidential and privileged and are not a public record as defined in section 149.43 of the Revised Code. The original work papers and any copies of them are not subject to subpoena and shall not be made public by the superintendent or any other person.

(C) The work papers of the superintendent or of any person appointed by the superintendent, resulting from the conduct of a performance regulation examination made pursuant to authority granted under section 3901.011 of the Revised Code or from the conduct of a market analysis or investigation of any entity subject to examination by the superintendent, including, but not limited to, any insurance company, health insuring corporation, fraternal benefit society, or multiple employer welfare arrangement, are confidential and privileged and are not a public record as defined in section 149.43 of the Revised Code. The original work papers and any copies of them are not subject to subpoena and shall not be made public by the superintendent or any other person.

(D) Notwithstanding divisions (A), (B), and (C) of this section, the superintendent may do either of the following:

(1) Share work papers that are the subject of this section with the chief deputy rehabilitator, the chief deputy liquidator, other deputy rehabilitators and liquidators, and any other person employed by, or acting on behalf of, the superintendent pursuant to Chapter 3901. or 3903. of the Revised Code, with other local, state, federal, and international regulatory and law enforcement agencies, with local, state, and federal prosecutors, with the national association of insurance commissioners and its affiliates and subsidiaries, and with the interstate insurance product regulation commission described in section 3915.16 of the Revised Code, provided that the recipient agrees to maintain the confidential or privileged status of the confidential or privileged work paper and has authority to do so;

(2) Disclose work papers that are the subject of this section in the furtherance of any regulatory or legal action brought by or on behalf of the superintendent or the state, resulting from the exercise of the superintendent's official duties.

(E) Notwithstanding divisions (A), (B), (C), and (D) of this section, the superintendent may authorize the national association of insurance commissioners and its affiliates and subsidiaries or the interstate insurance product regulation commission described in section 3915.16 of the Revised Code by agreement to share confidential or privileged work papers received pursuant to division (D)(1) of this section with local, state, federal, and international regulatory and law enforcement agencies and with local, state, and federal prosecutors, provided that the recipient agrees to maintain the confidential or privileged status of the confidential or privileged work paper and has authority to do so.

(F) Notwithstanding divisions (A), (B), (C), and (D) of this section, the chief deputy rehabilitator, the chief deputy liquidator, and other deputy rehabilitators and liquidators may disclose work papers that are the subject of this section in the furtherance of any regulatory or legal action brought by or on behalf of the superintendent, the rehabilitator, the liquidator, or the state resulting from the exercise of the superintendent's official duties in any capacity.

(G) Nothing in this section shall prohibit the superintendent from receiving work papers in accordance with section 3901.045 of the Revised Code.

(H) The superintendent may enter into agreements governing the sharing and use of work papers consistent with the requirements of this section.

(I)(1) No waiver of any applicable privilege or claim of confidentiality in the work papers, or copies thereof, that are the subject of this section shall occur as a result of sharing or receiving work papers as authorized in divisions (D)(1), (E), and (G) of this section.

(2) The disclosure of work papers in connection with a regulatory or legal action pursuant to divisions (D)(2) and (F) of this section does not prohibit an insurer or any other person from taking steps to limit the dissemination of the work papers to persons not involved in or the subject of the regulatory or legal action on the basis of any recognized privilege arising under any other section of the Revised Code or the common law.

Section 3901.491 | Genetic screening or testing.

• Effective: April 6, 2023
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 281 - 134th General Assembly

(A) As used in this section:

(1) "Genetic screening or testing" means a laboratory test of a person's genes or chromosomes forgenotypes, mutations, or chromosomal changes, including carrier status, that are linked to physical or mental disorders or impairments, or that indicate a susceptibility to illness, disease, or other disorders, whether physical or mental, which test is a direct test for genotypes, mutations, or chromosomal changes, and not an indirect manifestation of genetic disorders.

(2) "Insurer" means any person authorized under Title XXXIX of the Revised Code to engage in the business of sickness and accident insurance.

(3) "Sickness and accident insurance" means sickness and accident insurance under Chapter 3923. of the Revised Code excluding disability income insurance and excluding supplemental policies of sickness and accident insurance.

(B) No insurer or public employee benefit plan shall do either of the following:

(1) Consider any information obtained from genetic screening or testing in processing an application for an individual or group policy of sickness and accident insurance or public employee benefit plan, or in determining insurability under such a policy or plan;

(2) Inquire, directly or indirectly, into the results of genetic screening or testing or use such information, in whole or in part, to cancel, refuse to issue or renew, limit benefits under, or set premiums for a sickness and accident insurance policy or public employee benefit plan.

(C) Any insurer or plan that has engaged in, is engaged in, or is about to engage in a violation of division (B) of this section is subject to the jurisdiction of the superintendent of insurance under section 3901.04 of the Revised Code.

Last updated March 10, 2023 at 12:24 PM

Section 3901.501 | Genetic screening or testing for self-insurance plans.

• Effective: April 6, 2023
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 281 - 134th General Assembly

(A) As used in this section:

(1) "Genetic screening or testing" means a laboratory test of a person's genes or chromosomes for genotypes, mutations, or chromosomal changes, including carrier status, that are linked to physical or mental disorders or impairments, or that indicate a susceptibility to illness, disease, or other disorders, whether physical or mental, which test is a direct test for genotypes, mutations, or chromosomal changes, and not an indirect manifestation of genetic disorders.

(2) "Self-insurer" means any government entity providing coverage for health care services on a self-insurance basis.

(B) Upon the repeal of section 3901.50 of the Revised Code, no self-insurer shall do either of the following:

(1) Consider any information obtained from genetic screening or testing in processing an application for coverage under a plan of self-insurance or in determining insurability under such a plan;

(2) Inquire, directly or indirectly, into the results of genetic screening or testing or use such information, in whole or in part, to cancel, refuse to provide or renew, or limit benefits under, a plan of self-insurance.

(C) Any self-insurer that has engaged in, is engaged in, or is about to engage in a violation of division (B) of this section is subject to the jurisdiction of the superintendent of insurance under section 3901.04 of the Revised Code.

Last updated March 10, 2023 at 12:25 PM

Section 3901.51 | Uncertified securities as deposits definitions.

• Effective: August 6, 2004
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 243 - 125th General Assembly

As used in sections 3901.51 to 3901.55 of the Revised Code:

(A) "Clearing corporation" has the same meaning as in section 1308.01 of the Revised Code, except that with respect to securities issued by institutions organized or existing under the laws of any foreign country or securities used to meet the deposit requirements pursuant to the laws of a foreign country as a condition of doing business in that country, "clearing corporation" includes a corporation that is organized or existing under the laws of any foreign country and is legally qualified under those laws to effect transactions in securities by computerized book-entry.

(B) "Direct participant" means a bank, trust company, or other entity that maintains an account in its name in a clearing corporation and through which an insurance company participates in a clearing corporation.

(C) "Federal reserve book-entry system" means the computerized systems sponsored by the United States department of the treasury and agencies and instrumentalities of the United States for holding and transferring securities of the United States government and agencies and instrumentalities in federal reserve banks through banks that are members of the federal reserve system or that otherwise have access to these computerized systems.

(D) "Member bank" means a national or state bank or a trust company that is a member of the federal reserve system and through which an insurance company participates in the federal reserve book-entry system.

(E) "Provisions of the insurance laws of this state" means provisions of Title XXXIX of the Revised Code related to the deposit of securities for the benefit and security of policyholders, and includes, but is not limited to, sections 3901.18, 3901.74, 3901.75, 3901.86, 3903.73, 3907.07, 3909.03, 3909.09, 3909.17, 3913.01, 3913.04, 3919.13, 3919.36, 3919.37, 3919.41, 3925.07, 3927.02, 3927.06, 3929.01, 3929.07, 3929.08, 3929.09, 3929.10, 3929.11, 3941.30, 3941.31, 3941.32, 3941.33, 3941.34, 3941.42, 3953.06, and 3953.11 of the Revised Code.

(F) "Securities" has the same meaning as in section 1308.01 of the Revised Code.

Section 3901.52 | Insurance company may place securities in clearing corporation or federal reserve book-entry system.

• Effective: September 28, 1990
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 629 - 118th General Assembly

(A) An insurance company may place or arrange for the placement of securities held in or purchased for its general account and its separate accounts in a clearing corporation or the federal reserve book-entry system. Ownership of, and other interest in, these securities may be transferred by bookkeeping entry on the books of the clearing corporation or in the federal reserve book-entry system without physical delivery of certificates representing these securities.

(B) The records of any member bank through which an insurance company holds securities in the federal reserve book-entry system, and the records of any direct participant through which an insurance company holds securities in a clearing corporation, shall show at all times that the securities are held for that insurance company and for which accounts of that insurance company they are held.

(C) When securities are placed with a clearing corporation, certificates representing securities of the same class of the same issuer may be merged and held in bulk in the name of the nominee of the clearing corporation with any other securities placed with the clearing corporation by any person regardless of the ownership of the securities, and certificates representing securities of small denominations may be merged into one or more certificates of larger denominations.

Section 3901.53 | Placement of securities shall satisfy deposit requirements.

• Effective: September 28, 1990
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 629 - 118th General Assembly

(A) Securities that are eligible for deposit under provisions of the insurance laws of this state may be placed with a clearing corporation or held in the federal reserve book-entry system.

(B) When an insurance company places or arranges for the placement of securities in a clearing corporation or in the federal reserve book-entry system, the securities so placed shall satisfy the deposit requirements under provisions of the insurance laws of this state, if all of the following conditions are satisfied:

(1) The securities shall be under the control of the superintendent of insurance;

(2) The securities shall not be withdrawn by the insurance company without the written approval of the superintendent;

(3) The placement shall be made pursuant to a written agreement between the insurance company and a direct participant or member bank. The agreement shall be approved in writing by the superintendent and shall limit withdrawals to those having the written approval of the department of insurance.

(4) The placement shall be credited by the department as a deposit in its possession on the basis of an affidavit of the insurance company describing the amount and nature of the securities;

(5) The insurance company holding the securities shall provide the superintendent with both of the following:

(a) Evidence issued by its direct participant or the member bank through which it has placed securities in a clearing corporation or in the federal reserve book-entry system. The evidence shall be in a form that is sufficient to establish that the securities are actually recorded in an account in the name of the direct participant or member bank.

(b) Evidence issued by its direct participant or the member bank that the records of the direct participant or member bank reflect that the securities are held subject to the written order of the superintendent.

Section 3901.54 | Securities may not be used for other purposes.

• Effective: September 28, 1990
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 629 - 118th General Assembly

No insurance company shall use, for any purpose other than to satisfy the deposit requirements under provisions of the insurance laws of this state, securities that have been placed in a clearing corporation or in the federal reserve book-entry system for the satisfaction of these requirements pursuant to division (B) of section 3901.53 of the Revised Code.

Section 3901.55 | Rules.

• Effective: September 28, 1990
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 629 - 118th General Assembly

The superintendent of insurance may adopt rules pursuant to Chapter 119. of the Revised Code to carry out the purposes of sections 3901.51, 3901.52, and 3901.53 of the Revised Code.

Section 3901.56 | Rewards or incentives for insurer wellness or health improvement programs.

• Effective: September 29, 2011
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 153 - 129th General Assembly

An insurer may offer a wellness or health improvement program that provides rewards or incentives, including merchandise; gift cards; debit cards; premium discounts or rebates; contributions to a health savings account; modifications to copayment, deductible, or coinsurance amounts; or any combination of these incentives, to encourage participation or to reward participation in the program.

A wellness or health improvement program offered by an insurer under this section shall not be construed to violate division (E) of section 1751.31 or division (G) of section 3901.21 of the Revised Code if the program is disclosed in the policy or plan.

The insured may be required to provide verification, such as a statement from their physician, that a medical condition makes it unreasonably difficult or medically inadvisable for the individual to participate in the wellness or health improvement program.

Nothing in this section shall prohibit an insurer from offering incentives or rewards to members for adherence to wellness or health improvement programs if otherwise allowed by federal law.

Nothing under division (C)(1) of section 3923.571 or section 3924.25 of the Revised Code shall be construed as prohibiting an insurer from offering a wellness or health improvement program or restricting the amount an employee is charged for coverage under a group policy after the application of any premium discounts or rebates, or modifying otherwise applicable copayments or deductibles for adherence to wellness or health improvement programs.

For purposes of this section, "insurer" means a life insurance company, sickness and accident insurer, multiple employer welfare arrangement, public employee benefit plan, or health insuring corporation.

Last updated February 9, 2022 at 3:03 PM

Section 3901.61 | Credit for reinsurance ceded definitions.

• Effective: June 29, 1994
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 89 - 120th General Assembly

As used in sections 3901.61 to 3901.65 of te Revised Code:

(A) "Assuming insurer" means an insurance company that accepts all or part of the risk underwritten by a ceding insurer.

(B) "Ceding insurer" means an insurance company that transfers all or part of the risk it underwrites to an assuming insurer.

Section 3901.62 | Credit for reinsurance ceded as asset or reduction of liability; accreditation as reinsurer.

• Effective: March 24, 2021
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 284 - 133rd General Assembly

(A) Except as provided in sections 3901.63 and 3901.64 of the Revised Code, a domestic ceding insurer that is authorized to do any insurance business in this state may take credit for any reinsurance ceded as either an asset or a reduction of liability only if one of the following applies:

(1) The reinsurance is ceded to an assuming insurer that is authorized to do any insurance or reinsurance business in this state.

(2) The reinsurance is ceded to an assuming insurer that is accredited by the superintendent of insurance as a reinsurer in this state in accordance with division (B) of this section.

(3) The reinsurance is ceded to an assuming insurer that is not authorized to do any insurance or reinsurance business in this state, provided the reinsurance is ceded to a reinsurance pool or other risk-sharing entity in which participation is required by law, rule, or regulation of the jurisdiction in which the pool or entity is located.

(4) The reinsurance is ceded to an assuming insurer that maintains a trust fund in a qualified United States financial institution, as defined in section 3901.63 of the Revised Code, for the payment of the valid claims of its United States policyholders and ceding insurers, and their assigns and successors in interest in accordance with division (C) of this section.

(5) The reinsurance is ceded to an assuming insurer that has been certified by the superintendent as a reinsurer in this state and that secures its obligations in accordance with division (D) of this section.

(6) The reinsurance is ceded to an assuming insurer that meets all of the conditions set forth in division (E) of this section.

(B)(1) In order to be eligible for accreditation under division (A)(2) of this section, the assuming insurer shall do all of the following:

(a) File with the superintendent evidence of its submission to this state's jurisdiction;

(b) Submit to this state's authority to examine its books and records;

(c) Maintain a license to transact insurance or reinsurance in at least one state or, in the case of a United States branch of a foreign or alien assuming insurer, be entered through and licensed to transact insurance or reinsurance in at least one state;

(d) File annually with the superintendent a copy of its annual statement filed with the insurance department of its state of domicile, and a copy of its most recent audited financial statement;

(e) Demonstrate to the satisfaction of the superintendent that it has adequate financial capacity to meet its reinsurance obligations and is otherwise qualified to assume reinsurance from domestic insurers.

(2) An assuming insurer is considered to meet the requirement of division (B)(1)(e) of this section as of the time of its application to the superintendent for accreditation if it maintains a surplus with regard to policyholders in an amount not less than twenty million dollars, and the superintendent has not denied its accreditation within ninety days after submission of its application.

(C)(1) A trust maintained by an assuming insurer under division (A)(4) of this section shall meet the following requirements:

(a) In the case of a single assuming insurer, the trust shall consist of a trusteed account representing the assuming insurer's liabilities attributable to business underwritten in the United States. A trusteed surplus of not less than twenty million dollars shall be maintained by the assuming insurer, except that at any time after the assuming insurer has permanently discontinued underwriting new business secured by the trust for at least three full years, the superintendent with principal regulatory oversight of the trust may authorize a reduction in the required trusteed surplus, but only after a finding, based on an assessment of the risk, that the new required surplus level is adequate for the protection of ceding insurers within the United States, policyholders, and claimants in light of reasonably foreseeable adverse loss development.

The risk assessment may involve an actuarial review, including an independent analysis of reserves and cash flows, and shall consider all material risk factors, including when applicable the lines of business involved, the stability of the incurred loss estimates, and the effect of the surplus requirements on the assuming insurer's liquidity or solvency.

The minimum required trusteed surplus shall not be reduced to an amount less than thirty per cent of the assuming insurer's liabilities attributable to reinsurance ceded by ceding insurers within the United States covered by the trust.

(b) In the case of a group of assuming insurers, including incorporated and individual unincorporated underwriters, the trust shall consist of a trusteed account representing the group's liabilities attributable to business written in the United States. A trusteed surplus shall be maintained by the group, of which surplus one hundred million dollars shall be held jointly for the benefit of the United States ceding insurers of any member of the group. The following requirements apply to the group of assuming insurers:

(i) The incorporated members of the group shall not engage in any business other than underwriting as a member of the group, and shall be subject to the same level of solvency regulation and control by the group's domiciliary regulator as are the unincorporated members.

(ii) The group shall make available to the superintendent of insurance an annual certification of the solvency of each underwriter in the group. The certification shall be provided by the group's domiciliary regulator and its independent public accountants.

(c) In the case of a group of incorporated insurers under common administration with aggregate policyholders' surplus of ten billion dollars that has continuously transacted an insurance business outside the United States for at least three years immediately prior to assuming reinsurance, the trust shall be in an amount equal to the group's several liabilities attributable to business ceded by United States ceding insurers to any member of the group pursuant to reinsurance contracts issued in the name of the group. A joint trusteed surplus shall be maintained by the group, of which surplus one hundred million dollars shall be held jointly for the benefit of United States ceding insurers of any member of the group as additional security for any such liabilities. The following requirements apply to the group of incorporated insurers:

(i) The group shall comply with all filing requirements contained in this section.

(ii) The books and records of the group shall be subject to examination by the superintendent in the same manner as the books and records of insurers are subject to examination by the superintendent in accordance with section 3901.07 of the Revised Code. The group shall bear the expenses of these examinations in the manner provided by that section.

(iii) Each member of the group shall make available to the superintendent an annual certification of the member's solvency by the member's domiciliary regulator and an independent public accountant.

(2) A trust maintained by an assuming insurer under division (A)(4) of this section shall remain in effect for as long as the assuming insurer has outstanding obligations due under the reinsurance agreements subject to the trust. The trust shall be in a form approved by the superintendent and shall include the following:

(a) The trust instrument shall provide that contested claims are valid and enforceable upon the final order of any court of competent jurisdiction in the United States.

(b) The trust shall vest legal title to its assets in the trustees of the trust for its United States policyholders and ceding insurers, and their assigns and successors in interest.

(c) The trust, and the assuming insurer maintaining the trust, shall allow the superintendent to conduct examinations in the same manner as the superintendent conducts examinations of insurers under section 3901.07 of the Revised Code.

(3) No later than the last day of February of each year, the trustees of a trust maintained by an assuming insurer under division (A)(4) of this section shall provide the superintendent with a written report setting forth the balance of the trust and listing the trust's investments as of the preceding thirty-first day of December. The trustees shall certify the date of the termination of the trust, if termination of the trust is planned, or shall certify that the trust does not expire prior to the following thirty-first day of December.

(4) To enable the superintendent to determine the sufficiency of a trust maintained by an assuming insurer under division (A)(4) of this section, the assuming insurer shall annually report information on the trust to the superintendent that is substantially the same as that information licensed insurers are required to report under sections 3907.19, 3909.06, and 3929.30 of the Revised Code on forms adopted under section 3901.77 of the Revised Code.

(D)(1) In order to be eligible for certification under division (A)(5) of this section, the assuming insurer shall do all of the following:

(a) Be domiciled and licensed to transact insurance or reinsurance in a qualified jurisdiction as determined by the superintendent pursuant to division (D)(3) of this section;

(b) Maintain minimum capital and surplus, or its equivalent, in an amount to be determined by the superintendent in rule or regulation;

(c) Maintain financial strength ratings from two or more rating agencies that meet criteria the superintendent sets forth in rule or regulation;

(d) Agree to submit to the jurisdiction of this state, appoint the superintendent as its agent for service of process in this state, and agree to provide security for one hundred per cent of the assuming insurer's liabilities attributable to reinsurance ceded by ceding insurers in the United States if it resists enforcement of a final judgment from the United States;

(e) Agree to meet applicable information filing requirements as determined by the superintendent with respect to an initial application for certification and on an ongoing basis;

(f) Satisfy any other requirements for certification considered relevant by the superintendent.

(2) An association, including incorporated and individual unincorporated underwriters, may be a certified reinsurer. In order to be eligible for certification, an association, in addition to satisfying the requirements of division (D)(1) of this section, shall also meet the following requirements:

(a) The association shall satisfy its minimum capital and surplus requirements through the capital and surplus equivalents (net of liabilities), or the net liabilities, of the association and its members which shall include a joint central fund that may be applied to any unsatisfied obligation of the association or any of its members, in an amount determined by the superintendent in order to provide adequate protection.

(b) The incorporated members of the association shall not be engaged in any business other than underwriting as a member of the association, and shall be subject to the same level of regulation and solvency control by the association's domiciliary regulator as the unincorporated members.

(c) The association shall provide the superintendent an annual certification by the association's domiciliary regulator of the solvency of each underwriter member within ninety days after its financial statements are due to be filed with the association's domiciliary regulator. If a certification is unavailable, the association shall provide the superintendent with financial statements prepared by independent public accountants of each underwriter member of the association.

(3) The superintendent shall create and publish a list of qualified jurisdictions under which an assuming insurer licensed and domiciled in such jurisdiction is eligible to be considered by the superintendent for certification as a certified reinsurer.

(a) The superintendent shall consider the list of qualified jurisdictions published through the national association of insurance commissioner's committee process in determining qualified jurisdictions. If the superintendent approves a jurisdiction as qualified that does not appear on the list, the superintendent shall provide justification in accordance with criteria to be developed by the superintendent under rule or regulation.

(b) Jurisdictions within the United States that meet the requirement for accreditation under the national association of insurance commissioner's financial standards and accreditation program shall be recognized as qualified.

(c) To determine if a domiciliary jurisdiction not located within the United States is eligible to be recognized as a qualified jurisdiction, the superintendent shall evaluate the appropriateness and effectiveness of the reinsurance supervisory system of the jurisdiction, both initially and on an ongoing basis, and consider the rights, benefits, and the extent of reciprocal recognition afforded by the jurisdiction to reinsurers licensed and domiciled in the United States.

(d) A qualified jurisdiction shall agree to share information and cooperate with the superintendent with respect to all certified reinsurers domiciled within that jurisdiction.

(e) A jurisdiction shall not be recognized as a qualified jurisdiction if the superintendent has determined that the jurisdiction does not adequately and promptly enforce final judgments and arbitration awards from the United States.

(f) If a certified reinsurer's domiciliary jurisdiction ceases to be a qualified jurisdiction, the superintendent may revoke the reinsurer's certification or suspend the reinsurer's certification indefinitely.

(g) The superintendent may consider additional factors as the superintendent considers appropriate.

(4) The superintendent shall assign a rating to each certified reinsurer giving due consideration to the financial strength ratings assigned by rating agencies pursuant to division (D)(1)(c) of this section. The superintendent shall publish a list of all certified reinsurers and their ratings.

(5) A certified reinsurer shall secure obligations assumed from a ceding insurer within the United States at a level consistent with its rating as specified by the superintendent in rule or regulation.

(a) Except as otherwise provided in division (D)(5) of this section, a certified reinsurer shall maintain security in a form acceptable to the superintendent and consistent with section 3901.63 of the Revised Code, or in a multibeneficiary trust on behalf of the ceding insurer in accordance with division (A)(4) of this section, in order for a domestic ceding insurer to qualify for full financial statement credit for reinsurance ceded to a certified reinsurer.

(b) If a certified reinsurer chooses to secure its obligations incurred as a certified reinsurer in the form of a multibeneficiary trust for the benefit of the ceding insurer, the certified reinsurer shall maintain separate trust accounts for its obligations incurred under reinsurance agreements issued or renewed as a certified reinsurer with reduced security as permitted by this division or comparable laws of other jurisdictions within the United States, and for its obligations subject to division (A)(4) of this section.

(c) Upon termination of any such trust account described in division (A)(4) of this section, a certified reinsurer shall be bound by the language of the trust and agreement with the superintendent that has principal regulatory oversight of each trust account to fund any deficiency of any other trust account out of the remaining surplus of such trust as a condition to certification under division (D)(1) of this section.

(d) The minimum trusteed surplus requirements provided in division (C) of this section are not applicable with respect to a multibeneficiary trust maintained by a certified reinsurer for the purpose of securing obligations incurred under division (A)(5) of this section, except that such trust shall maintain a minimum trusteed surplus of ten million dollars.

(e) With respect to obligations incurred by a certified reinsurer under division (A)(5) of this section, if the security is insufficient, the superintendent shall reduce the allowable credit by an amount proportionate to the deficiency, and the superintendent may impose further reductions in allowable credit upon finding that there is a material risk that the certified reinsurer's obligations will not be paid in full when due.

(f) Except as otherwise provided in division (D)(5) of this section, a reinsurer whose certification has been terminated for any reason shall be treated under this section as a certified reinsurer required to secure one hundred per cent of its obligations. The superintendent may continue to assign a higher rating to the reinsurer if the reinsurer is in inactive status or the reinsurer's certification has been suspended. As used in division (D)(5)(f) of this section, "terminated" means revocation, suspension, voluntary surrender, or inactive status.

(6) If an applicant for certification has been certified as a reinsurer in a national association of insurance commissioners accredited jurisdiction, the superintendent may defer to that jurisdiction's certification and rating assignment, and the assuming insurer shall be considered to be a certified reinsurer in this state.

(7) A certified reinsurer that ceases to assume new business in this state may request to maintain its certification in inactive status in order to continue to qualify for a reduction in security for its in-force business. An inactive certified reinsurer shall continue to comply with all applicable requirements of division (A)(5) of this section, and the superintendent shall assign a rating that takes into account, if relevant, the reasons why the reinsurer is not assuming new business.

(E)(1)(a) The assuming insurer shall have its head office, or be domiciled in, as applicable, and be licensed in a reciprocal jurisdiction.

(b)(i) The assuming insurer shall have and maintain, on an ongoing basis, minimum capital and surplus, or its equivalent, calculated according to the methodology of its domiciliary jurisdiction, in an amount to be set forth in rule adopted by the superintendent.

(ii) If the assuming insurer is an association, including incorporated and individual unincorporated underwriters, it shall have and maintain, on an ongoing basis, minimum capital and surplus equivalents, net of liabilities, calculated according to the methodology applicable in its domiciliary jurisdiction, and a central fund containing a balance in amounts determined by the superintendent in rule or regulation.

(c)(i) The assuming insurer shall have and maintain, on an ongoing basis, a minimum solvency or capital ratio, as applicable, that will be set forth in rule adopted by the superintendent.

(ii) If the assuming insurer is an association, including incorporated and individual unincorporated underwriters, it shall have and maintain, on an ongoing basis, a minimum solvency or capital ratio in the reciprocal jurisdiction where the assuming insurer has its head office or is domiciled, as applicable, and is also licensed.

(d) The assuming insurer shall agree and provide adequate assurance to the superintendent, in a form specified in rule adopted by the superintendent, as follows:

(i) The assuming insurer shall provide prompt written notice and explanation to the superintendent if it falls below the minimum requirements set forth in division (E)(1)(b) or (c) of this section, or if any regulatory action is taken against it for serious noncompliance with applicable law.

(ii) The assuming insurer shall consent in writing to the jurisdiction of the courts of this state and to the appointment of the superintendent as agent for service of process. The superintendent may require that consent for service of process be provided to the superintendent and included in each reinsurance agreement. Nothing in this provision shall be construed as limiting, or in any way altering, the capacity of parties to a reinsurance agreement to agree to alternative dispute resolution mechanisms, except to the extent such agreements are unenforceable under applicable insolvency or delinquency laws.

(iii) The assuming insurer shall consent in writing to pay all final judgments, wherever enforcement is sought, obtained by a ceding insurer or its legal successor, that have been declared enforceable in the jurisdiction where the judgment was obtained.

(iv) Each reinsurance agreement shall include a provision requiring the assuming insurer to provide security in an amount equal to one hundred per cent of the assuming insurer's liabilities attributable to reinsurance ceded pursuant to that agreement if the assuming insurer resists enforcement of a final judgment that is enforceable under the law of the jurisdiction in which it was obtained or a properly enforceable arbitration award, whether obtained by the ceding insurer or by its legal successor on behalf of its resolution estate.

(v) The assuming insurer shall confirm that it is not presently participating in any solvent scheme of arrangement that involves this state's ceding insurers, and agree to notify the ceding insurer and the superintendent and to provide security in an amount equal to one hundred per cent of the assuming insurer's liabilities to the ceding insurer, should the assuming insurer enter into such a solvent scheme of arrangement. Such security shall be in a form consistent with the provisions of division (A)(5) of this section and section 3901.63 of the Revised Code and as specified by the superintendent in rule or regulation.

(e) The assuming insurer or its legal successor shall provide, if requested by the superintendent, on behalf of itself and any legal predecessors, certain documentation to the superintendent, as specified in rule adopted by the superintendent.

(f) The assuming insurer shall maintain a practice of prompt payment of claims under reinsurance agreements, pursuant to criteria set forth in rule adopted by the superintendent.

(g) The assuming insurer's supervisory authority shall confirm to the superintendent on an annual basis, as of the preceding thirty-first day of December, or on the annual date that the assuming insurer is statutorily required to report to the reciprocal jurisdiction, that the assuming insurer complies with the requirements set forth in divisions (E)(1)(b) and (c) of this section.

(h) Nothing in division (E) of this section precludes an assuming insurer from providing the superintendent with information on a voluntary basis.

(2) The superintendent shall timely create and publish a list of reciprocal jurisdictions.

(a) The superintendent's list shall include any reciprocal jurisdiction as defined under divisions (E)(8)(b)(i) and (ii) of this section, and shall consider any other reciprocal jurisdiction included on the list compiled by the national association of insurance commissioners. The superintendent may approve a jurisdiction that does not appear on the national association of insurance commissioners' list of reciprocal jurisdictions in accordance with criteria established rules or regulations issued by the superintendent.

(b)(i) The superintendent may remove a jurisdiction from the list of reciprocal jurisdictions upon a determination that the jurisdiction no longer meets the requirements of a reciprocal jurisdiction, in accordance with a process set forth in rules or regulations issued by the superintendent, except that the superintendent shall not remove from the list a reciprocal jurisdiction as defined under division (E)(8)(b)(i) or (ii) of this section.

(ii) Upon removal of a reciprocal jurisdiction from this list credit for reinsurance ceded to an assuming insurer that has its home office or is domiciled in that jurisdiction shall be allowed, if otherwise allowed pursuant to sections 3901.61 to 3901.65 of the Revised Code.

(3)(a) The superintendent shall timely create and publish a list of assuming insurers that have satisfied the conditions set forth in division (E)(1) of this section and to which cessions shall be granted credit in accordance with this section.

(b) The superintendent may add an assuming insurer to such list if a jurisdiction accredited by the national association of insurance commissioners has added such assuming insurer to a list of such assuming insurers or if, upon initial eligibility, the assuming insurer submits the information to the superintendent as required under division (E)(1)(d) of this section and complies with any additional requirements that the superintendent may impose by rule or regulation, except to the extent that they conflict with an applicable covered agreement.

(4)(a) If the superintendent determines that an assuming insurer no longer meets one or more of the requirements prescribed in division (E)(1) of this section, the superintendent may revoke or suspend the eligibility of the assuming insurer for recognition under this section in accordance with rules adopted by the superintendent.

(b) While an assuming insurer's eligibility is suspended, no reinsurance agreement issued, amended, or renewed after the effective date of the suspension qualifies for credit except to the extent that the assuming insurer's obligations under the contract are secured in accordance with section 3901.63 of the Revised Code.

(c) If an assuming insurer's eligibility is revoked, no credit for reinsurance may be granted after the effective date of the revocation with respect to any reinsurance agreements entered into by the assuming insurer, including reinsurance agreements entered into prior to the date of revocation, except to the extent that the assuming insurer's obligations under the contract are secured in a form acceptable to the superintendent and consistent with the provisions of section 3901.63 of the Revised Code.

(5) If subject to a legal process of rehabilitation, liquidation, or conservation, as applicable, the ceding insurer, or its representative, may seek and, if determined appropriate by the court in which the proceedings are pending, may obtain an order requiring that the assuming insurer post security for all outstanding ceded liabilities.

(6) Nothing in division (E) of this section shall limit, or in any way alter, the capacity of parties to a reinsurance agreement to agree on requirements for security or other terms in that reinsurance agreement, except as expressly prohibited by sections 3901.61 to 3901.65 of the Revised Code or other applicable law, rule, or regulation.

(7)(a) Credit may be taken under division (E) of this section only for reinsurance agreements entered into, amended, or renewed on or after the effective date of this amendment, and only with respect to losses incurred and reserves reported on or after the later of the following:

(i) The date on which the assuming insurer has met all eligibility requirements pursuant to division (E)(1) of this section;

(ii) The effective date of the new reinsurance agreement, amendment, or renewal.

(b) Division (E)(7)(a) of this section does not alter or impair a ceding insurer's right to take credit for reinsurance, to the extent that credit is not available under division (E) of this section, as long as the reinsurance qualifies for credit under any other applicable provision of sections 3901.61 to 3901.65 of the Revised Code.

(c) Nothing in division (E)(7) of this section shall be construed as authorizing an assuming insurer to withdraw or reduce the security provided under any reinsurance agreement, except as permitted by the terms of the agreement.

(d) Nothing in division (E)(7) of this section shall limit, or in any way alter, the capacity of parties to any reinsurance agreement to renegotiate the agreement.

(8) As used in division (E) of this section:

(a) "Covered agreement" means an agreement entered into pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, 31 U.S.C. 313 and 314, that is currently in effect or in a period of provisional application and addresses the elimination, under specified conditions, of collateral requirements as a condition for entering into any reinsurance agreement with a ceding insurer domiciled in this state or for allowing the ceding insurer to recognize credit for reinsurance.

(b) "Reciprocal jurisdiction" means a jurisdiction that meets one of the following:

(i) A non-United States jurisdiciction that is subject to an in-force covered agreement with the United States, each within its legal authority, or, in the case of a covered agreement between the United States and the European Union, is a member state of the European Union;

(ii) A United States jurisdiction that meets the requirements for accreditation under the national association of insurance commissioners' financial standards and accreditation program;

(iii) A qualified jurisdiction, as determined by the superintendent pursuant to division (D)(3) of this section, that is not otherwise described in division (E)(8)(b)(i) or (ii) of this section, and that meets certain additional requirements, consistent with the terms and conditions of in-force covered agreements, as specified in rule adopted by the superintendent.

(F) An assuming insurer shall file a written instrument appointing an attorney as its agent in this state upon whom all service of process may be served. Service of process upon this agent shall bring the assuming insurer within the jurisdiction of the courts of this state as if served upon an agent pursuant to section 3927.03 of the Revised Code.

(G) Nothing in this section shall prohibit the parties to a reinsurance agreement from agreeing to provisions in the agreement establishing security requirements that exceed the minimum security requirements established for certified reinsurers under this section.

(H)(1) In order to facilitate the prompt payment of claims, the superintendent may permit a certified reinsurer to defer the posting of security for catastrophe recoverables for a period of up to one year from the date of the first instance of a liability reserve entry by the ceding insurer as a result of a loss from a catastrophic occurrence.

(2) Upon notice by the ceding insurer to the superintendent that the certified reinsurer has failed to pay claims owed under a reinsurance agreement in a timely manner, the superintendent shall notify the certified reinsurer that it is no longer permitted to defer the posting of security for catastrophe recoverables.

(3) Reinsurance recoverables for only the following lines of business, as reported on the national association of insurance commissioners' annual financial statement related specifically to the catastrophic occurrence, shall be included in the deferral:

(a) Fire;

(b) Allied lines;

(c) Farmowner's multiple peril;

(d) Homeowners multiple peril;

(e) Commercial multiple peril;

(f) Inland marine;

(g) Earthquake;

(h) Auto physical damage.

(4) The superintendent may adopt rules in accordance with Chapter 119. of the Revised Code to establish the process for a certified reinsurer to seek a deferral of posting of security for catastrophe recoverables.

Section 3901.621 | Suspension or revocation of reinsurer's accreditation or certification.

• Effective: September 4, 2014
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 140 - 130th General Assembly

(A) If a reinsurer accredited pursuant to division (B)(1) of section 3901.62 of the Revised Code or certified pursuant to division (D)(1) of that section ceases to meet the requirements for accreditation or certification, the superintendent may suspend or revoke the reinsurer's accreditation or certification after a hearing held pursuant to Chapter 119. of the Revised Code. The suspension or revocation shall not take effect until after the superintendent's order or hearing, unless one of the following applies:

(1) The reinsurer waives its right to a hearing.

(2) The superintendent's order is based on regulatory action by the reinsurer's domiciliary jurisdiction or the voluntary surrender or termination of the reinsurer's eligibility to transact insurance or reinsurance business in its domiciliary jurisdiction or in the primary certifying state of the reinsurer under division (D)(6) of section 3901.62 of the Revised Code.

(3) The superintendent finds that an emergency requires immediate action, and a court of competent jurisdiction has not stayed the superintendent's action.

(B) While a reinsurer's accreditation or certification is suspended, no reinsurance contract issued or renewed after the effective date of the suspension qualifies for credit except to the extent that the reinsurer's obligations under the contract are secured in accordance with section 3901.63 of the Revised Code.

(C) If the superintendent revokes a reinsurer's accreditation or certification, no credit for reinsurance may be granted under section 3901.62 or 3901.63 of the Revised Code after the effective date of the revocation except to the extent that the reinsurer's obligations under the contract are secured in accordance with division (D)(5) of section 3901.62 or section 3901.63 of the Revised Code.

Section 3901.63 | Credit for reinsurance ceded as reduction of liability.

• Effective: September 4, 2014
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 140 - 130th General Assembly

(A) If section 3901.62 of the Revised Code does not apply to the reinsurance ceded to an assuming insurer by a domestic ceding insurer that is authorized to do any insurance business in this state, the ceding insurer may take credit for the reinsurance ceded as a reduction of liability in an amount not exceeding the liabilities carried by the ceding insurer, if the ceding insurer complies with section 3901.64 of the Revised Code, and if funds are held directly by the ceding insurer or in trust on behalf of the ceding insurer, in accordance with this section, as security for the payment of obligations under the reinsurance contract with the assuming insurer.

(B)(1) If the funds are held directly by the ceding insurer under division (A) of this section, the funds shall be held in the United States and shall be under the exclusive control of, and subject to withdrawal solely by, the ceding insurer. If the funds are held in trust on behalf of the ceding insurer under division (A) of this section, the funds shall be held in the United States in a qualified United States financial institution.

(2) For the purposes of division (B)(1) of this section, a "United States financial institution" is qualified if both of the following apply:

(a) The institution is organized under or, in the case of a United States branch or agency office of a foreign banking organization, is chartered under the laws of the United States or any state thereof and has been granted authority to operate with fiduciary powers.

(b) The institution is regulated, supervised, and examined by federal or state officials that have regulatory authority over banks and trust companies.

(C) The funds held directly by the ceding insurer or in trust on behalf of the ceding insurer shall be in any of the following forms:

(1) Cash;

(2) Securities that are listed by the securities valuation office of the national association of insurance commissioners, including those considered exempt from filing as defined by the purposes and procedures manual of the securities valuation office, and that qualify as admitted assets;

(3) Irrevocable, unconditional, and automatically renewable letters of credit that are issued or confirmed by a qualified United States financial institution. For purposes of division (C)(3) of this section, a United States financial institution is qualified if all of the following apply:

(a) It is organized under or, in the case of a United States branch or agency office of a foreign banking organization, is chartered under the laws of the United States or any state thereof.

(b) It is regulated, supervised, and examined by federal or state officials that have regulatory authority over banks and trust companies.

(c) The superintendent of insurance or the securities valuation office of the national association of insurance commissioners has determined that it meets such standards of financial condition and standing as are considered necessary and appropriate for purposes of ensuring that its letters of credit will be of a quality that is acceptable to the superintendent.

(4) Any other form of security the superintendent determines to be acceptable.

(D) Notwithstanding any subsequent failure of an issuing or confirming financial institution to meet the standards of issuer acceptability set forth in division (C)(3) of this section, a letter of credit issued or confirmed by a financial institution that meets those standards on the date of the issuance or confirmation shall continue to be acceptable as security until its expiration, extension, renewal, modification, or amendment, whichever occurs first.

Section 3901.631 | Management of reinsurance recoverables by domestic ceding insurer.

• Effective: September 4, 2014
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 140 - 130th General Assembly

(A) A domestic ceding insurer shall take steps to manage its reinsurance recoverables proportionate to its own book of business.

(1) A domestic ceding insurer shall notify the superintendent within thirty days after reinsurance recoverables from any single assuming insurer, or group of affiliated assuming insurers, exceed fifty per cent of the domestic ceding insurer's last reported surplus to policyholders, or after it has determined that reinsurance recoverables from any single assuming insurer, or group of affiliated assuming insurers, are likely to exceed this limit.

(2) The notification required in division (A)(1) of this section shall demonstrate that the exposure is safely managed by the domestic ceding insurer.

(B) A domestic ceding insurer shall take steps to diversify its reinsurance program.

(1) A domestic ceding insurer shall notify the superintendent within thirty days after ceding to any single assuming insurer, or group of affiliated assuming insurers, more than twenty per cent of the ceding insurer's gross written premium in the prior calendar year, or after it has determined that the reinsurance ceded to any single assuming insurer, or group of affiliated assuming insurers, is likely to exceed this limit.

(2) The notification required in division (B)(1) of this section shall demonstrate that the exposure is safely managed by the domestic ceding insurer.

Section 3901.64 | Terms of reinsurance or security agreement.

• Effective: March 24, 2021
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 284 - 133rd General Assembly

(A) A domestic ceding insurer may take credit for any reinsurance ceded as provided in sections 3901.61 to 3901.63 of the Revised Code only if the reinsurance agreement contained in the reinsurance contract, and any agreement that provides security for the payment of the obligations under the reinsurance agreement, including any trust agreement, provide, in substance, for the following:

(1) In the event of the insolvency of the ceding insurer, the reinsurance, whether paid directly or from trust assets securing the reinsurance agreement, shall be payable by the assuming insurer on the basis of the liability of the ceding insurer under the policy or contract reinsured, without any diminution because the ceding insurer is insolvent or because the liquidator or statutory receiver has failed to pay all or any portion of any claims;

(2) The reinsurance payments, whether paid directly or from trust assets securing the reinsurance agreement, shall be made by the assuming insurer directly to the ceding insurer, or in the event of its insolvency or liquidation, to its liquidator or statutory receiver except where the reinsurance contract or other written agreement specifically provides for direct payment of the reinsurance to the insured or beneficiary of the insurance policy in the event of the insolvency of the ceding insurer.

(B)(1) The reinsurance agreement may provide that the domiciliary liquidator or statutory receiver shall give written notice to the assuming insurer that a claim is pending against the ceding insurer on the policy or contract reinsured. The notice shall be given within a reasonable amount of time after the claim is filed with the liquidator or statutory receiver. During the pendency of the claim, any assuming insurer may investigate the claim and interpose, at its own expense, in the proceeding where the claim is to be adjudicated any defenses which it deems to be available to the ceding insurer or its liquidator.

(2) The expense may be filed as a claim against the insolvent ceding insurer to the extent of a proportionate share of the benefit that may accrue to the ceding insurer solely as a result of the defense undertaken by the assuming insurer. Where two or more assuming insurers are involved in the same claim and a majority in interest elect to interpose a defense to the claim, the expense shall be apportioned in accordance with the terms of the reinsurance agreement as though the expense had been incurred by the ceding insurer.

(C) If the assuming insurer is not licensed, or accredited or certified to transact insurance or reinsurance in this state, the credit permitted by division (A)(4) of section 3901.62 of the Revised Code shall not be allowed unless the assuming insurer agrees to do both of the following in the reinsurance agreements:

(1)(a) If the assuming insurer fails to perform its obligations under the terms of the reinsurance agreement, at the request of the ceding insurer, the assuming insurer shall submit to the jurisdiction of any court of competent jurisdiction in any state within the United States, comply with all requirements necessary to give the court jurisdiction, and abide by the final decision of the court or of any appellate court in the event of an appeal.

(b) The assuming insurer shall designate the superintendent or a designated attorney as its true and lawful attorney upon whom may be served any lawful process in any action, suit, or proceeding instituted by or on behalf of the ceding insurer.

(2) This division is not intended to conflict with or override the obligation of the parties to a reinsurance agreement to arbitrate their disputes, if this obligation is created in the agreement.

(D) If the assuming insurer does not meet the requirements of division (A)(1), (2), (3), or (6) of section 3901.62 of the Revised Code, the credit permitted by divisions (A)(4) and (5) of that section shall not be allowed unless the assuming insurer agrees in the trust agreements to the following conditions:

(1) Notwithstanding any other provisions in the trust instrument, if the trust fund is inadequate because it contains an amount less than the amount required by division (C)(1) of section 3901.62 of the Revised Code, or if the grantor of the trust has been declared insolvent or placed into receivership, rehabilitation, liquidation, or similar proceedings under the laws of its state or country of domicile, the trustee shall comply with an order of the superintendent with regulatory oversight over the trust or with an order of a court of competent jurisdiction directing the trustee to transfer to the superintendent with regulatory oversight all of the assets of the trust fund.

(2) The assets shall be distributed by, and claims shall be filed with and valued by, the superintendent with regulatory oversight in accordance with the laws of the state, in which the trust is domiciled, that are applicable to the liquidation of domestic insurance companies.

(3) If the superintendent with regulatory oversight determines that the assets of the trust fund, or any part thereof, are not necessary to satisfy the claims of the ceding insurers within the United States or the grantor of the trust, the superintendent with regulatory oversight shall return the assets or part thereof to the trustee for distribution in accordance with the trust agreement.

(4) The grantor shall waive any right otherwise available to it under the laws of the United States that are inconsistent with this division.

Section 3901.65 | Rules.

• Effective: June 29, 1994
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 89 - 120th General Assembly

The superintendent of insurance may adopt rules, in accordance with Chapter 119. of the Revised Code, to carry out the purposes of sections 3901.61 to 3901.65 of the Revised Code, including a rule regarding the standards of acceptability of letters of credit and other forms of security for purposes of division (C) of section 3901.63 of the Revised Code.

Section 3901.67 | Disclosure of material transactions model act definitions.

• Effective: March 3, 1996
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 374 - 121st General Assembly

As used in sections 3901.67 to 3901.70 of the Revised Code:

(A) "Material acquisition" means an acquisition, or a series of related acquisitions during any thirty-day period, that is nonrecurring and not in the ordinary course of business and involves more than five per cent of the reporting insurer's total admitted assets as reported in its most recent statutory financial statement filed with the department of insurance.

(B) "Material disposition" means a disposition, or a series of related dispositions during any thirty-day period, that is nonrecurring and not in the ordinary course of business and involves more than five per cent of the reporting insurer's total admitted assets as reported in its most recent statutory financial statement filed with the department of insurance.

(C) "Material nonrenewal, cancellation, or revision of ceded reinsurance agreements" means a nonrenewal, cancellation, or revision of ceded insurance that affects more than fifty per cent of an insurer's ceded written premium, or more than fifty per cent of an insurer's total ceded indemnity and loss adjustment reserves, for property and casualty business, including accident and health business when written as such. "Material nonrenewal, cancellation, or revision of ceded reinsurance agreements" also means a nonrenewal, cancellation, or revision of ceded insurance that affects more than fifty per cent of the total reserve credit taken for business ceded for life, annuity, and accident and health business, where the ceded written premium or total reserve credit taken is calculated on an annualized basis as indicated in the insurer's most recently filed statutory financial statement.

A nonrenewal, cancellation, or revision of ceded insurance is not material for property and casualty business, including accident and health business when written as such, if the insurer's total ceded written premium represents, on an annualized basis, less than ten per cent of its total written premium for direct and assumed business. A nonrenewal, cancellation, or revision of ceded insurance is not material for life, annuity, and accident and health business, if the total reserve credit taken for business ceded represents less than ten per cent of the statutory reserve requirements prior to any cession.

Section 3901.68 | Provisions application.

• Effective: March 3, 1996
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 374 - 121st General Assembly

Sections 3901.67 to 3901.70 of the Revised Code apply to all of the following:

(A) Asset acquisitions, including every purchase, lease, exchange, merger, consolidation, succession, or other acquisition other than the construction or development of real property by or for the reporting insurer, or the acquisition of materials for such purpose.

(B) Asset dispositions, including every sale, lease, exchange, merger, consolidation, mortgage, hypothecation, assignment whether for the benefit of creditors or otherwise, abandonment, destruction, or other disposition.

(C) Nonrenewals, cancellations, or revisions of ceded reinsurance, without regard to which party has initiated the transaction, whenever one or more of the following conditions exists:

(1) The entire cession has been canceled, and nonrenewed or revised and ceded indemnity and loss adjustment expense reserves after any nonrenewal, cancellation, or revision represents less than fifty per cent of the comparable reserves that would have been ceded had the nonrenewal, cancellation, or revision not occurred.

(2) An authorized reinsurer has been replaced on an existing cession by an unauthorized reinsurer, and the revision affects more than ten per cent of the cession.

(3) Collateral requirements previously established for unauthorized reinsurers have been reduced, and the revision affects more than ten per cent of the cession.

Section 3901.69 | Insurer to report material transactions.

• Effective: March 3, 1996
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 374 - 121st General Assembly

(A) Each insurer domiciled in this state shall file a report with the superintendent of insurance disclosing material acquisitions and material dispositions of assets, and material nonrenewals, cancellations, or revisions of ceded reinsurance agreements, unless such transactions previously have been reported to the superintendent for review, approval, or information purposes, pursuant to another provision of Title XXXIX of the Revised Code. The report shall be in the form prescribed by the superintendent by rule. One complete copy of the report, including any exhibits and attachments, shall be filed with the superintendent within fifteen days after the end of the calendar month in which any of the transactions occurs.

(B) Each report of a material acquisition or disposition of assets shall include the following information:

(1) The date of the transaction;

(2) The manner of acquisition or disposition;

(3) A description of the assets involved;

(4) The nature and amount of the consideration given or received;

(5) The purpose of, or reason for, the transaction;

(6) The manner by which the amount of consideration was determined;

(7) The gain or loss recognized or realized as a result of the transaction;

(8) The names of the person or persons from whom the assets were acquired or to whom they were disposed.

(C) Each insurer shall report material acquisitions and material dispositions on a nonconsolidated basis, unless the insurer is part of a consolidated group of insurers that utilizes a pooling arrangement or a one hundred per cent reinsurance agreement that affects the solvency and integrity of the insurer's reserves and the insurer has ceded substantially all of its direct and assumed business to the pool. The insurer is deemed to have ceded substantially all of its direct and assumed business to the pool if both of the following apply:

(1) The insurer has less than one million dollars total direct plus assumed written premiums during a calendar year that are not subject to the pooling arrangement;

(2) The net income of the insurer that is not subject to the pooling arrangement represents less than five per cent of the insurer's capital and surplus.

(D) Each report of a material nonrenewal, cancellation, or revision of ceded reinsurance agreements shall include the following information:

(1) The effective date of the nonrenewal, cancellation, or revision;

(2) A description of the transaction;

(3) The purpose of, or reason for, the transaction;

(4) If applicable, the identity of the replacement reinsurers;

(5) The identity of the person initiating the transaction.

(E) Each insurer shall report all material nonrenewals, cancellations, or revisions of ceded reinsurance agreements on a nonconsolidated basis, unless the insurer is part of a consolidated group of insurers that utilizes a pooling arrangement or a one hundred per cent reinsurance agreement that affects the solvency and integrity of the insurer's reserves and the insurer has ceded substantially all of its direct and assumed business to the pool. The insurer is deemed to have ceded substantially all of its direct and assumed business to the pool if both of the following apply:

(1) The insurer has less than one million dollars total direct plus assumed written premiums during a calendar year that are not subject to the pooling arrangement;

(2) The net income of the insurer that is not subject to the pooling arrangement represents less than five per cent of the insurer's capital and surplus.

Section 3901.70 | Confidentiality of reports - exceptions.

• Effective: June 18, 2002
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 138 - 124th General Assembly

(A) Each report obtained by or disclosed to the superintendent of insurance pursuant to sections 3901.67 to 3901.70 of the Revised Code is confidential and privileged and is not subject to subpoena. Except as provided in division (B) of this section, the report shall not be made public by the superintendent or any other persons.

(B) Notwithstanding division (A) of this section, the superintendent may do any of the following:

(1) Disclose a report that is the subject of this section upon obtaining a prior written consent from the insurer to which the report pertains;

(2) Share a report that is the subject of this section with the chief deputy rehabilitator, the chief deputy liquidator, other deputy rehabilitators and liquidators, and any other person employed by, or acting on behalf of, the superintendent pursuant to Chapter 3901. or 3903. of the Revised Code, with other local, state, federal, and international regulatory and law enforcement agencies, with local, state, and federal prosecutors, and with the national association of insurance commissioners and its affiliates and subsidiaries, provided that the recipient agrees to maintain the confidential or privileged status of the confidential or privileged report and has authority to do so;

(3) Disclose a report that is the subject of this section in the furtherance of any regulatory or legal action brought by or on behalf of the superintendent or the state, resulting from the exercise of the superintendent's official duties;

(4) Disclose or publish all or any part of a report that is the subject of this section in such a manner as the superintendent considers appropriate after conducting a hearing in accordance with Chapter 119. of the Revised Code and determining that the interests of policyholders, shareholders, or the public will be served by the disclosure or publication of the report.

(C) Notwithstanding divisions (A) and (B) of this section, the superintendent may authorize the national association of insurance commissioners and its affiliates and subsidiaries by agreement to share confidential or privileged reports received pursuant to division (B)(2) of this section with local, state, federal, and international regulatory and law enforcement agencies and with local, state, and federal prosecutors, provided that the recipient agrees to maintain the confidential or privileged status of the confidential or privileged report and has authority to do so.

(D) Notwithstanding divisions (A) and (B) of this section, the chief deputy rehabilitator, the chief deputy liquidator, and other deputy rehabilitators and liquidators may disclose a report that is the subject of this section in the furtherance of any regulatory or legal action brought by or on behalf of the superintendent, the rehabilitator, the liquidator, or the state resulting from the exercise of the superintendent's official duties in any capacity.

(E) Nothing in this section shall prohibit the superintendent from receiving reports in accordance with section 3901.045 of the Revised Code.

(F) The superintendent may enter into agreements governing the sharing, use, and disclosure of reports consistent with the requirements of this section.

(G)(1) No waiver of any applicable privilege or claim of confidentiality in the reports that are the subject of this section shall occur as a result of sharing or receiving reports as authorized in divisions (B)(2), (C), and (E) of this section.

(2) The disclosure of a report in connection with a regulatory or legal action pursuant to divisions (B)(3) and (D) of this section does not prohibit an insurer or any other person from taking steps to limit the dissemination of the report to persons not involved in or the subject of the regulatory or legal action on the basis of any recognized privilege arising under any other section of the Revised Code or the common law.

Section 3901.71 | Application of mandated health benefits.

• Effective: November 24, 1995
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 150 - 121st General Assembly

(A) As used in this section, "mandated health benefits" means any required coverage, or required offering of coverage, for the expenses of specified services, treatments, or diseases under any policy, contract, plan, or other arrangement providing sickness and accident or other health benefits to policyholders, subscribers, or members.

(B) Any provision for mandated health benefits contained in a law enacted by the general assembly after January 14, 1993, shall not be applied to any policy, contract, plan, or other arrangement providing sickness and accident or other health benefits until the superintendent of insurance determines, pursuant to a hearing conducted in accordance with Chapter 119. of the Revised Code, that the provision can be applied fully and equally in all respects to employee benefit plans subject to regulation by the federal "Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974," 88 Stat. 832, 29 U.S.C.A. 1001, as amended, and to employee benefit plans established or modified by the state or any political subdivision of the state, or by any agency or instrumentality of the state or any political subdivision of the state.

Section 3901.72 | Money advanced to insurance company or health insuring corporation.

• Effective: September 26, 2003
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 95 - 125th General Assembly

Any person may advance to a domestic insurance company or a health insuring corporation any sum of money necessary for the purpose of the insurance company's or health insuring corporation's business, or to enable the insurance company or health insuring corporation to comply with any law, or as a cash guarantee fund. Such money, and interest agreed upon, shall not be a liability or claim against the insurance company or health insuring corporation, or any of its assets, except as provided in this section, and shall be repaid only out of the surplus earnings of such insurance company or health insuring corporation. Except as ordered by the superintendent of insurance, no part of the principal or interest thereof shall be repaid until the surplus of the insurance company or health insuring corporation remaining after such repayment is equal in amount to the principal of the money so advanced. Such advancement and repayment shall be subject to the approval of the superintendent, provided that this section shall not affect the power to borrow money which any such insurance company or health insuring corporation possesses under other laws. No commission or promotion expenses shall be paid by the insurance company or health insuring corporation, in connection with the advance of any such money to the insurance company or health insuring corporation, and the amount of any such unpaid advance shall be reported in each annual statement.

Section 3901.73 | Department to forward copy of late filing notice to board of directors.

• Effective: June 18, 2002
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 171 - 124th General Assembly

The department of insurance shall forward a copy of any written notice received from any insurance company or health insuring corporation domiciled in this state that the insurer or health insuring corporation will be late in making the filing of any quarterly or annual financial statement, required under Title XXXIX or Chapter 1751. of the Revised Code, to the board of directors of the insurer or health insuring corporation required to file the financial statement. The department shall also provide the board the date on which the department received the notice.

Section 3901.74 | Notice of life insurance company discontinuing business.

• Effective: September 1, 2002
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 129 - 124th General Assembly

When a life insurance company doing business in this state decides to discontinue its business, the superintendent of insurance upon the application of the company or association shall give notice, at its expense, of such intention at least once a week for six weeks in a newspaper published and of general circulation in the county in which the company or its general agency is located. After such publication, the superintendent shall deliver to the company or association its securities held by the superintendent, if the superintendent is satisfied on an exhibition of its books and papers, and on an examination made by the superintendent or by some competent, disinterested person appointed by the superintendent, and upon the oath of the president or principal officer and the secretary or actuary of the company, that all debts and liabilities due or to become due upon any contract or agreement made with any citizen or resident of the United States are paid and extinguished. The superintendent may deliver to the company or association or its assigns any portion of the securities on being satisfied that an equal proportion of the debts and liabilities due or to become due upon any such contract or agreement have been satisfied, if the amount of securities retained by the superintendent is not less than twice the amount of the remaining liabilities.

Section 3901.75 | Notice of insurance companies other than life discontinuing business.

• Effective: September 1, 2002
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 129 - 124th General Assembly

When any insurance company or corporation other than life, which company or corporation has made a deposit with the superintendent of insurance, intends to discontinue its business in this state, the superintendent, upon the application of the company or corporation, shall give notice at its expense of such intention at least once a week for six weeks in three newspapers of general circulation in the state.

After such publication, the superintendent shall deliver to the company or association its securities held by the superintendent, if the superintendent is satisfied by the affidavits of the principal officers of the company, and on an examination made by the superintendent or by some competent, disinterested person appointed by the superintendent if the superintendent deems it necessary, that all liabilities and obligations which the deposit has been made to secure have been paid and extinguished. The superintendent may deliver to the company or its assigns, under like condition, any portion of the securities on being satisfied that an equal proportion of the liabilities and obligations have been satisfied, if the amount of securities retained by the superintendent is not less than twice the amount of the remaining liabilities and obligations.

Section 3901.76 | Security valuation expense fund.

• Effective: September 1, 2002
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 129 - 124th General Assembly

As used in this section, "securities" means the stocks, bonds, debentures, and other assets subject from time to time to valuation by the committee on valuation of securities of the national association of insurance commissioners.

For the purpose of enabling the superintendent of insurance to secure the analyses, reports, and information developed by the committee on valuation of securities of the national association of insurance commissioners and to pay for such information by cooperating with other states in defraying the expenses of the committee in the investigation, analysis, and valuation of securities and the determination of amortizability of bonds owned by life insurance companies for the purpose of furnishing to the several states on a uniform basis the information needed in the supervision of insurance companies licensed to transact business in the several states, there is hereby created in the state treasury the security valuation expense fund.

The superintendent may collect and disburse, in cooperation with supervisory officials of other states, the moneys obtained through assessments as provided in this section. All moneys which are paid into the fund shall be used only for the purpose of this section.

The superintendent may contract with the committee to make available to the department of insurance the analyses, reports, and information developed by the committee and, after taking into consideration similar payments that may be made by other states, may make payment to the committee to the extent authorized by this section, on account of the expenses of the committee, from the fund.

The superintendent shall periodically obtain from the committee a verified budget estimate of the receipts and of the expenses to be incurred by the committee for a stated period, not exceeding one year, with appropriate explanations of the estimates therein contained.

If the superintendent is satisfied as to the reasonableness of the budget estimate, the superintendent shall determine the portion of the moneys required by the budget estimate, to be assessed as provided in this section, by deducting from the budget estimate or from the sum of two hundred fifty thousand dollars, whichever is less, any amounts received or receivable by the committee from states with laws that do not substantially conform to the method of assessment provided in this section and applying to the remainder the proportion that the total investments in securities of domestic life insurers bear to the total investments in securities of life insurers domiciled in this and other states with laws that authorize and require assessments on substantially the same basis as provided in this section. The superintendent shall thereafter, as soon as convenient, by notice stating the method of computation thereof, assess the amount to be paid on account of such expenses, pro rata upon all domestic life insurers in the proportion that the total investments in securities of each domestic life insurer bear to the total investments in securities of all domestic life insurers. The total investments in securities of any life insurer for purposes of this section shall be the total admitted value of the securities reported as such in its annual statement last filed prior to such assessment with the department or with the supervisory officials of its state of domicile. Upon receipt of the notice each domestic life insurance company shall within thirty days thereafter pay the amount of the assessment to the superintendent, who shall deposit the amount in the state treasury to the credit of the fund. The superintendent shall make such disbursements from the fund in amounts and at the times determined by the superintendent under the superintendent's contract with the committee.

The superintendent shall require annually, and at such other times as the superintendent considers necessary or advisable, a duly certified audit of receipts and disbursements and statement of assets and liabilities, showing the details of the financial operations of the committee.

Section 3901.77 | Forms, instructions, manuals - determination of accounting practices and methods.

• Effective: September 1, 2002
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 129, Senate Bill 171 - 124th General Assembly

(A) The superintendent of insurance shall adopt the forms, instructions, and manuals prescribed by the national association of insurance commissioners, for the preparation and filing of statutory financial statements and other financial information. However, the superintendent may by rule adopt modifications to the prescribed forms, instructions, and manuals as the superintendent considers necessary.

(B) For circumstances not addressed by the forms, instructions, and manuals prescribed by the national association of insurance commissioners, the superintendent may determine accounting practices and methods for purposes of preparing statutory financial statements and other financial information.

(C) The superintendent shall furnish each domestic insurance company the forms for the filing of statutory financial statements and other financial information required to be made by it.

The Legislative Service Commission presents the text of this section as a composite of the section as amended by multiple acts of the General Assembly. This presentation recognizes the principle stated in R.C. 1.52(B) that amendments are to be harmonized if reasonably capable of simultaneous operation.

Section 3901.78 | Certificate of compliance.

• Effective: September 29, 2005
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 66 - 126th General Assembly

Upon request or in any other circumstance that the superintendent of insurance determines to be appropriate, the superintendent may issue certificates of compliance to insurance companies and associations authorized to do business in this state, which shall be on either forms established by the national association of insurance commissioners or on such other forms as the superintendent may prescribe.

Section 3901.80 | Discriminating against living organ donors.

• Effective: July 6, 2022
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 188 - 134th General Assembly

(A) As used in this section:

(1) "Living organ donor" means a living person who donates an organ to another living person.

(2) "Policy of insurance" means a life insurance policy, disability insurance policy, or long-term care insurance policy.

(B) Notwithstanding any provision of law to the contrary, an insurer shall not unfairly discriminate against a living organ donor in the offering, issuance, premium, or conditions of a policy of insurance based solely, and without any additional actuarial risks, on that person's status as a living organ donor.

(C) A violation of division (B) of this section shall be considered an unfair and deceptive practice in the business of insurance under section 3901.21 of the Revised Code.

(D) The superintendent of insurance may adopt rules as necessary to carry out the requirements of this section.

Last updated May 5, 2022 at 12:14 PM

Section 3901.81 | Definitions.

• Effective: March 23, 2015
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 258 - 130th General Assembly

As used in this section and sections 3901.811 to 3901.815 of the Revised Code:

(A) "Auditing entity" means any person or government entity that performs a pharmacy audit, including a payer, a pharmacy benefit manager, or a third-party administrator licensed under Chapter 3959. of the Revised Code.

(B) "Business day" means any day of the week excluding Saturday, Sunday, and a legal holiday, as defined in section 1.14 of the Revised Code.

(C) "Concurrent review" means a claims review within five business days of submission of claims for payment for the provision of dangerous drugs for which the payer or the auditing entity does not impose a penalty or demand to recoup money from the pharmacy in any amount.

(D) "Dangerous drug," "pharmacy," "practice of pharmacy," and "prescription" have the same meanings as in section 4729.01 of the Revised Code.

(E) "Payer" means any of the following that pays for or processes a claim for payment for the provision of dangerous drugs or pharmacy services:

(1) A health insuring corporation, as defined in section 1751.01 of the Revised Code;

(2) A person authorized to engage in the business of sickness and accident insurance under Title XXXIX of the Revised Code;

(3) A person or government entity providing coverage of dangerous drugs or pharmacy services to individuals on a self-insurance basis;

(4) A group health plan, as defined in 29 U.S.C. 1167;

(5) A service benefit plan, as referenced in 42 U.S.C. 1396a(a)(25);

(6) A medicaid managed care organization that has entered into a contract with the department of medicaid pursuant to section 5167.10 of the Revised Code;

(7) Any other person or government entity that is, by law, contract, or agreement, responsible for paying for or processing a claim for payment for the provision of dangerous drugs or pharmacy services.

(F) "Pharmacy audit" means a review of one or more pharmacy records conducted by an auditing entity, one purpose of which is to identify discrepancies in claims for payment for the provision of dangerous drugs or pharmacy services. "Pharmacy audit" does not include concurrent review.

(G) "Pharmacy benefit manager" means a person that provides administrative services related to the processing of claims for payment for the provision of dangerous drugs or pharmacy services, including performing pharmacy audit compliance, negotiating pharmaceutical rebate agreements, developing and managing drug formularies and preferred drug lists, and administering programs for payers' prior authorization of claims for payment for the provision of dangerous drugs or pharmacy services.

(H) "Pharmacy record" means any record stored electronically or as a hard copy by a pharmacy that relates to the provision of dangerous drugs or pharmacy services or any other component of pharmacist care that is included in the practice of pharmacy.

Section 3901.811 | Pharmacy audits.

• Effective: January 1, 2021
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 339 - 133rd General Assembly

(A) Except as provided in division (B) of this section, an auditing entity is subject to all of the following conditions when performing a pharmacy audit in this state:

(1) If it is necessary that the pharmacy audit be performed on the premises of a pharmacy, the auditing entity shall give the pharmacy that is the subject of the audit written notice of the date or dates on which the audit will be performed and the range of prescription numbers from which the auditing entity will select pharmacy records to audit. Notice of the date or dates on which the audit will be performed shall be given not less than ten business days before the date the audit is to commence. Notice of the range of prescription numbers from which the auditing entity will select pharmacy records to audit shall be received by the pharmacy not less than seven business days before the date the audit is to commence.

(2) The auditing entity shall not include in the pharmacy audit a review of a claim for payment for the provision of dangerous drugs or pharmacy services if the date of the pharmacy's initial submission of the claim for payment occurred more than twenty-four months before the date the audit commences.

(3) Absent an indication that there was an error in the dispensing of a drug, the auditing entity or payer shall not seek to recoup from the pharmacy that is the subject of the audit any amount that the pharmacy audit identifies as being the result of clerical or recordkeeping errors in the absence of financial harm. For purposes of this provision, an error in the dispensing of a drug is any of the following: selecting an incorrect drug, issuing incorrect directions, or dispensing a drug to the incorrect patient.

(4) The auditing entity shall not use the accounting practice of extrapolation when calculating a monetary penalty to be imposed or amount to be recouped as the result of the pharmacy audit.

(B)(1) The condition in division (A)(1) of this section does not apply if, prior to the audit, the auditing entity has evidence, from its review of claims data, statements, or physical evidence or its use of other investigative methods, indicating that fraud or other intentional or willful misrepresentation exists.

(2) The condition in division (A)(3) of this section does not apply if the auditing entity has evidence, from its review of claims data, statements, or physical evidence or its use of other investigative methods, indicating that fraud or other intentional or willful misrepresentation exists.

(3) Division (A)(4) of this section does not apply when the accounting practice of extrapolation is required by state or federal law.

Section 3901.812 | Rights of pharmacy.

• Effective: March 23, 2015
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 258 - 130th General Assembly

A pharmacy may do any of the following when a pharmacy audit is performed:

(A) Validate a pharmacy record by using original or photocopied records from hospitals, physicians, or other health care providers;

(B) Validate one or more claims for payment for the provision of dangerous drugs or pharmacy services by using either of the following:

(1) An original pharmacy record or photocopy of the record;

(2) An original prescription or photocopy of the prescription in any form that constitutes a valid prescription in this state, including a written prescription, a prescription made through an electronic prescribing system, a prescription delivered by facsimile, a prescription made by issuing an order for medication administration, and the record a pharmacist maintains under section 4729.37 of the Revised Code documenting a prescription received by telephone.

(C) Resubmit a disputed or denied claim for payment using any commercially reasonable method of resubmission, including resubmission by facsimile, mail, or electronic means, as long as the time period for resubmissions established by the relevant payer has not expired.

Section 3901.813 | Proceedings after audit.

• Effective: March 23, 2015
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 258 - 130th General Assembly

(A) Except as provided in division (B) of this section, all of the following apply after a pharmacy audit is completed:

(1) A pharmacy shall be given not less than thirty days from the date of the on-site audit to provide the auditing entity any additional information necessary to complete the preliminary audit report.

(2) Not later than sixty business days after the audit is completed, the auditing entity shall deliver a preliminary audit report to the pharmacy that was the subject of the audit.

(3) A pharmacy that disputes any finding in the preliminary audit report may submit documentation to the auditing entity to appeal the finding. A pharmacy shall be given not less than thirty business days to make the submission and may request an extension of the time period given. The auditing entity shall grant a request for an extension if it is reasonable.

A pharmacy's submission of documentation to appeal the finding shall be made in accordance with the procedure the auditing entity has established under section 3901.814 of the Revised Code.

(4)(a) An auditing entity shall deliver a final audit report to the pharmacy that was the subject of the audit. Except as provided in division (A)(4)(b) of this section, the report shall be delivered not later than one hundred twenty business days after the pharmacy's receipt of a preliminary audit report.

(b) If an auditing entity has granted a pharmacy's request for an extension of the time to submit documentation to appeal a finding in the preliminary audit report under division (A)(3) of this section, the time limit described in division (A)(4)(a) of this section for the delivery of the final audit report is waived. Instead, the auditing entity shall deliver the final audit report not later than one hundred twenty days after the pharmacy's submission of the documentation.

(B) The provisions of division (A) of this section do not apply if the auditing entity has evidence, from its review of claims data, statements, or physical evidence or its use of other investigative methods, indicating that fraud or other intentional or willful misrepresentation exists.

Section 3901.814 | Appeal process.

• Effective: March 23, 2015
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 258 - 130th General Assembly

Each auditing entity in this state shall establish in writing separate procedures for a pharmacy to appeal one or more findings in a preliminary audit report issued under section 3901.813 of the Revised Code.

Section 3901.815 | Applicability of provisions.

• Effective: March 23, 2015
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 258 - 130th General Assembly

Sections 3901.811 to 3901.814 of the Revised Code shall not apply to an auditing entity that is a medicaid managed care organization if application of those sections to the entity would be in violation of federal law.

Section 3901.82 | Restatement of the Law, Liability Insurance.

• Effective: October 29, 2018
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 239 - 132nd General Assembly

The "Restatement of the Law, Liability Insurance" that was approved at the 2018 annual meeting of the American law institute does not constitute the public policy of this state and is not an appropriate subject of notice.

Section 3901.83 | Definitions for sections 3901.83 to 3901.833.

• Effective: April 5, 2019
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 265 - 132nd General Assembly

As used in sections 3901.83 to 3901.833 of the Revised Code:

(A) "Clinical practice guidelines" means a systematically developed statement to assist health care provider and patient decisions with regard to appropriate health care for specific clinical circumstances and conditions.

(B) "Clinical review criteria" means the written screening procedures, decision abstracts, clinical protocols, and clinical practice guidelines used by a health plan issuer or utilization review organization to determine whether or not health care services or drugs are appropriate and consistent with medical or scientific evidence.

(C) "Health benefit plan" and "health plan issuer" have the same meanings as in section 3922.01 of the Revised Code.

(D) "Medical or scientific evidence" has the same meaning as in section 3922.01 of the Revised Code.

(E) "Step therapy exemption" means an overriding of a step therapy protocol in favor of immediate coverage of the health care provider's selected prescription drug.

(F) "Step therapy protocol" means a protocol or program that establishes a specific sequence in which prescription drugs that are for a specified medical condition and that are consistent with medical or scientific evidence for a particular patient are covered, under either a medical or prescription drug benefit, by a health benefit plan, including both self- administered and physician-administered drugs.

(G) "Urgent care services" has the same meaning as in section 3923.041 of the Revised Code.

(H) "Utilization review organization" has the same meaning as in section 1751.77 of the Revised Code.

Section 3901.831 | Implementation of step therapy protocol.

• Effective: April 5, 2019
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 265 - 132nd General Assembly

(A) If a health plan issuer or a utilization review organization implements a step therapy protocol, that protocol shall be implemented via clinical review criteria that are based on clinical practice guidelines or medical or scientific evidence.

(B) When establishing a step therapy protocol, a health plan issuer and a utilization review organization shall also take into account the needs of atypical patient populations and diagnoses when establishing clinical review criteria.

(C) This section shall not be construed as requiring either a health plan issuer or the state to set up a new entity to develop clinical review criteria for step therapy protocols.

Section 3901.832 | Step therapy exemption.

• Effective: April 5, 2019
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 265 - 132nd General Assembly

(A)(1)(a) When coverage of a prescription drug for the treatment of any medical condition is restricted for use by a health plan issuer or utilization review organization through the use of a step therapy protocol, the health plan issuer or utilization review organization shall provide the prescribing health care provider access to a clear, easily accessible, and convenient process to request a step therapy exemption on behalf of a covered individual. A health plan issuer or utilization review organization may use its existing medical exceptions process to satisfy this requirement.

(b) A step therapy exemption request shall include supporting documentation and rationale.

(2)(a) A health plan issuer shall make available, to all health care providers, a list of all drugs covered by the issuer that are subject to a step therapy protocol. If the health plan issuer offers more than one health benefit plan, and the covered drugs subject to a step therapy protocol vary from one plan to another, then the health plan issuer shall issue a separate list for each plan.

(b) Along with the information required under division (A)(2)(a) of this section, a health plan issuer shall indicate what information or documentation must be provided to the issuer or organization for a step therapy exemption request to be considered complete. Such information shall be provided for each drug, if the requirements vary according to the drug, plan, or protocol in question.

(3)(a) The list required under division (A)(2)(a) of this section, along with the required information or documentation described in division (A)(2)(b) of this section, shall be made available on the issuer's web site or provider portal.

(b) A utilization review organization shall, for each health benefit plan it oversees that implements a step therapy protocol, similarly make the list and information required under divisions (A)(2)(a) and (b) of this section available on its web site or provider portal.

(4) From the time a step therapy exemption request is received by a health plan issuer or utilization review organization, the issuer or organization shall either grant or deny the request within the following time frames:

(a) Forty-eight hours for a request related to urgent care services;

(b) Ten calendar days for all other requests.

(5)(a) A provider may, on behalf of the covered individual, appeal any exemption request that is denied.

(b) From the time an appeal is received by a health plan issuer or utilization review organization, the issuer or organization shall either grant or deny the appeal within the following time frames:

(i) Forty-eight hours for appeals related to urgent care services;

(ii) Ten calendar days for all other appeals.

(c) The appeal shall be between the health care provider requesting the service in question and a clinical peer, as defined in section 3923.041 of the Revised Code.

(d)(i) The appeal shall be considered an internal appeal for purposes of section 3922.03 of the Revised Code.

(ii) A health plan issuer shall not impose a step therapy exemption appeal as an additional level of appeal beyond what is required under section 3922.03 of the Revised Code, unless otherwise permitted by law.

(e)(i) If the appeal does not resolve the disagreement, the covered individual, or the covered individual's authorized representative, may request an external review under Chapter 3922. of the Revised Code to the extent Chapter 3922. of the Revised Code is applicable.

(ii) As used in division (A)(5)(e) of this section, "authorized representative" has the same meaning as in section 3922.01 of the Revised Code.

(6) If a health plan issuer or utilization review organization does not either grant or deny an exemption request or an appeal within the time frames prescribed in division (A)(4) or (5) of this section, then such an exemption request or appeal shall be deemed to be granted.

(B) Pursuant to a step therapy exemption request initiated under division (A)(1) of this section or an appeal made under division (A)(5) of this section, a health plan issuer or utilization review organization shall grant a step therapy exemption if any of the following are met:

(1) The required prescription drug is contraindicated for that specific patient, pursuant to the drug's United States food and drug administration prescribing information.

(2) The patient has tried the required prescription drug while under their current, or a previous, health benefit plan, or another United States food and drug administration approved AB-rated prescription drug, and such prescription drug was discontinued due to lack of efficacy or effectiveness, diminished effect, or an adverse event.

(3) The patient is stable on a prescription drug selected by the patient's health care provider for the medical condition under consideration, regardless of whether or not the drug was prescribed when the patient was covered under the current or a previous health benefit plan, or has already gone through a step therapy protocol. However, a health benefit plan may require a stable patient to try a pharmaceutical alternative, per the federal food and drug administration's orange book, purple book, or their successors, prior to providing coverage for the prescribed drug.

(C) Upon the granting of a step therapy exemption, the health plan issuer or utilization review organization shall authorize coverage for the prescription drug prescribed by the patient's treating health care provider.

(D) This section shall not be construed to prevent either of the following:

(1) A health plan issuer or utilization review organization from requiring a patient to try any new or existing pharmaceutical alternative, per the federal food and drug administration's orange book, purple book, or their successors, prior to providing or renewing coverage for the prescribed drug;

(2) A health care provider from prescribing a prescription drug, consistent with medical or scientific evidence.

(E) Committing a series of violations of this section that, taken together, constitute a practice or pattern shall be considered an unfair and deceptive practice under sections 3901.19 to 3901.26 of the Revised Code.

Section 3901.833 | Adoption of rules.

• Effective: April 5, 2019
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 265 - 132nd General Assembly

The superintendent of insurance may adopt rules as necessary to enforce sections 3901.83 to 3901.833 of the Revised Code.

Section 3901.86 | Retaliatory provisions - moneys collected paid to state fire marshal's fund.

• Effective: September 1, 2002
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 129 - 124th General Assembly

(A) When the laws of any other state, district, territory, or nation impose any taxes, fines, penalties, license fees, deposits of money, securities, or other obligations or prohibitions on insurance companies of this state doing business in that state, district, territory, or nation, or upon their agents therein, the same obligations and prohibitions shall be imposed upon insurance companies of the other state, district, or nation doing business in this state and upon their agents.

When the laws of any other state, district, territory, or nation impose a requirement for countersignature and payment of a fee or commission upon agents of this state for placing any coverage in that state, district, territory, or nation, then the same requirements of countersignature and fee or commission shall be imposed upon agents of that state, district, territory, or nation for placing any coverage in this state.

(B) Beginning on July 1, 1993, twenty per cent of the amount that is collected under division (A) of this section from foreign insurance companies that sell fire insurance to residents of this state shall be paid into the state fire marshal's fund created under section 3737.71 of the Revised Code. The director of commerce, with the approval of the director of budget and management, may increase the percentage described in this division so that it will yield an amount that the director of commerce determines necessary to assist in the maintenance and administration of the office of the fire marshal and in defraying the costs of operating the Ohio fire academy established by section 3737.33 of the Revised Code.

Section 3901.87 | No coverage for nontherapeutic abortion.

• Effective: January 1, 2021
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 339 - 133rd General Assembly

(A) No qualified health plan shall provide coverage for a nontherapeutic abortion.

(B) As used in this section:

(1) "Nontherapeutic abortion" has the same meaning as in section 9.04 of the Revised Code.

(2) "Qualified health plan" means any qualified health plan as defined in section 1301 of the "Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act," 42 U.S.C. 18021, offered in this state through an exchange created under that act.

Section 3901.88 | Actuarial study regarding costs of health care mandates.

• Effective: April 6, 2017
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 463 - 131st General Assembly

The superintendent of insurance shall conduct an actuarial study on the costs of all health care mandates under state law that apply to individual and group health insurance plans that are not subject to the "Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974," 29 U.S.C. 1001, et seq. This study shall be delivered electronically to the governor, the senate president, and the speaker of the house not later than two years after the effective date of this section .

Section 3901.89 | Health plan issuers release claim information to group plan policyholders..

• Effective: July 1, 2021
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 9 - 133rd General Assembly

(A) As used in this section:

(1) "Full-time employee" means an employee working an average of at least thirty hours of service per week during a calendar month, or at least one hundred thirty hours of service during the calendar month.

(2) "Group policyholder" means a policyholder for a health insurance policy covering fifty or more full-time employees. "Group policyholder" includes an authorized representative of a group policyholder.

(3) "Health plan issuer" has the same meaning as in section 3922.01 of the Revised Code.

(B)(1)(a) A health plan issuer shall, upon request, release to each group policyholder monthly claims data and shall provide this data within thirty business days of receipt of the request.

(b) A health plan issuer shall not be required to release claims information as required in division (B)(1)(a) of this section more than once per calendar year per group policyholder.

(2) The data released shall include all of the following with regard to the policy in question for the policy period immediately preceding or the current policy period, as requested by the policyholder:

(a) The net claims paid or incurred by month;

(b)(i) If the group policyholder is an employer, the monthly enrollment data by employee only, employee and spouse, and employee and family;

(ii) If the group policyholder is not an employer, the monthly enrollment data shall be provided and organized in a relevant manner.

(c) Monthly prescription claims information;

(d) Paid claims over thirty thousand dollars, including claim identifier other than name and the date of occurrence, the amount paid toward each claim, and claimant health condition or diagnosis.

(C) A health plan issuer that discloses data or information in compliance with division (B) of this section may condition any such disclosure upon the execution of an agreement with the policyholder absolving the health plan issuer from civil liability related to the use of such data or information.

(D) A health plan issuer that provides data or information in compliance with division (B) of this section shall be immune from civil liability for any acts or omissions of any person's subsequent use of such data or information.

(E) This section shall not be construed as authorizing the disclosure of the identity of a particular individual covered under the group policy, nor the disclosure of any covered individual's particular health insurance claim, condition, or diagnosis, which would violate federal or state law.

(F) A group policyholder is entitled to receive protected health information under this section only after an appropriately authorized representative of the group policyholder makes to the health plan issuer a certification substantially similar to the following:

"I hereby certify and have demonstrated that the plan documents comply with the requirements of 45 C.F.R. 164.504(f)(2) and that the group policyholder will safeguard and limit the use and disclosure of protected health information that the policyholder may receive from the group health plan to perform plan administration functions."

(G) A group policyholder that does not provide the certification required in division (F) of this section is not entitled to receive the protected health information described in division (B)(2)(d) of this section, but is entitled to receive a report of claim information that includes the other information described under division (B) of this section.

(H) Committing a series of violations of this section that, taken together, constitute a practice or pattern shall be considered an unfair or deceptive practice under sections 3901.19 to 3901.26 of the Revised Code.

(I) Nothing in this section shall be construed as prohibiting a health plan issuer from disclosing additional claims information beyond what is required by this section.

Section 3901.90 | Education on mental health and addiction services insurance parity.

• Effective: September 29, 2017
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 49 - 132nd General Assembly

The superintendent of insurance, in consultation with the director of mental health and addiction services, shall develop consumer and payer education on mental health and addiction services insurance parity and establish and promote a consumer hotline to collect information and help consumers understand and access their insurance benefits.

The department of insurance and the department of mental health and addiction services shall jointly report annually on the department's efforts, which shall include information on consumer and payer outreach activities and identification of trends and barriers to access and coverage in this state. The departments shall submit the report to the general assembly, the joint medicaid oversight committee, and the governor, not later than the thirtieth day of January of each year.

Section 3901.91 | Adoption or amendment of rules related to insurance rating agencies.

• Effective: March 20, 2019
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 273 - 132nd General Assembly

When the superintendent of insurance adopts or amends a rule, including a rule related to the superintendent's duties and powers under Chapters 1751. and 1753. and Title XXXIX of the Revised Code or a rule related to an "insurance rating agency" as defined by section 1.65 of the Revised Code, the superintendent shall give consideration to the inclusion in the rule of the definition of "insurance rating agency" found in section 1.65 of the Revised Code.

Section 3901.95 | Direct primary care agreement not to be considered insurance.

• Effective: October 17, 2019
• Latest Legislation: House Bill 166 - 133rd General Assembly

A direct primary care agreement that meets all of the following shall not be considered insurance and nothing in Title XXXIX or Chapter 1739., 1751., or 1753. of the Revised Code shall apply to such an agreement:

(A) It is in writing.

(B) It is between a patient, or that patient's legal representative, and a health care provider and is related to services to be provided in exchange for the payment of a fee to be paid on a periodic basis.

(C) It allows either party to terminate the agreement as specified in the agreement.

(D) It requires termination to be accomplished through written notification.

(E) It permits termination to take effect immediately upon the other party's receipt of the notification or not more than sixty days after the other party's receipt of the notification.

(F) It does not impose a termination penalty or require payment of a termination fee.

(G) It describes the health care services to be provided under the agreement and the basis on which a periodic fee is to be paid in exchange for those services.

(H) It specifies the periodic fee required and any additional fees that may be charged.

(I) It authorizes the periodic fee and any additional fees to be paid by a third party.

(J) It prohibits the health services provider from charging or receiving any fee other than the fees prescribed in the agreement for those services prescribed in the agreement.

(K) It conspicuously and prominently states that the agreement is not health insurance, is not subject to the insurance laws of this state, and does not meet any individual health insurance mandate that may be required under federal law.

Section 3901.99 | Penalty.

• Effective: July 1, 1996
• Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 2 - 121st General Assembly

(A) Whoever violates section 3901.09 of the Revised Code shall be fined not less than twenty-five nor more than five hundred dollars.

(B) Whoever violates any law relating to the superintendent of insurance, or any law of this state relating to insurance as defined in division (A)(1) of section 3901.04 of the Revised Code, for the violation of which no penalty is otherwise provided in the Revised Code, shall be fined not more than twenty-five thousand dollars, imprisoned not more than six months, or both.

(C) Whoever violates section 3901.54 of the Revised Code is guilty of a felony of the fifth degree.

(D) Whoever violates division (J)(2) of section 3901.07 of the Revised Code is guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree.